黄芪、女贞、旱莲合剂对小鼠免疫功能的影响

本文报道以黄芪、女贞子、墨旱莲三合剂(AFE)大小剂量(9g/kg、20g/kg)分别给予小鼠灌胃7天,观察其对机体细胞免疫及体液免疫功能的影响。结果表明,两种剂量的AFE均能非常明显地增加小鼠细胞免疫功能(P<0.01),促进其免疫器官正常发育(P<0.05),提高血清IgG水平(>40％)。增加小鼠免疫生化酶一腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)活性,其中大剂量组对ADA的影响具有非常显著性意义(P<0.01)。该合剂还具有恢复环磷酰胺对小鼠免疫器官所致的萎缩作用。提示.该中药合剂可保护、提高小鼠免疫功能。     

墨旱莲挥发油化学成分的研究

 目的研究墨旱莲挥发油的化学组成。方法采用水蒸汽蒸馏提取挥发油,用GC-MS进行成分分析。结果鉴定了37个化合物,占挥发油总量的84.57%。结论墨旱莲挥发油的主要组分为1,5,5,8-四甲基-12-氧双环[9,1,0]十五碳-3,7-双烯(10.82%),6,10,14-三甲基-2-十五酮(9.27%),δ-愈创木烯(7.73%),新二氢香芹醇(7.50%),3,7,11,15-四甲基-2-十六烯-1-醇(6.67%),十六烷酸(5.82%),环氧石竹烯(5.39%),十七烷(5.34%)。     

墨旱莲的化学成分研究

目的 研究墨旱莲的化学成分.方法 应用溶剂法进行提取,硅胶、Sephadex LH-20等手段反复柱色谱分离、纯化,通过熔点、NMR等手段确定结构.结果 从其乙醇提取物的石油醚、醋酸乙酯以及正丁醇萃取部分共得到10个化合物,分别为2,2',5",2"-三噻吩-5-羧酸(Ⅰ)、α-谷甾醇(Ⅱ)、芹菜素(Ⅲ)、槲皮素(Ⅳ)、木犀草素(Ⅴ)、蟛蜞菊内酯(Ⅵ)、去甲蟛蜞菊内酯(Ⅶ)、旱莲苷C(Ⅷ)、木犀草苷(Ⅸ)、蒙花苷(Ⅹ).结论 化合物Ⅰ为一新天然产物,Ⅹ为首次从墨旱莲中分离得到.     

Antiinflammatory Constituents from Eclipta prostrata using RAW264.7 Macrophage Cells

The whole plant extract of Eclipta prostrata and its isolated compounds were tested for their antiinflammatory effects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) release in RAW264.7 cells, as well as for the antiinflammatory mechanism of the active compound on mRNA expression. Among the isolated compounds, orobol (5) exhibited the highest activity against NO release with an IC₅₀ value of 4.6 μm , followed by compounds 1, 2 and 4 with IC₅₀ values of 12.7, 14.9 and 19.1 μm , respectively. The IC₅₀ value of compound 5 against PGE₂ release was found to be 49.6 μm , whereas it was inactive towards TNF‐α (IC₅₀ > 100 μm ). The mechanism of orobol (5) was found to down‐regulate iNOS and COX‐2 mRNA expression in a concentration‐dependent manner. The present study may support the traditional use of Eclipta prostrata for the treatment of inflammatory‐related diseases. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Anti-inflammatory activity of Justicia prostrata gamble in acute and sub-acute models of inflammation

In this study, the aqueous (AQJP) and alcoholic (ALJP) extracts of the whole plant of Justicia prostrata Gamble (Acanthaceae) were screened for their acute and subacute anti-inflammatory activities using carrageenan-induced acute inflammation and cotton-pellet-induced granuloma (subacute inflammation), respectively, in rats. In the carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema model, both extracts were found to exhibit maximum reduction in paw volume at the first hour in a dose-dependent manner. At the dose of 500 mg/kg p.o., both extracts AQJP and ALJP showed maximum inhibition (51.39% and 62.5%, respectively) in rat paw oedema volume at the first hour of carrageenan-induced acute inflammation. In the cotton pellet granuloma assay, AQJP and ALJP at the dose of 500 mg/kg p.o. suppressed the transudative, exudative and proliferative phases of chronic inflammation. These extracts were able to (i) reduce the lipid peroxide content of exudates and liver and (ii) normalize the increased activity of acid and alkaline phosphatases in serum and liver of cotton pellet granulomatous rats. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of lignans, triterpenes and phenolic compounds in ALJP, whereas phenolic compounds and glycosides in AQJP. The anti-inflammatory properties of these extracts may possibly be due to the presence of phenolic compounds. The anti-inflammatory effects produced by the extracts at the dose of 500 mg/kg, p.o. was comparable with the reference drug diclofenac sodium (5 mg/kg p.o.).     

仙鹤草与旱莲草相须为用治疗内痔出血的临床经验

〔摘 要〕　仙鹤草、旱莲草是中医清热凉血、收敛止血的要药，适用于内痔出血的治疗。笔者通过对内痔出血的病因阐 述及仙鹤草、旱莲草性味功效及现代药理研究分析，结合临床医案实践，得出其治疗效果良好的结论。     

墨旱莲的生物学和化学成分研究进展

墨旱莲是我国传统的常用药材之一,近年来国内外针对墨旱莲开展了多方面的研究.现就其资源分布、营养器官和生殖器官的形态解剖、组织培养等生物学特性及其主要药用成分黄酮类、三萜皂苷、挥发油、香豆草醚类、噻吩类的研究进展进行综述,以期为墨旱莲今后的研究及应用提供参考.     

卤地菊二萜化学成分研究

目的:对卤地菊全草的化学成分进行研究。方法:用色谱法和波谱分析法对卤地菊的化学成分进行分离和结构鉴定。结果:从卤地菊全草中分离得到7个化合物,分别鉴定为:对映-贝壳杉-16-烯-19-酸(Ⅰ)、对映-贝壳杉-16α,17-二羟基-19-酸(Ⅱ)、对映-贝壳杉-15α-异戊烯酰-16-烯-19-酸(Ⅲ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅳ)、豆甾醇(Ⅴ)、豆甾醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅵ)和正二十六烷醇(Ⅶ)。结论:化合物Ⅰ～Ⅲ为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Evaluation of Senegalese plants used in malaria treatment: focus on Chrozophora senegalensis

An ethnobotanical study was conducted in the Dakar area of Senegal to investigate the species used in the treatment of malaria. Seven plants are principally used: Cissampelos mucronata, Maytenus senegalensis, Terminalia macroptera, Bidens engleri, Ceratotheca sesamoides, Chrozophora senegalensis and Mitracarpus scaber. From a bibliographic study, it had been shown that the Cissampelos mucronata, Maytenus senegalensis and Terminalia macroptera have already been studied by several authors, and so only Bidens engleri, Ceratotheca sesamoides, Chrozophora senegalensis and Mitracarpus scaber were evaluated in the present study. For each plant, extracts were prepared with different solvents and tested in vitro on two chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains. Crude extracts from the leaves and the stems of Chrozophora senegalensis showed the best in vitro results. The IC(50) value of an aqueous extract of Chrozophora senegalensis was 1.6 microg/ml without cytotoxicity. The in vivo antiplasmodial activity of Chrozophora extracts was determined by both the oral and the intraperitoneal ways. The stages of Plasmodium cycle targeted by Chrozophora were then studied in vitro. These results could justify the traditional use of this plant in malaria treatment.     

墨旱莲抗环磷酰胺诱导的胸腺细胞凋亡的实验研究

目的 研究中药墨旱莲(Eclipta Prostrata L)对环磷酰胺(CY)诱导的小鼠胸腺细胞凋亡的影响。方法 小鼠腹腔注射CY，建立胸腺细胞凋亡模型，同时用墨旱莲灌胃进行治疗。应用电镜、DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳，研究墨旱莲对环磷酰胺(CY)诱导的小鼠胸腺细胞凋亡的影响。结果 电镜、DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳显示环磷酰胺组出现典型的细胞凋亡表现，墨旱莲组较环磷酰胺组有一定程度的改善。结论 墨旱莲能不同程度抑制CY诱导的小鼠胸腺细胞凋亡。