A modified chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay for qualitative and quantitative study of growth factors

Summary The application of Thermanox tissue culture coverslips to the day 9 CAM of the chick causes constant effects beneath the carrier after 3 days, and these are associated with a change in the blood vessel pattern. Histological sections show enormous thickening of the CAM in the reactive areas. The stroma of the CAM shows fibrocyte proliferation, leucocyte infiltration, and clusters of dispersed ectodermal epithelial cells exhibiting signs of necrosis. The latter obviously cause a strong vascular response. The same effects are seen when the Thermanox discs are applied at day 11. Following application on day 12 a positive or negative response to the carrier is observed, whereas on day 13 no such carrier effects are seen. The only remaining effect is compression of the intra-ectodermal capillary plexus of the CAM. This can macroscopically be seen after peroxidase staining of the blood vessels. The effect of 5 l PBS dried on the Thermanox disc and applied to the day 13 CAM is to cause, after 3 days, hyperosmotic damage to the ectodermal epithelium, which becomes overgrown by fibrocytes. We found dose-dependent effects of salt-free human bFGF applied to the day 13 CAM. The first and main effect is fibrocyte proliferation (0.5 g). New capillaries appear with higher doses, but are not as frequent as would be expected for an angiogenic substance (1.25–2.5 g). Also with higher doses additional hyperplasia of the endodermal (3.75 g) and ectodermal (5 g) epithelium can be seen. The latter might be a non-specific hyperosmotic effect. Leucocytes are regularly present within the reactive areas. When salt-free angiogenin is applied to the day 13 CAM, some effects appear with doses of 4.6 g and more. The ectodermal epithelium of the reactive areas is discontinuous, exhibiting signs of necrosis. It is overgrown by parallel fibrocytes. Whether this is a non-specific hyperosmotic effect, or indicates enhancement of invasive growth, calls for further investigation.     

椅旁牙科CAD/CAM系统及临床应用进展

CEREC系统作为目前世界上唯一的椅旁牙科修复CAD／CAM系统,运用人机交互方式,高速度高质量地获得设计方案,并将可切削材料自动加工成形,已被临床证明是当今牙科修复的好助手,在临床工作中日渐显出其优势。     

不同类型瓷贴面与树脂水门汀对贴面密合度与微渗漏的影响

目的:观察瓷贴面类型及树脂水门汀对瓷贴面边缘密合度及微渗漏的影响.方法:36颗上颌中切牙随机均分为四组进行贴面修复,A组:IPS e.max Press瓷贴面+RelyXTM Veneer树脂水门汀;B组:IPS e.max Press瓷贴面+Vitique树脂水门汀;C组:CAD/CAM长石质瓷贴面+RelyXTM ...     

基于CAD/CAM技术的钛合金制品在正颌外科手术中应用研究进展

计算机辅助设计与计算机辅助制作(computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing,CAD/CAM)技术发展迅速,在医学领域尤其是外科领域已被广泛应用.正颌外科是外科学的重要组成部分,其对于治疗的精度与材料的质量要求严格,而基于CAD/CAM技术的钛合金制品(如...     

Analysis of COVID-19-associated rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis patients in a tertiary care center in Northern India

Purpose:An unprecedented surge has been noted in rhino-orbital-Cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) in times of current COVID-19 pandemic. The present prospective study aims to evaluate clinico-epidemiological profile, risk factors, management, and outcome of the cases of ROCM that presented to our tertiary care center during the study period from April to June 2021.Methods:All patients were subjected to complete history taking, ophthalmological examination, and imaging studies. The patients were staged and were treated with intravenous liposomal amphotericin B (AMB) and sino-nasal debridement of local necrotic tissue. Transcutaneous retrobulbar AMB (TRAMB), orbital decompression, and exenteration were instituted as indicated. All patients were followed up for a minimum of 6 months before arriving at the final outcome. Statistical analysis was performed.Results:A total of 49 patients presented during the study period, with a mean age of 42.2 years. The major risk factors included uncontrolled diabetes (89.8%), COVID-19 positivity (51.02%), and concurrent steroid use (38.77%). The most common presenting symptom was facial pain/swelling (43.65%), while the most common presenting sign was deterioration in vision (75.51%). Intravenous liposomal AMB was given to all patients along with sino-nasal debridement (85.71%), TRAMB (57.14%), orbital decompression (14.28%), and exenteration (12.24%). Overall, mortality at 6 months was 22.45% (11 patients). Age more than 60 years, intracranial extension, and HbA1c of more than 8.0% were observed to be statistically significant indicators of mortality.Conclusion:Early suspicion and timely diagnosis of mucormycosis at rhino-orbital stage is warranted in order to salvage life as well as visual function. TRAMB may prove as potentially favorable treatment modality in cases with limited orbital involvement.     

加减大黄廑虫丸抑制血管生成的实验研究

目的探讨加减大黄廑虫丸对血管生成的抑制作用。方法鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜（CAM）法检测加减大黄磨虫丸对血管生成的影响;采用MTS比色法观察不同浓度的加减大黄磨虫丸对血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）诱导的ECV-504细胞增殖的影响;Tran—swell小室检测不同浓度的加减大黄廑虫丸对ECV-304细胞移行的影响;Matrigel实验检测不同浓度的加减大黄磨虫丸对ECV-304细胞内皮管腔形成的影响。结果加减大黄磨虫丸中、低浓度组能够抑制鸡胚CAM血管生成;MTS比色法显示,0．05—0．20g/ml浓度的加减大黄鹰虫丸对VEGF诱导的ECV-304细胞增殖具有抑制作用,而更低和更高浓度的加减大黄廑虫丸则无抑制作用。Transwell小室实验显示,加减大黄廑虫丸浓度为0、12．5、25．0和50．0mg/ml时ECV-504细胞移行数分别为208．67±17．16、132．67±16．50、78．33±13．50和18．67±6．66;Matrigel实验显示,加减大黄磨虫丸浓度为0、12．5、25．0和50．0mg/ml时ECV-304细胞内皮管腔形成数分别为25．67±1．53、22．33±1．53、16．33±2．52和2．33±1．53,可见抑制细胞移行和管腔形成的作用随浓度增大而增强。结论加减大黄廑虫丸具有明显抑制血管生成的作用。     

All-ceramic systems: laboratory and clinical performance

Several all-ceramic systems have been developed in dentistry to meet the increased expectations of patients and dentists for highly aesthetic, biocompatible, and long-lasting restorations. However, early bulk fractures or chippings have led the research community to investigate the mechanical performance of the all-ceramic systems. This overview explores the current knowledge of monolithic and bilayer dental all-ceramic systems, addressing composition and processing mechanisms, laboratory and clinical performance, and possible future trends for all-ceramic materials.     

基于UG NX及MasterCAM透明泌尿系统模型设计和制作

目的针对目前模拟人体的泌尿系统模型结构单一、用途局限、不适于体外模拟实验等不足,本文将计算机辅助设计及制作（CAD／CAM）等技术应用于医学模拟模型的开发,设计制作了带双层管壁结构的多用途透明泌尿系统模型。方法利用现有的人体泌尿系统解剖参数,基于UGNX软件完成模型的设计,然后利用MasterCAM软件对模型进行数控编程,通过数字控制车床对模型各部件进行加工,最后组装各部件完成制作。结果完成带双层管壁结构的透明泌尿系统模型的制作,该模型具有功能多、成本低廉、模拟程度高等优点。结论该模型的制作是医工结合的一个新的尝试。     

Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng) improves glucose and insulin regulation in well-controlled, type 2 diabetes: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of efficacy and safety

Background and aimTo address the paucity of randomized clinical studies assessing ginseng on long-term outcomes in type 2 diabetes, we assessed the clinical antidiabetic efficacy and safety of 12 weeks of supplementation with a Korean red ginseng (KRG) preparation, dose, and mode of administration, selected from an acute, clinical, screening model.Methods and resultsNineteen participants with well-controlled type 2 diabetes (sex: 11 M:8 F, age: 64 ± 2 years, BMI: 28.9 ± 1.4 kg/m², HbA_1c: 6.5%) completed the study. Using a double-blind, randomized, crossover design, each participant received the selected KRG preparation (rootlets) and placebo at the selected dose (2 g/meal = 6 g/day) and mode of administration (preprandial oral agent [−40 min]) for 12 weeks as an adjunct to their usual anti-diabetic therapy (diet and/or medications). Outcomes included measures of efficacy (HbA_1c and fasting- and 75-g oral glucose tolerance test [OGTT]-plasma glucose [PG], plasma insulin [PI], and insulin sensitivity index [ISI] indices); safety (liver, kidney, haemostatic, and blood-pressure function); and compliance (returned capsules, diet-records, and body-weight).There was no change in the primary endpoint, HbA_1c. The participants, however, remained well-controlled (HbA_1c = 6.5%) throughout. The selected KRG treatment also decreased 75g-OGTT-PG indices by 8–11% and fasting-PI and 75g-OGTT-PI indices by 33–38% and increased fasting-ISI (homeostasis model assessment [HOMA]) and 75g-OGTT-ISI by 33%, compared with placebo (P < 0.05). Safety and compliance outcomes remained unchanged.ConclusionsAlthough clinical efficacy, as assessed by HbA_1c, was not demonstrated, 12 weeks of supplementation with the selected KRG treatment maintained good glycemic control and improved PG and PI regulation safely beyond usual therapy in people with well-controlled type 2 diabetes. Further investigation with similarly selected KRG treatments may yield clinical efficacy.