Analysis on internal mechanism of zedoary turmeric in treatment of liver cancer based on pharmacodynamic substances and pharmacodynamic groups

Zedoary tumeric (Curcumae Rhizoma, Ezhu in Chinese) has a long history of application and has great potential in the treatment of liver cancer. The anti liver cancer effect of zedoary tumeric depends on the combined action of multiple pharmacodynamic substances. In order to clarify the specific mechanism of zedoary tumeric against liver cancer, this paper first analyzes the mechanism of its single pharmacodynamic substance against liver cancer, and then verifies the joint anti liver cancer mechanism of its "pharmacodynamic group". By searching the research on the anti hepatoma effect of active components of zedoary tumeric in recent years, we found that pharmacodynamic substances, including curcumol, zedoarondiol, curcumenol, curzerenone, curdione, curcumin, germacrone, β-elemene, can act on multi-target and multi-channel to play an anti hepatoma role. For example, curcumin can regulate miR, GLO1, CD133, VEGF, YAP, LIN28B, GPR81, HCAR-1, P53 and PI3K/Akt/mTOR, HSP70/TLR4 and NF-κB. Wnt/TGF/EMT, Nrf2/Keap1, JAK/STAT and other pathways play an anti hepatoma role. Network pharmacological analysis showed that the core targets of the "pharmacodynamic group" for anti-life cancer are AKT1, EGFR, MAPK8, etc, and the core pathways are neuroactive live receiver interaction, nitrogen metabolism, HIF-1 signaling pathway, etc. At the same time, by comparing and analyzing the relationship between the specific mechanisms of pharmacodynamic substance and "pharmacodynamic group", it is found that they have great reference significance in target, pathway, biological function, determination of core pharmacodynamic components, formation of core target protein interaction, in-depth research of single pharmacodynamic substance, increasing curative effect and so on. By analyzing the internal mechanism of zedoary tumeric pharmacodynamic substance and "pharmacodynamic group" in the treatment of liver cancer, this paper intends to provide some ideas and references for the deeper pharmacological research of zedoary tumeric and the relationship between pharmacodynamic substance and "pharmacodynamic group".     

骨碎补化学成分和生物活性研究进展＊

骨碎补是历代临床常用中药，具有疗伤止痛、补肾强骨、消风祛斑等功效。其主要含黄酮、苯丙素、三萜、酚酸及其苷等类化学成分，现代研究表明骨碎补具有抗骨质疏松、促进骨折愈合、促软骨再生、护牙健齿、保护肾功能、抗炎、防治中毒性耳聋、降血脂等多种生物活性，开发前景广阔。本文对近年来骨碎补的化学成分、药理作用及临床应用研究进行综述，以期为骨碎补的进一步深入系统的研究和开发利用提供依据。     

HPLC-ABTS-DAD-Q-TOF/MS在线检测大黄抗氧化活性成分

目的：建立大黄特征化学成分和抗氧化活性相关联的二维指纹图谱，研究大黄抗氧化活性物质。方法：利用高效液相多检测器联用的抗氧化活性成分在线检测体系，对大黄中化学成分进行检测，共鉴定出大黄中化学成分15种；其中8种具有抗氧化活性；然后采用清除效率为指标对各活性成分的抗氧化活性进行评价。结果：结果发现化合物葡萄糖紫丁香酸、腺嘌呤、没食子酸、儿茶素或表儿茶素、双花母草素、2-O-桂皮酰-没食子酰葡萄糖等具有较强的清除ABTS^·+的活性，而蒽醌类成分对ABTS^·+的清除作用较弱。结论：采用HPLC-ABTS-DAD-Q-TOF/MS对大黄中的抗氧化活性成分进行快速分析鉴定，初步阐明大黄在抗氧化环节起作用的效应物质。     

Toxicological evaluation of Yulangsan polysaccharide in Wistar rats: A 26-week oral gavage study

Although numerous studies have proven the medicinal values of Yulangsan polysaccharide (YLSP), the toxicity of this active ingredient is unknown. In the acute toxicity study, a single oral administration of 24 g/kg YLSP caused neither toxicological symptoms nor mortality, and the LD₅₀ was estimated >24 g/kg. In the chronic toxicity study, we administered doses of 0, 0.6, 1.2 and 2.4 g/kg YLSP in rats by oral gavage for 26 weeks followed by a 3-week recovery period. There was no mortality or remarkable clinical signs observed during this 26-week study. Additionally, there were no toxic differences in the following parameters: body weight, food consumption, hematology, clinical biochemistry, organ weight, and macroscopic findings. There were no adverse effects on histopathology observed in males or female rats treated with YLSP. Based on the results, the no-observed-adverse-effect-level of YLSP in rats is greater than 2.4 g/kg when administered orally for 26 consecutive weeks.     

山药粗多糖的提取工艺

对鲜山药中水溶性粗多糖的提取工艺进行了研究,通过单因素试验和L9（34）正交试验,研究了料液比、提取温度、时间和乙醇体积分数对粗多糖得率的影响,极差分析及方差分析结果表明提取温度和料液比是影响山药粗多糖提取的主要因素,较优的工艺为料液比1 g：9 mL,温度50 ℃,时间2.5 h,乙醇体积分数75%,在此工艺条件下,鲜山药粗多糖得率为0.2449%（以鲜山药质量计）.     

散结消肿贴中大黄重楼提取工艺优选研究

目的：优选散结消肿贴中大黄、重楼的渗漉提取工艺。方法：以总固体物得率和总蒽醌得率为指标，用正交实验优选。结果：工艺中影响最大的因素是乙醇浓度，其次是乙醇用量，浸泡时间影响较小。最佳工艺条件为乙醇浓度65％，乙醇用量8倍量。浸泡时间24h。结论：渗漉法操作简单，成份破坏少，用优选所得条件进行提取，总蒽醌和总固体物得率均较高，优选结果可用于散结消肿贴中大黄、重楼的提取。     

灵芪菌质发酵工艺初报

目的:探讨灵芪菌质发酵的工艺,验证药用真菌新型固体发酵的优越性.方法:将灵芝分别在普通基质、药性基质(含黄芪)、富硒药性基质中发酵,对三种基质中菌质的有效部位多糖的含量进行测定及动态研究,比较其变化.结果:三种基质中菌质有效部位多糖含量及其相对标准差分别为4.65%、1.61%,3.76%、1.99%,4.50%、1.86%;对灵芝和黄芪发酵组合的有效成分多糖、蛋白质及总皂苷进行动态变化研究,发现第28天是发生次生代谢最旺盛的时候,确定为发酵终点.结论:灵芝和黄芪发酵组合是可行的.     

颅脑损伤患者伤后细胞免疫功能变化及黄芪的免疫调节作用

目的：研究颅脑损伤患者伤后细胞免疫功能的变化规律及黄芪对细胞免疫功能的调节作用。方法：73例中、重型颅脑损伤患者随机分为常规治疗组35例和黄芪治疗组38例。对照组10例。采用放射免疫法．双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法及碱性磷酸酶法于不同时间检测各组患者细胞免疫学指标，1个月后进行疗效评价，并进行统计学处理。结果：颅脑损伤患者伤后1d IL-2、CD4、CD4／CD8显著下降，SIL-2R及CD8显著升高(P＜0．01)。伤后第30天常规组与黄芪组比较IL-2，SIL-2R，CD8、CD4／CD8有显著性差异，CD4无显著性差异。伤后1月两组患者感染发生率、GCS评分、日常生活能力比较有显著性差异(P＜0．01)。结论：中、重型颅脑损伤息者伤后存在显著的细胞免疫功能抑制，黄芪可以改善患者细胞免疫功能状态，提高机体抗感染能力．改善预后。     

方格星虫多糖分离纯化及性质鉴定

以方格星虫（Sipunculus nudus）体壁和血液为试验材料，经胰蛋白酶水解，Sevage法去除蛋白质，乙醇沉淀得到粗多糖，透析并冷冻干燥后分别得到方格星虫体壁多糖（SWP）和血液多糖（SBP）。经凝胶渗透色谱分析，SWP和SBP均为单一组分，相对分子质量分别为284528和198212。红外光谱分析表明，两种多耱结构相似，不含硫酸基团，均含有葡萄耱、半乳糖、木糖和阿拉伯糖。SBP含有乙酰氨基，而SWP不含乙酰氨基，它们是以α-糖苷键或β-糖苷键连接的呋喃多糖。     

A Comparative Study on the Effect of BCG-PSN and Thymopeptides on T-lymphocyte Subsets of Normal and Immunosuppressed Mice

Polysaccharidenucleicacidfractionofbacilluscalmetteguerin (BCG PSN ,SiqikangInjection)andthymopeptidesarenowtwowidelyusedimmunomod ulatorsinclinicalpractice .Theyareusuallyusedasanadjuvanttherapyforvirusinfection ,autoimmunediseasesandneoplasms ,whichhavebeenclinicallyprovedtobeeffective .Somereportsdemonstratedthattheybothcanstimulatetheproliferationanddif ferentiationofT lymphocytes.However ,theexactmechanismshavenotbeenelucidatedyet .InordertocomparetheirmodulatingmechanismsonT lympho c…