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排序方式: 共有114条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
伯氏疟原虫对青蒿素抗药性的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
仿Peters剂量递增法用伯氏疟原虫ANKA株及N株对QHS进行了抗药性的研究。经14个月的培育至第58代,QHS im注射“4日抑制性实验”的ED50在RQ/ANKA系及RQ/N系分别为其亲代系的53.4及54.6倍,但经蚊传未获成功。在第40代(I50=25)时,其50%的治愈剂量为其亲代系的5.4倍。停药传代其抗性会逐渐消失。该虫系对青蒿酯钠及蒿甲醚有明显的交叉抗性,其ED50分别为其亲代系的13.1及11.7倍,对伯喹的抗性为2.9倍,对氯喹未见明显交叉抗性。 相似文献
2.
蒿甲醚治疗实验大鼠肺孢子虫肺炎的初步观察 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用皮下连续注射醋酸可的松6周建立大鼠肺孢子虫肺炎动物模型,并用国产蒿甲醚进行实验治疗。经蒿甲醚100mg/kg·次,每日1次连续5d,大腿肌肉注射后,治疗组大鼠肺印片中卡氏肺孢子虫包囊均数较未治疗对照组有所减少,而与戊烷脒治疗组相近,提示蒿甲醚可能是一种有前途的抗卡氏肺孢子虫新药。 相似文献
3.
目的:为了提高蒿甲醚的溶出度,通过处方筛选,将蒿甲醚制备成pH依赖型固体分散体。方法:采用喷雾干燥法,以醋酸羟丙甲纤维素琥珀酸酯(HPMCAS-HF)、羟丙基甲基纤维素邻苯二甲酸酯(HP-55)、Eudragit S100为载体,分别制备蒿甲醚固体分散体,以溶出度和稳定性为指标筛选出最佳载体;再用筛选出的最佳载体以不同比例制备蒿甲醚固体分散体,以溶出度为指标筛选出最佳比例。并以粒度检查、电子扫描显微镜(SEM)观察、X射线粉末衍射法分析(XRD)及溶出度测定等,对筛选出的最佳处方进行质量评价。结果:蒿甲醚pH依赖型固体分散体最佳处方为蒿甲醚∶HPMCAS-HF=1∶1,具有较好的pH依赖释药性能和稳定性,质量评价符合设计要求。结论:本方法制备的蒿甲醚固体分散体达到了pH依赖性释药要求,适合制备成结直肠定位释药制剂。 相似文献
4.
目的 评价蒿甲醚联合复方双氢青蒿素片对刚果(金)维和任务区非重症疟疾的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析刚果(金)中国二级医院2018年9月—2019年9月收治的维和任务区56例非重症疟疾患者的临床资料。患者明确诊断后即予“蒿甲醚注射液”肌肉注射治疗,2~3 d后改为口服复方双氢青蒿素片。定期观察患者症状、体温、疟原虫密度和药物不良反应等指标。按WHO抗疟药物临床疗效分类综合评价治疗方案的疗效。结果 56例非重症疟疾患者中,单纯恶性疟41例,混合疟15例。全部患者均获得完全临床原虫治疗成功,无严重不良反应发生。平均退热时间单纯恶性疟患者为(28.5±7.6) h,混合疟患者为(26.4±6.5) h;平均疟原虫清除时间单纯恶性疟患者为(31.5±8.3) h,混合疟患者为(30.4±6.7) h;平均疟原虫清除半衰期单纯恶性疟为(2.54±0.55) h,混合疟患者为(2.42±0.43) h。两组患者退热时间、疟原虫清除时间及清除半衰期差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 蒿甲醚联合复方双氢青蒿素片可有效治疗刚果(金)维和任务区非重症疟疾,且安全性良好。 相似文献
5.
目的探讨2006—2013年25例输入性恶性疟的流行特征及临床诊断和治疗效果。方法回顾性分析恶性疟病例的流行病学资料及临床资料。结果 25例恶性疟病例均有蚊虫叮咬史和有非洲地区居留史,临床症状主要为发热、畏寒、大汗、呕吐、贫血、血小板数减少、和肝肾功能异常等。在蒿甲醚联合伯氨喹治疗后,25例恶性疟均获痊愈,无输入性恶性疟传播。结论菏泽市输入性恶性疟以有非洲旅居史,青年、中年男性为主,近年来发病有所增加;恶性疟诊断主要依靠反复外周血涂片检测;蒿甲醚联合伯氨喹治疗方案治疗效果可靠。 相似文献
6.
目的观察3种青蒿素衍生物双氢青蒿素、青蒿琥酯和蒿甲醚对日本血吸虫吡喹酮抗性株童虫的体内作用效果。方法以经11轮亚治疗剂量吡喹酮筛选的日本血吸虫为吡喹酮抗性株,以未暴露于吡喹酮的日本血吸虫作为吡喹酮敏感株,收集2虫株尾蚴感染小鼠,以300mg/kg双氢青蒿素、青蒿琥酯和蒿甲醚对感染后7~8 d童虫分别进行2次灌服用药(总剂量600 mg/kg),所有小鼠于感染后45 d解剖,收集小鼠体内成虫并计数,计算减虫率和减雌率。结果 300 mg/kg双氢青蒿素、蒿甲醚和青蒿琥酯2日疗法(总剂量600 mg/kg)对日本血吸虫吡喹酮敏感株7~8 d童虫的减虫率为69.8%~71.0%,减雌率为75.4%~79.8%;对日本血吸虫吡喹酮抗性株7~8 d童虫的减虫率为64.6%~66.1%,减雌率为69.3%~71.1%,差异均无统计学意义(均p0.05)。结论 日本血吸虫吡喹酮抗性株对青蒿素类衍生物双氢青蒿素、青蒿琥酯和蒿甲醚依然敏感,青蒿素衍生物与吡喹酮在日本血吸虫中不存在交叉抗药性。 相似文献
7.
Cuzzocrea S Saadat F Di Paola R Mirshafiey A 《Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology》2005,27(4):615-630
The current research was designed to determine the effect of artemether in treatment of experimental rheumatoid arthritis. Collagen-induced arthritis was induced in Lewis rats. The intramusculary administration of artemether (ART) and intraperitoneally injection of methotrexate (MTX) were started on day 25 postimmunization and continued until final assessment on day 35. During this period, clinical examination was taken intermittently. The anticollagen type II antibody (CII Ab) and nitric oxide synthesis were measured. The paws and kness were then removed for histopathology and radiography assay.The biocompatibility of ART and MTX were assessed using fibrosarcoma cell line. Data showed that i.m. injection of ART to arthritic rats induced a significant reduction in paw edema. This beneficial effect was associated with a significant decrease in anti-CII antibody response compared with untreated rats. Histopathological assessment showed a reduced inflammatory cell infiltrate in joints of treated rats; tissue edema, and bone erosion in the paws were markedly reduced following ART therapy. Furthermore, our radiography results paralleled our histological findings. Cytotoxicity analysis of ART showed greater tolerability compared with MTX. Treatment with ART significantly diminished NO formation in treated rats compared with nontreated controls. Our data shed light on the therapeutic efficacy of artemether in experimental rheumatoid arthritis compared with a choice drug (methotrexate), and it may be offered as a second-line drug in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. 相似文献
8.
9.
Wiesner L Govender K Meredith SA Norman J Smith PJ 《Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis》2011,55(2):373-378
A solvent extraction method was developed and validated for the determination of the antimalarial drug, artemether and its active metabolite dihydroartemisinin (DHA) in malaria patient plasma samples. An AB Sciex 4000 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode was used for detection in the positive ionisation mode. Liquid-liquid extraction was followed by PFP liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Stable isotope labelled artemether and DHA was used as internal standards. The calibration range was between 2.00 and 500 ng/ml for both artemether and DHA during the original validation and the upper limit was lowered to 200 ng/ml during a re-instatement validation, prior to sample analysis. The assay was used to measure artemether and DHA in human plasma samples, which were generated from a safety and efficacy clinical trial in Mbarara, Uganda; as well as for a pharmacokinetic interaction study between the antimalarial combination artemether/lumefantrine and combination antiretroviral therapy including nevirapine in HIV-infected adults. 相似文献
10.
J. Karbwang K. Na-Bangchang K. Congpuong P. Molunto A. Thanavibul 《European journal of clinical pharmacology》1997,52(4):307-310
Objective: The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of artemether and dihydroartemisinin were investigated in eight Thai males following
the administration of single oral and intramuscular doses of artemether (300 mg) in a randomized two-way cross-over study.
Results: Both oral and intramuscular artemether were well-tolerated. In most cases, artemether and dihydroartemisinin were detected
in plasma after 30 min and declined to levels below the limit of detection within 18–24 h. Compared with intramuscular administration,
oral administration of artemether resulted in a relatively rapid but incomplete absorption [Cmax: 474 vs 540 ng · ml−1; t
max: 2.0 vs 3.9 h; AUC: 2.17 vs 5.20 μg · h · ml−1]. Geographic means of lag-time and absorption half-life (t
1/2a) of oral vs intramuscular artemether were 0.28 and 1.1 h vs 0.30 and 2 h, respectively. t
1/2z was significantly shortened after the oral dose [2.8 vs 6.9 h]. Mean oral bioavailability relative to intramuscular administration
was 43.2%. The ratio of the AUCs of artemether to dihydroartemisinin was significantly lower after the oral than after the
intramuscular dose (geometric mean: 0.29 vs 0.60).
Received: 18 October 1996 / Accepted in revised form: 28 January 1997 相似文献