福参的苷类成分

目的 从福参Angelica morii提取分离活性成分。方法 采用乙醇提取，溶剂萃取，大孔树脂、聚酰胺、硅胶柱层析，LH-20、重结晶等纯化，对福参饮片进行系统提取分离；运用波谱学方法及理化常数对照进行结构鉴定。结果 从正丁醇和水部分分离到6个苷类化合物，分别为升麻索苷(prim-O-glucosylcimifugin，Ⅰ)、紫花前胡苷(marmesinin，Ⅱ)、芹菜素7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(apigenin 7-O0-β-D-glucoside，Ⅲ)、木犀草素7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(1ute—olin 7-O-β-D-glucoside，Ⅳ)，umbeliferone 7-apiosylglucoside(V)和胡萝卜苷(daucosterol，Ⅵ)。结论 6个化合物均为首次该植物中分得；化合物Ⅲ首次从当归属中分得。     

益智仁在疾病中的研究进展

〔摘 要〕 益智仁为姜科山姜属植物益智的干燥成熟果实,是我国著名的四大南药之一,在临床上常用于治疗腹泻、尿频、 炎症以及癌症等疾病。近年来,对益智仁的药理研究主要在其提取物和化学成分上,本文作者综述了其在腹泻、阿尔茨海 默病（AD）、癌症、肾病、骨疾病等方面的研究,为以后对益智仁的研究、开发与应用提供了基础。     

山姜属药用植物及生药学研究进展

山羊属植物具有重要的药用价值,不少传统中药及民间药物共原植均来自该属,近年来,国内外学都对山姜属传统中药及其它药用植物,从品种鉴定及以及活性成分的筛选等方面进行了深入的研究。     

3味山姜属中药黄酮类成分对大鼠环核苷酸水平及交感神经-肾上腺轴的影响

目的：观察高良姜、大高良姜、红豆蔻黄酮类成分对胃溃疡寒证大鼠环核苷酸水平及交感神经-肾上腺轴的影响,探讨3味山姜属中药温热药性的物质基础。方法：采用灌服冰知母水煎液与15%冰乙酸制备大鼠胃溃疡寒证模型,以干姜姜辣素为阳性对照,采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）法测定腺苷酸环化酶（AC）、磷酸二酯酶2（PDE2）、环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）、环磷酸鸟苷（cGMP）、促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）、多巴胺β羟化酶（D-β-H）含量。结果：与空白组比较,胃溃疡寒证模型组大鼠胃组织AC、cAMP含量及cAMP/cGMP比值显著降低,PDE2含量显著升高（P<0.01）。与模型组比较,高良姜、大高良姜、红豆蔻高低剂量组大鼠胃组织AC含量升高;高良姜、大高良姜、红豆蔻高低剂量组大鼠胃组织PDE2含量显著降低,cAMP含量、cAMP/cGMP比值显著升高（P<0.01或P<0.05）。结论：3味山姜属中药黄酮类成分通过调节胃溃疡寒证大鼠环核苷酸水平从而促进交感神经-肾上腺轴功能活动的作用,也体现出黄酮类成分药性温热。     

高良姜根茎叶挥发油化学成分的比较

采用ＧＣ－ＭＳ－计算机联用技术从高良姜根、茎叶挥发油中分别鉴定出２４、２１和１６种化学成分，其中有１３种成分为３个部位所共有。但根、茎、叶的含油量及同一成分在不同部位的含量差异较大。     

川芎、高良姜等挥发油的水蒸汽蒸馏法和超临界流体萃取法比较研究

目的:确定川芎、高良姜、片姜黄和羌活的挥发油提取最佳条件.方法:用水蒸汽蒸馏法和超临界流体萃取的方法提取挥发油.结果:(1)水蒸汽蒸馏法提取挥发油的最佳条件确定为:川芎:浸泡时间12h,粉末粒度细,提取时间3h,加水比1:10;高良姜:浸泡时间0h,粉末粒度粗,提取时间3h,加水比1:10;片姜黄:浸泡时间24h,粉末粒度中,提取时间1.5h,加水比1:5;羌活:浸泡时间0h,粉末粒度粗,提取时间3h,加水比1:10.(2)超临界流体萃取法提取挥发油的最佳条件确定为:川芎:温度为60℃,粉末粒度细,压力25MPa,提取时间1.5h;高良姜:温度为60℃,粉末粒度中,压力25MPa,提取时间0.5h;片姜黄:温度为60℃,粉末粒度细,压力20MPa,时间1h;羌活:温度为60℃,粉末粒度细,压力25MPa,提取时间1h.结论:超临界流体萃取法要优于水蒸汽蒸馏法.     

Antioxidant and Antifatigue Activities of Polygonatum Alte-lobatum Hayata Rhizomes in Rats

Polygonatum alte-lobatum Hayata, a rhizomatous perennial herb, belongs to the Liliaceae family and is endemic to Taiwan. We investigated the antioxidant and anti-fatigue activities of P. alte-lobatum in exercised rats. Levels of polyphenols, flavonoids and polysaccharides and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging activity were measured in extracts of P. alte-lobatum (EPA). Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups for 8-week treatment with vehicle (control) and low-, medium-, and high-dose EPA (LEPA, MEPA, HEPA; 0, 75, 150, and 375 mg/kg/day, respectively). Exercise performance was evaluated by exhaustive treadmill exercise time and by changes in body composition and biochemical variables at the end of the experiment. EPA contained polyphenols, flavonoids and polysaccharides, with polysaccharide content at least 26 times greater than that of polyphenols and flavonoids. Trend analysis revealed that EPA dose-dependently scavenged DPPH free radicals. EPA treatment dose-dependently increased endurance running time to exhaustion and superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant ability of blood. EPA dose-dependently decreased serum urea nitrogen and malondialdehyde levels after exercise. Hepatic glycogen content, an important energy source for exercise, was significantly increased with EPA treatment. EPA could be a potential agent with an anti-fatigue pharmacological function.     

高效液相色谱法测定白狼毒中月腺大戟素A的含量

目的 建立白狼毒药材中月腺大戟素A的含量测定方法.方法 采用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为Agilent Zorbax SB-C18 (4.6 mm× 150 mm,5 μm),流动相为乙腈∶0.1％甲酸水溶液=55∶45,等度洗脱,流速1.0mL·min-1,检测波长为290 nm,柱温25℃,进样量20 μ上L,运行时间为20 min.结果 月腺大戟素A与周围干扰峰达到基线分离,线性范围为4.545～227.3 μg·mL-1,相关系数r=0.999 9;日内、日间精密度均小于2％;平均回收率为(99.1±3.4)％(n=6),狼毒大戟2个批次药材及月腺大戟对照药材中月腺大戟素A含量分别为(56.73±1.09)、(18.98±2.11)及(235.2±2.4) μg/g(n=6).结论 该法简便快捷、测定结果准确,重复性好,可用于白狼毒药材中月腺大戟素A的含量测定.     

Anti-Periodontitis Effect of Ethanol Extracts of Alpinia Katsumadai Seeds

Oral microbes are intimately associated with many oral and systemic diseases. Ongoing research is seeking to elucidate drugs that prevent and treat microbial diseases. Various functions of Alpinia Katsumadai seed extracts have been reported such as their anti-viral, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-puritic, anti-emetic, and cytoprotective effects. Here, we investigated the anti-periodontitis effect of an ethanol extract of Alpinia Katsumadai seeds (EEAKSs) on dental plaque bacteria (DPB)-induced inflammation and bone resorption. DPB and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) were cultured and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was extracted. Prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) levels were estimated using ELISA. Cytotoxicity was also verified. Proteases were screened using a protease antibody array method. Osteoclastic bone resorption was also investigated. EEAKSs suppressed P. gingivalis growth on agar plates. LPS prepared from dental plaque bacteria (DPB-LPS) and P. gingivalis (PG-LPS) significantly increased PGE₂ and COX2 levels in immortalized gingival fibroblasts (IGFs), immortalized human oral keratinocytes (IHOKs), and RAW264.7 macrophage cells. However, DPB-LPS and PG-LPS-induced PGE₂ and COX-2 increases were effectively abolished by EEAKS treatment at non-cytotoxic concentrations. In the protease antibody array, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-3, MMP-7, kallikrein 10, cathepsin D, and cathepsin V levels were increased by PG-LPS stimulation. However, increases in protease levels except for cathepsin D were suppressed by EEAKS treatment. In addition, RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation was significantly inhibited by EEAKS treatment, leading to reductions in resorption pit formation. These results suggest that EEAKSs exerted a beneficial oral health effect to help prevent DPB-mediated periodontal disease.     

姜桂饮胶囊抗心肌缺血-再灌注损伤的生化机理研究

目的研究姜桂饮胶囊抗心肌缺血的生化机理。方法采用急性心肌缺血-再灌注动物模型,观察姜桂饮胶囊对心肌组织中生化指标的变化,以及对血栓形成、纤维蛋白溶解、凝血时间的影响。结果姜桂饮可提高缺血区心肌谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性,抑制丙二醛的含量升高,并可加快纤维蛋白溶解,抑制血小板凝集,延缓血栓形成。结论姜桂饮胶囊能够拮抗心肌缺血-再灌注损伤时氧自由基的产生,抑制血栓形成,对缺血心肌起到保护作用。