复方积雪草有效组分对人肾小管上皮细胞补体C3表达的影响

目的：探讨复方积雪草有效组分——积雪草苷／大黄素干预肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）诱导的人肾近曲小管上皮细胞（HPTEC）补体C3 mRNA及蛋白的表达水平。方法：采用HPTEC，模型组TNF-α 10ng／ml诱导，治疗组在TNF-α诱导的同时，以不同浓度的积雪草苷、大黄素以及积雪草苷合大黄素进行干预，于24h后分别提取细胞RNA及上清，应用逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT—PCR）和酶链免疫方法（ELISA）分别检测HPTEC C3 mRNA和蛋白的表达。结果：正常HPTEC具有C3 mRNA和蛋白表达，经TNF-α诱导后G表达明显上调，用不同浓度的积雪草苷、大黄素以及积雪草苷合大黄素干预后，C3 mRNA及蛋白水平表达出现不同程度的下调，呈一定的剂量依赖关系和协同作用。结论：复方积雪草有效组分能够抑制炎性细胞因子TNF-α上调所致的肾局部G过度产生。     

Antiulcer activity of Tinospora cordifolia Miers and Centella asiatica linn extracts

The ethanol extracts of the roots of T. cordifolia Miers and C. asiatica Linn were observed to induce a marked protective action against an 8 h restraint stress induced ulcerization, the activity being comparable to that of diazepam.     

车前子对高脂血症大鼠脂质过氧化的影响

目的 :　探讨车前子对高脂血症大鼠脂质过氧化的影响。方法 :　采用大鼠血清及多脏器组织 ,观察车前子对高脂血症大鼠脂质过氧化的影响。结果 :　高脂对照组血清和心肌超氧化物歧化酶 ( SOD)活性显著降低 ,而脂质过氧化物 ( LPO)含量明显升高 ,血清和肝脏的过氧化氢酶( CAT)、谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶 ( GSH-Px)活性明显降低。补充车前子后显著升高血清及心肌组织SOD活性 2 2 %和 2 8% ,以及肝脏 GSH-Px活性 2 2 %。而使血清及心肌的 LPO含量分别下降 3 2 %和 1 7%。结论 :　 1 5 g/kg车前子可提高高脂血症大鼠体内抗氧化能力并免受自由基损伤     

积雪草总苷对小鼠抑郁行为和脑内氨基酸含量的影响

目的：采用小鼠强迫游泳抑郁症模型，观察积雪草总苷的抗抑作用。方法：昆明种小鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型组、阳性对照丙咪嗪组和积雪草总苷组，分析药物对小鼠强迫游泳不动时间及脑内氨基酸含量的影响。结果：丙咪嗪组和积雪草总苷低、中、高3个剂量能够显著缩短小鼠强迫游泳不动时间，改善强迫游泳所致小鼠脑内氨基酸含量的失调。结论：积雪草总苷具有抗抑郁活性。     

大孔吸附树脂对桃叶珊瑚苷分离效果的研究

目的:优选分离车前草全草中桃叶珊瑚苷的大孔树脂.方法:将车前草粗提液置大孔树脂中吸附,并以水、50%和70%乙醇分别洗脱,用紫外分光光度法测定各洗脱液中桃叶珊瑚苷含量.结果:D100、D101、D140、D141、D19和D301R 6种型号大孔树脂效果差异较大.结论:D141和D301R型大孔树脂能较好的富集桃叶珊瑚苷.     

高效液相色谱法测定飞龙掌血中异茴芹香豆素含量

目的 :用高效液相色谱法对苗药飞龙掌血中异茴芹香豆素含量进行测定。方法 :采用HypersilC₁₈柱为分析柱 ,以甲醇 水 (70∶30 )为流动相 ,检测波长 306nm。结果 :线性范围 0.00420～0.420 μg ,平均回收率 99.7% ,RSD =2.8%。结论 :本法简便、准确、重现性好 ,可用于飞龙掌血中异茴芹香豆素的含量测定。     

Black cohosh extracts and powders induce micronuclei,a biomarker of genetic damage,in human cells

Black cohosh extract (BCE) is a widely used dietary supplement marketed to women to alleviate symptoms of gynecological ailments, yet its toxicity has not been well characterized. The National Toxicology Program (NTP) previously reported significant increases in micronucleated erythrocytes in peripheral blood of female Wistar Han rats and B6C3F1/N mice administered 15–1,000 mg BCE/kg/day by gavage for 90 days. These animals also developed a dose‐dependent nonregenerative macrocytic anemia characterized by clinical changes consistent with megaloblastic anemia. Both micronuclei (MN) and megaloblastic anemia can arise from disruption of the folate metabolism pathway. The NTP used in vitro approaches to investigate whether the NTP's test lot of BCE, BCEs from various suppliers, and root powders from BC and other cohosh species, were genotoxic in general, and to gain insight into the mechanism of action of BCE genotoxicity. Samples were tested in human TK6 lymphoblastoid cells using the In Vitro MicroFlow® MN assay. The NTP BCE and a BC extract reference material (XRM) were tested in the MultiFlow^® DNA Damage assay, which assesses biomarkers of DNA damage, cell division, and cytotoxicity. The NTP BCE and several additional BCEs were tested in bacterial mutagenicity assays. All samples induced MN when cells were grown in physiological levels of folic acid. The NTP BCE and BC XRM produced activity patterns consistent with an aneugenic mode of action. The NTP BCE and five additional BCEs were negative in bacterial mutagenicity tests. These findings show that black cohosh preparations induce chromosomal damage and may pose a safety concern. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 59:416–426, 2018. © 2018 Published 2018. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.     

云贵两省三地带绦虫的分子鉴定--核糖体DNA第一内转录间隔区(ITS1)限制性酶切片段长度多态性(RFLP)分析

目的用PCR-RFLP方法对rDNA-ITS1片段进行分析,以进一步明确云贵地区是否存在牛带绦虫亚洲亚种,并建立一种快速鉴定方法. 方法 取贵州都匀株(DY)、贵州从江株(CJ)、云南大理株(DL)带绦虫及台湾株(TW)成虫标本,剪取孕节,抽提DNA,PCR扩增rDNA- ITS1片段,分别用4种限制性内切酶MspI、CfoI、AluI、RsaI对扩增片段作酶切分析. 结果 PCR产物经AluI、RsaI酶切后, TW、DL、DY和CJ株RFLP图谱一致;经MspI、CfoI酶切后,TW、DL和DY株RFLP图谱一致,CJ株显著不同. 结论 1)DL和DY株与TW株同属牛带绦虫亚洲亚种;而CJ株是传统牛带绦虫;2)rDNA-ITS1的PCR-RFLP分析方法简便,可以用于带绦虫的分类学研究.     

积雪草颗粒对UUO大鼠肾组织CTGF、α-SMA、HGF、MCP-1表达的影响

目的:探讨积雪草对单侧输尿管梗阻(UUO)大鼠肾组织结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)、α-肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、肝细胞生长因子(HGF)、单核细胞趋化蛋白(MCP-1)-1表达的影响,为临床上应用积雪草延缓肾衰竭提供依据。方法:50只雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、积雪草大剂量组、积雪草小剂量组、对照(福辛普利)组。每组10只,除假手术组外均成功建立UUO大鼠模型,术后21 d腹主动脉采血,检测肝、肾功能的变化;免疫组化检测CTGF、α-SMA、HGF、MCP-1的表达部位及含量。结果:模型组CTGF、α-SMA、MCP-1的表达高于假手术组(P<0.01),药物干预组指标低于模型组(P<0.01);药物干预组HGF含量显著高于模型组(P<0.01);其中积雪草大剂量组的表达高于小剂量组(P<0.01),但与福辛普利组相似(P>0.05)。药物干预组BUN水平下降,Scr、ALT、AST变化不明显。结论:积雪草可通过上调UUO大鼠肾组织HGF的表达,抑制UUO大鼠肾组织CTGF、α-SMA、MCP-1表达而实现其抗肾小管间质纤维化(TIF)的作用,大剂量组与福辛普利组作用相似,且没有明显的肝肾毒性。     

Effects of black cohosh on estrogen biosynthesis in normal breast tissue in vitro

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of black cohosh on the estrogen biosynthesis in the breast in vitro. METHODS: Steroid sulfatase (STS) activity was studied in normal breast tissue obtained from pre- and postmenopausal women undergoing reduction mammoplasty. STS protein expression was studied by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Breast tissue was incubated in vitro without or with black cohosh (iCR) at concentrations ranging from 0.1mg/ml to 1 ng/ml. STS activity was evaluated by incubating homogenized breast tissue with [3H]-estrone sulfate, separating the formed products, estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2), by thin layer chromatography and measuring the amounts of E1 and E2 by scintillation counting. RESULTS: STS protein expression and enzymatic activity were detected in all specimens investigated. In all groups, significantly more E1 than E2 was produced. Local estrogen formation was decreased in premenopausal breast tissue by treatment with iCR at 0.1mg/ml (p相似文献