不同规格怀牛膝不同极性部位HPLC指纹图谱

目的研究并比较不同规格怀牛膝不同极性部位的HPLC指纹图谱,探索其内部质量差异,为该药材的规格标准完善及临床用药提供参考。方法将怀牛膝用体积分数75%乙醇水浴回流提取,得体积分数75%乙醇回流提取物,用40 mL水溶解后,依次用石油醚、三氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇进行萃取,得到各萃取相及萃取后的水相,浓缩至浸膏,采集各部位HPLC指纹图谱;运用相似度、综合聚类法进行数据分析,同时对其不同部位的指纹图谱进行比对分析。结果石油醚、氯仿部位均标定了11个共有峰,乙酸乙酯部位标定了10个共有峰,正丁醇部位标定了19个共有峰,水部位标定8个共有峰;氯仿部位指纹图谱相似度差异较大,其他部位指纹图谱相似度差异较小,均在0.9以上;石油醚部位指纹图谱差异主要体现在峰高,乙酸乙酯部位、氯仿部位、水部位的化学成分种类及峰高均存在差异;综合聚类分析能将不同规格怀牛膝区分开。结论不同规格怀牛膝内部质量存在差异;实验中所建立的HPLC指纹图谱可以全面反映不同规格怀牛膝的化学成分分布,为不同规格怀牛膝的整体质量评价提供参考。     

Effect of ozone exposure on allergic sensitization and airway inflammation induced by dendritic cells

BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies suggest that ozone exposure is related to increased asthma symptoms. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the principal antigen-presenting cells in the airways. OBJECTIVE: We have examined whether ambient doses of ozone (100 ppb for 2 h) enhance allergic sensitization and/or airway inflammation in a mouse model. METHODS: C57BL/6 mice were sensitized to inhaled ovalbumin (OVA) by intratracheal instillation of OVA-pulsed DCs on day 0. Daily exposure to OVA aerosol on days 14-20 resulted in an eosinophilic airway inflammation, as reflected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung histology. In a first experiment, mice were exposed to ozone or room air immediately prior to and following sensitization. Subsequently, we tested the effect of ozone exposure during antigen challenge in DC-sensitized mice. RESULTS: Exposure to ozone during sensitization did not influence airway inflammation after subsequent allergen challenge. In contrast, in sensitized mice, challenge with OVA together with ozone (days 14-20) resulted in enhanced airway eosinophilia and lymphocytosis, as compared with mice exposed to OVA and room air (1.91 x 106 +/- 0.46 x 106 vs. 0.16 x 106 +/- 0.06 x 106 eosinophils/mL lavage fluid; P = 0.015; 0.49 x 106 +/- 0.11 x 106 vs. 0.08 x 106 +/- 0.03 x 106 lymphocytes/mL lavage fluid; P = 0.004). Ozone exposure without subsequent OVA exposure did not cause airway inflammation. CONCLUSION: Ozone exposure does not increase allergic sensitization but enhances antigen-induced airway inflammation in mice that are sensitized via the airways.     

基于Group-Lasso天麻品质形成关键因子的分析

目的 为提高人工种植天麻的质量,基于Group-Lasso变量筛选构建随机森林回归模型分析影响天麻品质形成的关键因子。方法 基于Group-Lasso法,对2007—2022年天麻质量研究文献中天麻素含量及产地环境变量等数据进行变量筛选,并在筛选出的变量基础上建立随机森林回归模型及计算变量重要性得分。结果 最终选择了产区、生长状况、种质类型、产地气候类型、产地土壤类型、最热月均温、产地年降水量、产地年日照时数和无霜期9个变量,基于被选变量与天麻素含量建立随机森林回归模型,模型的均方误差（mean square error,MSE）和平均绝对百分误差（mean absolute percentage error,MAPE）分别为0.103 2和14.08%,特征重要性排序显示天麻素含量的最大影响因素是产地年降水量,其次是产地土壤类型、无霜期和产地年日照时数。结论 随机森林回归模型有相对较低的误差和较高的预估精度,更适合用于对天麻种植环境的分析和天麻素含量的估算,为人工种植天麻提供参考。     

高效液相色谱法测定天麻中L-焦谷氨酸的含量

应用ＨＰＬＣ法对没来源和加工方法不同的天麻Ｇａｓｔｒｏｄｉａ ｅｌａｔａ Ｂｌ,中Ｌ－焦谷氨酸成分进行了定量分析。结果显示Ｌ－焦谷氨酸在天麻中的含量因产地、栽培方法和加工方法的不同而有差异。野生比家种、鲜品比干品的Ｌ－焦谷氨酸含量高。     

牛膝中酸性三萜皂苷成分的分离与鉴定

目的研究中药牛膝中的三萜皂苷类成分.方法采用大孔树脂、硅胶、ODS柱色谱分离纯化,经理化常数、光谱学方法鉴定结构.结果分离得到了6个化合物,鉴定了其中的两个,结构分别为3-O-[2′-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-3′-O-(2″-羟基-1″-羧乙氧基羧丙基)]-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸基齐墩果酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(牛膝皂苷Ⅰ)和齐墩果酸3-O-[3′-O-(2″-羟基-1″-羧乙氧基羧丙基)]-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(牛膝皂苷Ⅱ).结论牛膝皂苷Ⅰ和Ⅱ均为首次从牛膝中得到.     

血府逐瘀汤治疗髋关节置换术后非感染性发热

[目的]探讨髋关节置换术后非感染性发热的防治。[方法]应用血府逐瘀汤加减辨证论治。[结果]43例患者体温恢复正常,其中36例在3天内体温恢复正常。[结论]该方法对髋关节置换术后非感染性发热有较好作用。     

怀牛膝化学成分的研究

目的 对怀牛膝(Achyranthes bidentata B1．)的化学成分进行分离、鉴定。方法 采用硅胶柱色谱等分离手段；利用理化性质与波谱技术对化合物进行鉴定。结果 得到7个化合物，经鉴定为β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol，1)，豆甾醇(stigmasterol，2)，齐墩果酸(oleanolic acid，3)，胡萝卜苷(daucosteml，4)，竹节参皂苷-1(PJS-1，5)，正丁基-β-D-吡喃果糖苷(n-butyl-β-D-fructopyranoside，6)，β-蜕皮甾酮(ecdystemne，7)。结论 化合物2、3为首次从怀牛膝中分离得到。     

RP-HPLC测定天麻中天麻素的含量

目的 建立RP-HPLC测定天麻中天麻素含量的分析方法。方法 优化药材的提取及色谱的分析方法得分离良好的色谱图,外标法定量。色谱柱:Hypersil ODS色谱柱(4.6×250 mm);流动相:甲醇-0.1％冰醋酸水溶液(5:95);检测波长:270 nm。结果 色谱图中12个峰均可用其进行准确定量,其中天麻素含量测定的线性范围为0.60~2.41μg(r=0.999 9),平均加样回收率为97.85％,RSD=1.17％(n=5)。结论 本方法简便,准确,重现性好,可用于天麻中天麻素的含量测定,同时也可用于其它水溶性成分的定量。     

The mammary gland is a sensitive pubertal target in CD-1 and C57Bl/6 mice following perinatal perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) exposure

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a developmental toxicant in mice, with varied strain outcomes depending on dose and period of exposure. The impact of PFOA on female mouse pubertal development at low doses (≤1 mg/kg) has yet to be determined. Therefore, female offspring from CD-1 and C57Bl/6 dams exposed to PFOA, creating serum concentrations similar to humans, were examined for pubertal onset, including mammary gland development. Pups demonstrated a shorter PFOA elimination half-life than that reported for adult mice. Prenatal exposure to PFOA caused significant mammary developmental delays in female offspring in both strains. Delays started during puberty and persisted into young adulthood; severity was dose-dependent. Also an evaluation of female serum hormone levels and pubertal timing onset revealed no effects of PFOA compared to controls in either strain. These data suggest that the mammary gland is more sensitive to early low level PFOA exposures compared to other pubertal endpoints, regardless of strain.