医院重大建设工程项目全过程跟踪审计成果转化探析

以湛江中心人民医院迁建工程项目为例,剖析项目全过程跟踪审计的各层级关系和作用。医院重大建设工程项目审计成果的生成和转化,要以国家审计为主导、社会审计为补充、内部审计为保障,齐抓共管,闭环整改,达到全过程跟踪审计的预期效果。     

白求恩医科大学十年科研项目概况分析

对白求恩医科大学１９８８－１９９７年间各顷主管部门批准的科研项目及经费情况进行了分析,并与国内其它９所部属院校１９８８－１９９７年间获准国家自然科学基金情况进行了比较。     

Progetto ATENA,A study on the etiology of major chronic diseases in women: Design,rationale and objectives

In spite of their important impact on populations, a number of diseases - all types of cancer and coronary heart disease in women - are rare events for statistical analysis and often analyzed in designs affected by selection and information biases, such as case-control studies. Large cohort studies based on the storage of biological specimens appear to be the most suitable solution for identifying risks for those diseases.Progetto ATENA, a study on the etiology of major chronic diseases in women is based on this design. Ten thousand women, aged 30–69 years, living in the area of the city of Naples, free of cancer and cardiovascular disease, are being recruited over a four-year period. Ten per cent of the cohort is being randomly selected from the electoral roles, the rest will be volunteers.Information on dietary habits, reproductive history, familiarity for chronic disease, active smoking habits and passive smoking exposure, physical activity, and socio-demographic data are being collected. Clinical data such as blood pressure, anthropometry, and electrocardiogram are also taken. All the participants provide biological samples of blood (fasting drawing) and urine (timed morning spot). The biological samples are processed in order to explore the main areas under study (nutritional markers, metabolism, endocrinology, genetics, environmental exposure markers, thrombogenesis). The samples are stored in liquid nitrogen (–196° C) as soon as the blood and urine processing have been finished. An appropriate follow-up information system on the health status of the participants is being set up to estimate incidence and mortality rates.Corresponding author.     

近5年国家自然科学基金资助耳鼻咽喉科学研究结题分析及成果简介

This paper reviewed and analyzed the 72 fulfilled projects in the discipline of Otorhinolar-yngology supported in division Ⅱ of basic research of clinical medicine by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China (NSFC) from year 2002 to 2006, and gave a brief introduction to the part of research a-chievements. The science foundation promotes Otorhinolaryngology to a quick development, and produces some outstanding research achievements with international recognition. Thus, it plays an important role in el-evating the level of discipline and bringing up specialists. According to the retrospection and analysis of the fulfilled projects and their research achievements, we hope it can objective and overall reflect research pro-gress in the field of Otorhinolaryngology, and offer as a reference to the relevant researchers and scientific re-search managers.     

Efecto de la estrategia de promoción de salud escolar Forma Joven

Objective

To evaluate the impact of the Youth Form Strategy (EFJ, Estrategia Forma Joven) on the attitudes and behaviours of students in the fourth year of compulsory secondary school in Seville, Spain.

粘性弹力绷带结合“8”字包扎法在腋臭术后护理中的应用

目的:探讨将粘性弹力绷带与传统"8"字包扎法结合在腋臭术后护理中的应用效果。方法:选取135例行小切口大汗腺切除术治疗的腋臭患者,采用粘性弹力绷带结合传统"8"字加压包扎的方法进行术后换药及护理,分析护理效果。结果:134例患者术后恢复良好,无血肿及血清肿形成,1例患者出现局部皮肤坏死。结论:对于腋臭术后的护理,粘性弹力绷带结合"8"字包扎是一种简单有效的方法。     

应用PDCA循环法提高急诊检验项目全程TAT达标率

目的应用PDCA循环法缩短急诊项目的全程结果回报时间(TAT)。方法回顾性分析2017年1-12月(PDCA循环法实施前)深圳市罗湖医院集团妇科、产科急诊项目[血常规、凝血、离子七项、血人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)+孕酮]的TAT未达标率。2018年应用PDCA管理工具,绘制鱼骨图分析原因、柏拉图真因确定、甘特图制订计划,利用5W1H法制订对策,并进行对策实施。同时,购置仪器、人员培训、规范化工作流程、加强临床沟通协调。对2017年1-12月(实施前)与2018年1-6月(实施后)的急诊报告时间达标率进行比较。结果2018年1—6月,急诊项目血常规、凝血、离子七项、血HCG+孕酮申请至采样时间达标率较2017年1—12月分别上升了4.89%、4.53%、6.94%、3.63%;采样至核收时间达标率分别上升了13.33%、13.57%、37.1%、13.95%;核收至发送时间达标率分别上升了20.85%、5.96%、5.01%、6.31%。应用PDCA前后申请至采样时间、采样至核收时间、核收至发送时间,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=11.325、19.569、5.301,P<0.001)。结论应用PDCA循环法对急诊检验项目TAT达标率进行质量改进、人员培训、标准化交接班制度制订,优化标本送检流程,标本高峰期增加运送人员,保障检测仪器的质量,进一步完善了信息系统,加强了与临床的沟通、协调,可以提高急诊项目全程TAT达标率,有效缩短结果TAT。     

Effects of testing style on language scores of four‐year‐old low‐income ‘control’ children in intervention projects 1

Language scores on the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Achievement (ITPA) attained by untreated disadvantaged four year olds were examined as a function of project testing style. In the Family Development Research Program (FDRP) an optimal testing style maximized child comfort, and permitted multiple visits to complete assessment. Despite the level of poverty and disadvantage of the preschoolers, FDRP children were significantly more likely than preschoolers from other intervention projects to achieve normal and near normal scores on subtests of ITPA.

Implicationsas of differences in testing style for understanding program effectiveness are drawn and suggestions are given for maximizing children's test performance.

     

Differences in outcomes between the JoyBar control and standard wheelchair joystick control on two maneuverability tasks: a pilot study

Purpose: To determine if older adult, novice wheelchair users who drive a power wheelchair with a JoyBar control complete maneuverability tasks in less time and with less error than those who drive a power wheelchair with a standard joystick control.

Materials and methods: A parallel randomized controlled trial design conducted at a medical rehabilitation and research centre with ambulatory older adults aged 60 and above (n?=?27). The intervention was the JoyBar alternative wheelchair control. The primary outcome measure was total time to complete each of the two maneuverability tasks. The secondary outcome measure was total number of errors during each of the maneuverability tasks.

Results: An independent, two sampled t-test was conducted and revealed that the JoyBar group took a greater amount of time to complete both maneuverability tasks than the control group (p?p?Conclusions: Maneuverability of a powered wheelchair by novice wheelchair users was not improved through the use of the JoyBar when compared to a standard wheelchair joystick, as measured by rates of error and time to complete maneuverability tasks.

• Implications for rehabilitation

• Clients who are new to powered wheelchair use may perform maneuverability tasks faster, with equivalent accuracy, using a standard joystick versus the JoyBar.

• Clients who use a JoyBar may require adjustments to the programming of their wheelchair to ensure optimal performance.

• Additional training may be required to achieve proficiency in maneuverability tasks with a JoyBar versus a standard joystick.

     

Fluoride in drinking water and diet: the causative factor of chronic kidney diseases in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka

A significant number of people in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka suffer from chronic kidney diseases (CKD), and the author revisits existing literature related to CKD to find its causative factor. There is a direct connection between high fluoride levels in drinking water and kidney disease, and there are unhealthy levels of fluoride in the groundwater in Sri Lanka’s CKD-affected areas. Based on the following observations, the author believes with confidence that excess fluoride in drinking water and in the locally grown food in the affected areas are the culprits of CKD in Sri Lanka.

• Fluoride excretion rate is considerably lower in children than adults, leading to renal damage of children living in areas with high fluoride.
• Adults who had renal damage due to fluoride in childhood are vulnerable to CKD with continued consumption of water from the same source.
• Patients with chronic renal insufficiency are at an increased risk of chronic fluoride toxicity.
• High content of fluoride in groundwater paves the way to excess fluoride in local food crops, consequently adding more fluoride to the systems of the consumers.
• People who work outdoors for prolonged periods consume excess water and tea, and are subjected to additional doses of fluoride in their system.
• In the mid-1980s, the increase in water table levels of the affected areas due to new irrigation projects paved the way to adding more fluorides to their system through drinking water and locally grown foods.