氯代甲烷烃类混合蒸气对机体免疫功能影响的研究

氯代甲烷烃类混合蒸气对机体免疫功能影响的研究王泽甫，向维君，王林，廖向东四川省劳动卫生职业病防治研究所６１００４１陈国栋，缪以懋自贡市卫生防疫站６４３０００氯代甲烷烃类化合物对中枢神经系统和肝、肾均有损害作用［１－６］，对机体免疫功能也有影响［７－９...     

氮杂双环中烯丙基区域性重排反应

以Ｌ－脯氨酸为原料，经四步反应得到Ｎ－烯丙基－１－酮基氮杂双环［４．３．０］壬烷溴化物和Ｎ－烯丙基－１－酮基氮杂双环［５．３．０］癸烷溴化物，它们在强碱作用下发生［２，３］－σ重排，生成９－烯丙基－１－酮基氮杂双环［４．３．０］壬烷和１０－烯丙基－１－酮基氮杂双环［５．３．０］癸烷。提出了可能的反应机理。     

荧光分光光度法测定水产品中烷烃类、芳烃类污染物

目的：对使用荧光分光光度法测定水产品中烷烃类、芳烃类污染物的方法进行验证,并检测三类样品。方法：通过氢氧化钠-乙醇皂化处理,用正已烷萃取,用石油醚溶解,测量萃取物荧光强度值进行定量。结果：测得标准油在0.00～12.0μg/ml范围内线性关系良好,相关系数0.9999,检出限为0.2 mg/kg,平均回收率90.2%,RSD5.4%。结论：本法准确度、灵敏度高,检出限低,操作稳定性好。     

影响柴油低温流动改进剂作用的因素

考察了柴油对流动改进剂的感受性与柴油正构烷烃含量、正构烷烃分布等因素的关系。流动改进剂的作用与正构烷烃含量有最佳匹配点。柴油中正构烷烃的平均碳数减少,冷滤点越低。柴油中正构烷烃的分布与流动改进剂的熔点匹配时,改进剂的效果最好。由此进一步分析了柴油流动改进剂的作用机理。     

南阳五种石油蜡的组成与晶体结构

采用气相色谱法（GC）、差示扫描量热法（DSC）和X射线衍射法（XRD）等手段,研究了南阳常三线、常四线、减一线、减二线蜡下油和减三线蜡下油经酮苯脱蜡、脱油得到的5种蜡(A、B、C、D、E)的组成和晶体结构。结果表明：蜡A、B、C中正构烷烃质量分数在90%以上,蜡D、E中正构烷烃质量分数分别为65%和30%左右。蜡B出现1个固 固转变,蜡A、C、D、E存在2个固 固转变。在常温下,蜡B为正交晶体,蜡A、D、E为六方晶体,蜡C为正交晶体与六方晶体两相共存。     

药用定量吸入气雾剂中氟里昂抛射剂替代的研究进展

氯氟烷烃（CFC）即氟里昂,因对臭氧层的破坏和温室效应而导致禁用,以其为抛射剂的药用吸入气雾剂将于2010年全面退出中国市场.国外对CFC替代的研究已有20年,并有一系列品种上市,而国内在该方面的研究几乎为空白.本文综述TCFC的替代概况、替代抛射剂氢氟烷烃的理化性质、气雾剂处方的影响因素、制剂的疗效和安全性等.     

全氟辛烷磺酸对大鼠仔鼠学习记忆能力的影响

Objective To study the effects of prenatal and postnatal perfluorooetane sulfonate (PFOS) exposure on spatial learning and memory, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 2B (NR2B) mRNA and protein level in frontal cortex and hippoeampus of rat pups and to explore the mechanism of developmental neurotoxicity induced by PFOS. Methods Twenty-eight pregnant mrs were randomly divided into three groups in proportion of 3: 2: 2,including control group (C), low dose group (L) and high dose group (H) by means of randomized number table, which respectively received 0,7.2, 14.4 mg/kg PFOS feed from pregnancy day 0 to postnatal day(PND)30 by free feedings. The animal models of prenatal and postnatal non-exposure (CC), prenatal exposure (LC and HC), postnatal exposure (CL and CH), and prenatal and postnatal exposure (LL and HH) to PFOS were established by cross-fostering method. The spatial learning and memory were measured by water maze experiment,the NR2B mRNA levels in frontal cortex of rat pups was determined with semi-quantitative RT-PCR, NR2B protein express in cerebral cortex (frontal and tempera]cortex) and hippocampus (CAI, CA3, CA4 and DG regions) of rat pups was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results The escape latency of CL, CH, LL and HH groups pups in water maze experiment were (99. 83±25.77) s, (111.30±17. 82) s, (106. 40±18. 71) s, (107.70±16. 85) s, and longer as compared with CC group[(54.90±26.69)s](q value were 4.349,4.773,6.026 and 5.641, respectively,P<0. 01). The number of errors of HH group rat pups entering dead end was (22. 30±7.56) at the training day 4,and it was significantly higher than that of CC group (9. 80±4. 64) (q=5. 173,P<0. 01). The NR2B mRNA levels of frontal cortex of pups in HC group at PND1 ,and LC group, HC group and HH group at PND14 were (0. 167±0. 008), (0. 364±0. 035), (0. 341±0. 030) and (0. 328±0. 045) respectively,which were significantly lower than CC group (0.271±0.060) and (0.465±0.067) (q values were 3. 547, 3. 739, 4. 597 and 5. 006, respectively, P<0.05) . The results of immunohistochemistry indicated that NR2B protein express of the hippocampus CA1 region of pups in LC group was (0.091±0.005),and showed significant lower than CC group which was (0. 123±0.009) at PND1 (q=5. 209 ,P<0. 05). At PND14, the effect of PFOS extended to cerebral cortex and hippocampus regions. At PND28, the effects of PFOS were showed in hippocampus CA1, CA3 and temporal cortex regions. Conclusion Prenatal and postnatal exposure to PFOS should result in the spatial learning and memory damage,and the mechanism might be possibly involved in the decrease of NR2B level in cerebra lcortex and hippocampal formation regions.     

华黄芪化学成分的研究

从华黄芪中分得３个化合物，经化学反应和光谱鉴定，它们分别是二十八烷烃，胡萝卜甙，山奈酚，均为首次从该植物中得到。     

分子的拓扑与饱和链烷烃的临界体积

用图论的方法研究了饱和链烷烃的临界体积与分子结构间的关系，发现临界体积随结构的变化与Ｗｉｅｎｅｒ指数和极性数密切相关，从而建立了它们间的关系式。据此能由饱和链烷烃的分子结构预测其临界体积。对Ｃ＿４～Ｃ＿９４２个异构烷烃的检验结果表明，计算值与实验值的平均相对偏差为１．７６％，可与Ｐｅｒｒｙ和Ｗｈｉｔｅ提出的方法相比拟。