两种化疗方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的对比观察

目的比较化疗方案GP(吉西他滨和顺铂)和IVP(异环磷酰胺、长春地辛和顺铂)治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效和毒性.方法将62例晚期NSCLC患者随机分成两组,治疗组30例,采用GP方案:吉西他滨1000 mg/m^2第1、第8 d静脉滴注,顺铂80 mg/m^2第1 d静脉滴注,4周为一周期;对照组32例,采用IVP方案:异环磷酰胺1200 mg/m^2第1～第3 d静脉滴注,长春地辛2.5 mg/m^2第1、第8 d静脉推注,顺铂80 mg/m^2第1 d静脉滴注,4周为一周期.2个周期后评价其疗效及毒性.结果治疗组无一例完全缓解,部分缓解6例,总有效率20.0%;对照组亦无一例完全缓解,部分缓解8例,总有效率25.0%.两组无统计学差异(P＞0.05),但治疗组毒性小于对照组.结论双药化疗方案GP治疗NSCLC的疗效不低于三药方案IVP,且毒副作用轻微,更易为晚期肺癌患者所接受.     

长春地辛、吡柔比星、环磷酰胺、地塞米松联合治疗非霍奇金淋巴瘤的疗效观察

目的观察应用长春地辛(VDS)、吡柔比星(THP)、环磷酰胺(CTX)、地塞米松(DXM)联合治疗非霍奇金淋巴瘤的疗效及不良反应。方法患者予以VDS 2.5 mg.m-2,d1,8;THP 25 mg.m-2,d1,8;CTX 0.6 g.m-2,d1,8;DXM 10 mg.d-1,d1-10。28 d重复,2个疗程予以评价。结果总有效率(CR PR)为82.1%,不良反应为血液毒性,经G-CSF治疗可恢复,未见明显的外周神经毒性。结论VDS、THP、CTX和DXM联合治疗淋巴瘤安全有效。     

影响MVP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效的因素分析

目的：探讨可预测MVP方案（丝裂霉素，长春酰胺，顺铂）治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）疗效的指标。方法：用MVP方案治疗晚期NSCLC96例，回顾性分析了影响化疗疗效的因素。结果：KPS≥80分，初治，腺癌，单一部位转移，无骨骼转移。无贫血患者的有效率分别是43．9％，42．5％，40．6％，44．4％，37．5％，42．1％，明显高于KPS60－70分，复治，鳞癌，两个以上部位转移，有骨骼转移以及贫血患者。结论：一般状况，既往治疗，组织学类型，转移部位数目以及有无骨骼转移，贫血可作为预测MVP方案疗效的指标。     

NP与MVP方案对复治的晚期非小细胞肺癌近期疗效

目的：评价含顺铂的联合方案NP与MVP对复治的晚期非小细胞肺癌的近期疗效。方法：106例晚期非小细胞肺癌随机被分为两组。NP组48例，其中Ⅲb期12例，Ⅳ期26例，鳞癌12例，腺癌30例，鳞腺混合型6例，采用诺维本25mg/m^2静脉推注，第1，8天；顺铂90mg/m^2静脉滴注，第1天（配合水化）。MVP组58例，其中Ⅲb期8例，Ⅳ期50例，鳞癌14例，腺癌36例，鳞腺混合型8例，采用丝裂霉素6mg/m^2静脉推注，第1天；VDS 3mg/m^2静脉推注，第1，8天；顺铂90mg/m^2,静脉滴注，第1天（配合水化）。两方案均为每3周为1周期，治疗2周期后评价疗效与毒副反应。结果：NP组有效率（RR）为37．5％，MVP组RR为31．0％，差异无显著性（P＞0．05）。腺癌疗效比鳞癌稍好，主要毒副反应为骨髓抑制、消化道反应、周围神经毒性及静脉炎。目前均能采取相应的防治措施。结论：NP与MVP方案均为治疗非小细胞肺癌的第一线治疗方案，也适用于复治的晚期非小细胞肺癌，更适用于基层医院的治疗。     

Glutathione synthetase deficient human fibroblasts in culture

Cultured skin fibroblasts from patients with 5-oxoprolinuria caused by hereditary deficiency of glutathione synthetase have decreased levels of the corresponding enzyme as well as of glutathione. Fibroblasts from the same patients accumulated gamma-glutamyl cysteine, but the levels were lower than those of glutathione in control fibroblasts. The uptake of [35S]cystine was equally rapid in control and patient fibroblasts. In the acid-soluble fraction gamma-glutamyl-[35S]cysteine accumulated in fibroblasts from patients but not from controls. Appreciable turnover of gamma-glutamyl cysteine and glutathione in the respective cell strains was observed, the half-lives of these pools being approximately 5 hours. The growth rate of mutant fibroblasts in culture was significantly slower than that of control fibroblasts. There was no significant accumulation of 5-oxoproline in the culture medium.     

Phase II study of vindesine in disseminated squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix: an EORTC Gynecological cancer Cooperative Group study

Abstract. Vermorken JB, Landoni F, Pecorelli S, Piccart MJ, van derBurg MEL, ten Bokkel Huinink WW, George M, Greggi S, Rotmensz N. Phase II study of vindesine in disseminated squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix: an EORTC Gynecological Cancer Cooperative Group study. Int J Gynecol Cancer 1991; 1 : 248–252.
Twenty-nine patients with disseminated squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix were treated with a 3 mg/m² weekly i.v. bolus schedule of vindesine for 6 weeks (thereafter every 2 weeks). Twenty-seven patients were evaluable for response, 19 of whom had received prior chemotherapy (14 also vincristine). Five of the 27 patients (19%) showed a partial response, all being part of the 22 patients with only distant metastases. No objective response were observed among five patients who also had loco-regional recurrent disease. The median duration of response was 21 (11–58) weeks. Dose-limiting toxic effects were leukopenia and peripheral neuropathy. Vindesine warrants further study in combination chemotherapy protocols for cervical cancer.     

Flow cytometric evaluation of the effect of various doses of vindesine sulphate on mouse spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis, a rapidly proliferating cell system, is highly susceptible to damage by radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Vindesine, a semisynthetic vinca alkaloid, was given as a single injection to adult male Swiss albino mice to study its effects on testicular weight and male germ cell turnover pattern using flow cytometry. Testicular weight declined significantly at Day 7 to 14 and from Day 14 to 35 after administration of 1 and 2 mg/kg b wt vindesine, respectively. Flow cytometric evaluation of various testicular cell types after the administration of 2 mg/kg b wt vindesine revealed a significant increase in the relative percentage of spermatogonial cells at Day 21 and 35 posttreatment. In contrast, the relative percentage of primary spermatocytes declined significantly at Day 7 and 14 posttreatment. Similarly, a significant reduction in the relative percentage of round spermatids was observed from Day 7 to 35 posttreatment. The relative percentage of elongated spermatids declined significantly at day 35 post-treatment. These changes are reflected in the transformation ratios. While the 4C:2C ratio did not exhibit any significant change below 1 mg/kg vindesine, it declined significantly after 1 mg/kg (Day 14) and 2 mg/kg (Day 7 to 35, except Day 28 posttreatment) vindesine treatment. Treatment of male mice with 2 mg/kg vindesine resulted in a significant decline in 1C:2C ratio from 7 to 35 d post-treatment. The 4C:S-phase ratio decreased significantly at Day 7 and 14 posttreatment for all the drug doses above 0.05 mg/kg. A significant reduction in the 1C:4C ratio was observed at day 21 to 35 posttreatment as a result of 2 mg/kg vindesine administration.     

依托泊苷、长春地辛和表阿霉素在输液中的配伍稳定性考察

目的：考察依托泊苷注射液、注射用长春地辛和注射用表阿霉素在输液中的配伍稳定性,为临床给药提供科学依据。方法：将依托泊苷注射液、注射用长春地辛和注射用表阿霉素在500 mL 0.9%氯化钠注射液中配伍,分别考察在25℃和4℃的储存条件下,采用高效液相色谱法测定配伍溶液中依托泊苷、长春地辛和表阿霉素的含量并测定溶液的pH值及不溶性微粒的大小。结果：依托泊苷注射液、注射用长春地辛和注射用表阿霉素在25℃和4℃条件下48 h内配伍液pH值及不溶性微粒无明显变化,含量变化小于5%。结论：在25℃和4℃的储存条件下,3种药物在500 mL的生理盐水中稳定性好,临床上可将3种药物配伍使用。     

硫酸长春地辛原料药纯度检验方法的研究

本文介绍了用ＴＬＣ和ＨＰＬＣ２种方法对硫酸长春地辛原料药进行纯度检验的实验。ＴＬＣ方法采用硅胶ＧＦ２５４为固定相，乙醚－甲醇－甲胺（２０：４：１）为展开剂，在紫外灯２５４ｎｍ下检视。ＨＰＬＣ法采用Ｃ１８化学键合硅胶为固定相，以０．０２ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸二氢钾溶液（ｐＨ６．６）－甲醇（２０：８０）为流动相，在２６７ｎｍ波长下检测。结果表明，经优化条件后的ＴＬＣ和ＨＰＬＣ２种方法均可简便准确地检测硫酸长