高效液相色谱法测定联磺甲氧苄啶片中3组份的含量

目的:建立采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定联磺甲氧苄啶片中磺胺甲卟恶唑,磺胺嘧啶和甲氧苄啶的含量.方法:色谱柱为Diamonsil (TM) C18(5 μm, 200 mm×4.6 mm),流动相为乙腈∶水∶磷酸(50∶50∶0.1),每1000 mL流动相中加十二烷基硫酸钠3.5 g,流速1 mL*min-1,检测波长为257 nm.结果:磺胺甲卟恶唑、磺胺嘧啶和甲氧苄啶3种成分的回收率分别为99.78%,99.82%,99.90%.结论:方法简便,结果准确可靠.     

复方磺胺甲噁唑片微生物限度检查方法验证

目的建立复方磺胺甲噁唑片的微生物限度检查方法。方法采用5种阳性对照菌对复方磺胺甲噁唑片进行微生物限度检查方法验证。通过回收率试验测定药物的抑菌性。结果采用培养基稀释法检验复方磺胺甲噁唑片,人工加入5种菌液,稀释剂对照组的回收率均高于70％;试验组回收率均高于70％。结论对复方磺胺甲噁唑片进行微生物限度检查。细菌数测定采用培养基稀释法检验．霉菌及酵母菌数测定采用常规法检验,控制菌检查采用薄膜过滤法。     

高效毛细管电泳法测定复方磺胺甲噁唑片中磺胺甲噁唑和甲氧苄啶的含量

目的　测定复方磺胺甲 口 恶 唑片中磺胺甲 口 恶 唑及甲氧苄啶的含量。方法　采用高效毛细管电泳法 ,肉桂酸为内标 ,运行缓冲液为 2 5mmol·L-1硼砂 硼酸缓冲液 (pH9.2 ) ,内含 3 0mmol·L-1十二烷基磺酸钠及 10 %乙腈 ;运行电压 2 0kV ;检测波长2 14nm。结果　磺胺甲口 恶 唑和甲氧苄啶线性范围分别为 5 0～ 2 5 0 μg/mL(r =0 .9997)和 10～ 5 0 μg/mL(r =0 .9986) ,平均回收率分别为 99.0 %和 98.6% ,RSD分别为 2 .0 %及 2 .6% (n =6)。结论　该方法简便、准确、灵敏 ,适用于复方磺胺甲 口 恶 唑片的质量控制     

心脏移植患者磺胺甲噁唑血药浓度快速检测分析方法的构建及临床应用

目的 探索建立心脏移植患者磺胺甲噁唑血药浓度分析方法,以指导临床合理用药。方法 采用柱切换技术的新型二维液相色谱仪(2D-LC-UV),使用一维色谱柱Aston SC2(3.5 mm×25 mm,5 μm)对血浆中磺胺甲噁唑进行在线固相萃取,然后经中间柱Aston SBR(3.5 mm×10 mm,5 μm)截取保留,随后转移至第二维色谱柱Aston SNX4(4.6 mm×130 mm,5 μm)对目标分析物进行完全分离检测。色谱条件:一维流动相为乙腈-甲醇-水(10:10:70),流速0.8 mL·min^-1;二维流动相比例为BPI-1碱性移动相-API-3酸性移动相-甲醇(20:40:40),流速为1.2 mL·min^-1;紫外检测波长为240 nm。结果 磺胺甲噁唑浓度在9.96~200.04 μg·mL^-1内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(相关系数R²=0.999 6);低、中、高3个浓度的日内和日间精密度RSD均<15%、相对回收率为85%~115%。对在院56例患者血药浓度进行测定,仅有30例(53.57%)患者血样磺胺甲噁唑浓度为100~150 μg·mL^-1,其余均不满足浓度治疗窗;泌尿系统/血液系统/肝脏等发生III~IV级不良反应为0例。结论 本方法前处理简单,自动化程度高,可大体积进样,准确度、灵敏度高,能够满足临床应用,研究结果可为临床治疗药物监测提供方法学参考。     

HPLC法同时测定磺啶新林胶囊中4个成分的含量

目的:建立同时测定磺啶新林胶囊中盐酸溴己新、盐酸氯丙那林、磺胺甲噁唑和甲氧苄啶含量的方法。方法:采用高效液相色谱法,Ecosil-C₁₈色谱柱（4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm）,以乙腈-0.001 5 mol·L^-1十二烷基硫酸钠的0.1%三乙胺溶液（用磷酸调pH值至3.0）（52:48）为流动相,流量1.0 mL·min^-1,检测波长为215 nm。结果:4个成分的峰面积与浓度的线性关系良好（r>0.999 9）;加样回收率为98.85%⁹9.58%。结论:该方法可用于磺啶新林胶囊中盐酸溴已新、盐酸氯丙那林、磺胺甲噁唑和甲氧苄啶4个成分的含量测定。     

Frequency of small-colony variants and antimicrobial susceptibility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in cystic fibrosis patients

Background

Small-colony variants (SCVs) are a distinct phenotype of Staphylococcus aureus, known for their role in chronic, difficult to treat infections, including cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. The goal of this study was to characterize SCV MRSA infection in an adult and pediatric CF population and to identify antibiotic susceptibility patterns unique to SCV MRSA.

Brief report: The risk of overanticoagulation with antibiotic use in outpatients on stable warfarin regimens

BACKGROUND: Medication interactions account for a significant proportion of overanticoagulation in warfarin users. However, little is known about the incidence or degree of interaction with commonly used oral antibiotics. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence and degree of overanticoagulation associated with commonly used oral antibiotics. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study of patients using warfarin who initiated an antibiotic (azithromycin, levofloxacin, or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX)) or terazosin for clinical indications between January 1998 and December 2002. The incidence of international normalized ratio (INR) elevation and the degree of change and bleeding events after institution of either medication type was recorded. SUBJECTS: Patients at a university-affiliated Veteran's Affairs Medical Center. RESULTS: The mean change in INR was -0.15 for terazosin, 0.51 for azithromycin, 0.85 for levofloxacin, and 1.76 for TMP/SMX. These mean INR changes in the antibiotic groups were all statistically different from the terazosin group. The incidence of supratherapeutic INR was 5% for terazosin, 31% for azithromycin, 33% for levofloxacin, and 69% for TMP/SMX. The incidence of absolute INR >4.0 was 0% for terazosin, 16% for azithromycin, 19% for levofloxacin, and 44% for TMP/SMX. CONCLUSIONS: Among acutely ill outpatients, oral antibiotics (azithromycin, levofloxacin, and TMP/SMX) increase the incidence and degree of overanticoagulation.