Suicide substrate reaction-diffusion equations: Varying the source

The suicide substrate reaction is a model for certain enzyme-inhibitingdrugs. This reaction system is examined assuming that the substratediffuses freely while the enzyme remains fixed. Two sets ofinitial and boundary conditions are examined: one modellingan instantaneous point source, akin to an injection of substrate,the other, a continuous point source, akin to a continuing influx,or intravenous drip, of substrate. The quasi-steady-state assumptionis applied to obtain analytical solutions for a limited parameterspace. Finally, further applications of numerical and analyticalexperimentation on pharmaceutical mechanisms are described.     

多种底物在免疫金银染色检测抗核抗体试验中的联合应用

将多种底物联合应用于免疫金银染色检测ANA试验,与各底物单独应用比较,可明显改善检测的敏感性与核型显示。其中,两种鼠脏器印片联合应用的结果可与Hep-2细胞的结果相当,三种及四种鼠脏器印片联合应用的结果可与Hep-2细胞和一种鼠脏器印片联合应用的结果相当,且均不使正常人ANA阳性率明显升高。     

发色三肽底物测定血浆蛋白C活性及临床应用

建立了血浆蛋白Ｃ活性水平测定的发色三肽底物法，并对临床５６例病例进行了检测。以正常人血浆蛋白Ｃ活性平均值为１００％作对照，３０例肝硬化病人血浆蛋白Ｃ活性平均为（６１．４±２７．３）％；７例慢性肾功能不全病人血浆蛋白Ｃ活性平均为（５１．２±２５．７）％，１８例正常晚期妊娠妇女血浆蛋白Ｃ活性平均为（１３８．０±２３．５）％。与正常对照组比较，结果差异均有显著性。在的１例血栓性血小板减少性紫癜（ＴＴＰ）     

碱性脂肪酶测定方法的探讨

对碱性脂肪酶酶活的测定方法进行了研究，对反应底物及其形态、反应的酸碱度、温度、稳定时间等条件进行了对比和选择。     

Identification of GRASP-1 as a novel 97 kDa autoantigen localized to endosomes

We have identified an autoantigen that is recognized by antibodies from an 18-year-old female with a history of recurrent infections who later in her clinical course developed Raynaud's phenomenon and telangiectasias. By indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), the index serum produced a unique cytoplasmic discrete speckled (CDS) staining pattern that partially colocalized with early endosome antigen 1 (EEA1) but not Golgi complex or other cytoplasmic organelles in HEp-2 cells. When HEp-2 cells were treated with 0.1 N HCl, the cytoplasmic speckled staining of the index serum was markedly decreased, suggesting that the reactive antigen was soluble. Western blot analysis showed a reactive approximately 97 kDa protein in a saline soluble protein preparation from HeLa cells. Mass spectrometric analysis of the excised 97 kDa band that was immunoprecipitated from HeLa cell extracts identified GRASP-1 as a possible target. The index serum and anti-GRASP-1 antibodies colocalized to structures in the cytoplasm of HEp-2 cells. Synthetic peptides representing the full-length GRASP-1 protein were used to identify reactive epitopes. Like many other cytoplasmic autoantigens, GRASP-1 has numerous coiled-coil domains throughout the protein with the exception of short segments at the amino and carboxyl terminus.     

Ascending and descending components of the medial forebrain bundle in the rat as demonstrated by the horseradish peroxidase-blue reaction

Summary The ascending and descending components of the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) were investigated by means of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) with a sensitive substrate. The HRP was injected iontophoretically into the MFB at various levels from the anterior commissure to the posterior hypothalamus. In order to prevent the diffusion of HRP to other brain areas, a double micropipette system was used. The descending components of the MFB are derived from (1) the anterior cingulate area, infra- or prelimbic area, and sulcal cortex, (2) the lateral septal nucleus and diagonal band, (3) the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, (4) the paraventricular nucleus (5) the substantia innominata, (6) the amygdaloid complex (AM), (7) the ventromedial (VM) and dorsomedial (DM) hypothalamic nuclei, (8) the entopeduncular nucleus and (9) nucleus periventricularis stellatocellularis. The ascending components of the MFB originate in: (1) the medial preoptic nucleus, (2) the nucleus periventricularis stellatocellularis and rotundocellularis, (3) the posterior hypothalamic nucleus, (4) the parafascicular nucleus, (5) the ventral premammillary nucleus, (6) the substantia grisea periventricularis, (7) the lateral habenular nucleus, (8) the VM and DM, (9) the paratenial nucleus, (10) the AM and (11) the arcuate nucleus.Abbreviations used in Figures and Tables a nucleus accumbens - abl nucleus amygdaloideus basalis, pars lateralis - abm nucleus amygdaloideus basalis, pars medialis - ac nucleus amygdaloideus centralis - AC anterior cingulate area - al nucleus amygdaloideus lateralis - am nucleus amygdaloideus medialis - ar nucleus arcuatus - CC tractus corporis callosi - CSDV commissura supraoptica dorsalis, pars ventralis - DB diagonal band - DM nucleus dorsomedialis hypothalami - EP nucleus entopeduncularis - ha nucleus anterior hypothalami - hl nucleus lateralis hypothalami - hp nucleus posterior hypothalami - IL infralimbic area of frontal cortex - lh nucleus habenulae lateralis - LH₁ medial forebrain bundle (MFB) at the level of commissura anterior - LH₂ lateral preoptic area - LH₃ MFB at the level of the nucleus anterior hypothalami - LH₄ MFB at the level of the nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami - LH₅ MFB at the level of the nucleus posterior hypothalami - MFB medial forebrain bundle - pf nucleus parafascicularis - PL prelimbic area of frontal cortex - pol nucleus preopticus lateralis - pom nucleus preopticus medialis - posc nucleus preopticus, pars suprachiasmatica - pt nucleus parataenialis - pv nucleus premamillaris ventralis - PV nucleus paraventricularis - pvs nucleus periventricularis stellatocellularis - pvr nucleus periventricularis rotundocellularis - SC sulcal cortex - SGPV substantia grisea periventricularis - SI substantia innominata - SL lateral septal nucleus - ST bed nucleus of stria terminalis - sum nucleus supramamillaris - TO tractus opticus - tmm nucleus medialis thalami, pars medialis - VM nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami The nomenclature used in this paper is according to König and Klippel's Stereotaxic Atlas (1967).     

LPS对大鼠肺微血管内皮细胞SSeCKS的表达影响

目的研究细菌脂多糖（LPS）对大鼠肺微血管内皮细胞（rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell，RPMVEC）Src抑制的蛋白激酶C底物（Src-suppressed C kinase substrate，SSeCKS）表达和细胞内定位的影响，探讨SSeCKS参与细胞骨架结构改变的可能机制。方法用植块培养法体外培养大鼠肺微血管内皮细胞，用抗大鼠CD31抗体进行细胞鉴定。LPS刺激体外培养的RPMVEC，用定量PCR、免疫印迹方法检测LPS刺激RPMVEC不同时间SSeCKS mRNA和蛋白的表达情况；用0．05μmol／L蛋白激酶C（PKC）抑制剂（Calphostin C）预处理RPMVEC30min后再用LPS刺激6h，免疫荧光细胞化学法观察Calphostin C对LPS诱导SSeCKS与纤维状肌动蛋白（filamentous—actin，F-actin）细胞内定位和结构改变的影响。结果定量PCR结果显示LPS刺激RPMVEC1h后SSeCKS表达水平达到最高，Westernblot结果与定量PCR结果相一致，同时，LPS以时间依赖的方式诱导SSeCKS磷酸水平增加。免疫荧光结果显示LPS刺激后，F-actin发生重构，细胞内形成应力纤维，SSeCKS向核周、细胞膜纤维、板状伪足末端聚集；Calphostin C部分抑制LPS对内皮细胞F-actin和SSeCKS细胞内定位改变的影响。结论LPS能够诱导内皮细胞SSeCKS表达增加和细胞内定位改变，PKC参与I娲诱导内皮细胞F-ac，6n的重构和SSeCKS重新分布；提示SSeCKS可能与LPS诱导内皮细胞F-actin的重构有关。     

Polymorphisms in the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) gene and the insulin receptor substrate-2 (IRS-2) gene influence glucose homeostasis and body mass index in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and non-hyperandrogenic controls

BACKGROUND: We aimed to evaluate the influence of the Gly972Arg variant of the insulin receptor substrate-1 gene (IRS-1) and the Gly1057Asp variant in IRS-2 on insulin resistance and glucose tolerance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and healthy controls. METHODS: Genotypes, allelic frequencies, indexes of insulin resistance, glucose tolerance and hormone profiles were studied in a large sample of Spanish PCOS (n = 103) women compared with a control group (n = 48) of healthy women matched for body mass index. RESULTS: No differences in genotype or allelic frequencies were found between PCOS patients and healthy controls. When considering control subjects and PCOS patients as a whole, IRS-1 Arg972 carriers also presented with increased fasting insulin (133 +/- 60 versus 95 +/- 67 pmol/l, P = 0.008) and insulin resistance measured by homeostasis model assessment (4.3 +/- 2.1 versus 3.1 +/- 2.4, P = 0.009) compared with subjects homozygous for Gly972 alleles. These differences were even higher when restricting the analysis to PCOS patients. Subjects homozygous for the Gly1057 allele of IRS-2 presented with increased 60 and 90 min oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) glucose levels compared with carriers of one or two Asp1057 alleles (7.9 +/- 2.1 versus 7.1 +/- 2.1 mmol/l, P = 0.042 and 7.0 +/- 2.1 versus 6.0 +/- 1.8 mmol/l, P = 0.014), and a similar tendency was observed for 120 min OGTT glucose levels. CONCLUSIONS: The Gly972Arg in IRS-1 and Gly1057Asp in IRS-2 polymorphisms influence glucose homeostasis in premenopausal women, but are not associated with PCOS.     

Some kinetic features of membrane-bound monoamine oxidase

Initial reaction-velocity versus substrate-concentration curves for serotonin oxidation catalyzed by monoamine oxidase (MAO) from fragments of rat liver or bovine brain mitochondrial membranes have a complex, nonhyperbolic shape; this is regarded as a kinetic manifestation of substrate cooperativeness for membrane-bound MAO. The possibility of interaction between different types of MAO based on conformational changes in the membrane itself is discussed.Scientific-Research Institute for Biological Trials of Chemical Compounds, Ministry of the Medical Industry of the USSR. Institute of Biological Medical Chemistry, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR. All-Union Vitamin Scientific-Research Institute, Ministry of the Medical Industry of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR V. N. Orekhovich.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 83, No. 3, pp. 288–289, March, 1977.