Carbohydrate moieties of procine 32 kDa enamelin

The structures of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides of porcine 32 kDa enamelin are reported. The oligosaccharides were released by N-oligosaccharide glycopeptidase digestion, and the reducing ends of the oligosaccharides were derivatized with a fluorescent reagent, 2-aminopyridine. The pyridylamino oligosaccharides were separated into eight kinds of oligosaccharides. The structures of these oligosaccharides were determined by a combination of a sequential exoglycosidase digestion and a two-dimensional suger mapping technique. The oligosaccharides consisted of fucose, galactose, mannose, N-acetylglucosamine, and N-acetylneuraminic acid, and were classified into two groups according to their core-sugar chain structures; one was a biantennary-type and the other was a triantennary-type oligosaccharide. The variation of the oligosaccharides in each of these groups was caused by the differences in the number, the site, and the mode of linkage of N-acetylneuraminic acid to the core-sugar chains.     

地黄合剂降血糖作用的实验性研究

本文通过用四氧嘧啶复制小白鼠糖尿病模型,以血清中血糖及胰岛素水平为指标,研究了地黄合剂对高糖动物的降血糖作用。结果表明,注射四氧嘧啶前小白鼠血糖为173.47±5.23mg/100ml注射后血糖升高至419.78±22.70mg/100ml(P<0.01),差异有高度显著性。实验组服用地黄合剂后,血糖值从410.25±2739mg/100ml下降至313.51±29.39mg/100ml(P<0.05)差异有显著性。因而认为地黄合剂对于四氧嘧啶性糖尿病有显著的降血糖作用。     

PAI－1糖基化位点突变体的构建及其在哺乳动物细胞中表达

Ⅰ型纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂（ＰＡＩ－１）是一种Ｍｒ为５０×１０３的单链糖蛋白，有３７９个氨基酸残基，３个Ｎ型糖基化位点。构建ＰＡＩ－１糖基化突变体，以便研究糖链的功能。用寡核苷酸定位突变技术将３个糖基化位点２０９，２６５，３２９位进行突变，把３个糖基化位点都发生了突变的ＰＡＩ－１ｃＤＮＡ组装到真核表达载体ｐＳＶ２中，得到真核表达质粒ｐＺＨ－ｐ１－Ｍ３Ｅ；在二氢叶酸还原酶缺陷型中国仓鼠卵巢细胞（ＣＨＯｄｈｆｒ－）中进行短暂表达，用发色底物法和夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ方法检测培养液中ＰＡＩ－１的活性和含量。结果：糖基化位点突变的ＰＡＩ－１能在ＣＨＯ细胞中表达，但表达水平及活性较低。非糖基化ＰＡＩ－１的活性和抗原分别为４．３４ＩＵ／ｍｌ和３．１５μｇ／Ｌ结论：用寡核苷酸定位突变方法获得了ＰＡＩ－１糖基化突变体，并且在ＣＨＯ细胞中得到表达。     

Identification of a frequent variant in ALG6, the cause of Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation-Ic

Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation (CDG) type Ic is caused by mutations in ALG6. This gene encodes an alpha1,3 glucosyltransferase used for synthesis of the lipid linked oligosaccharide (LLO) precursor of the protein N-glycosylation pathway. CDG-Ic patients have moderate to severe psychomotor retardation, seizures, hypotonia, strabismus, and feeding difficulties. We previously identified a typical patient with a heterozygous point mutation, c.391T>C (p.Tyr131His) in ALG6. Using complementation analysis of ALG6-deficient yeast, we show that this alteration is as severe as the most common disease-causing mutation, c998C>T (p. Ala333Val), which occurs in over half of all known CDG-Ic patients. The frequency of c.391T>C (p.Tyr131His) in the US population, is 0.0214, suggesting that homozygotes would occur at a rate of& tilde;1:2,200. We identified one patient with typical CDG-Ic symptoms and a homozygous p.Tyr131His alteration in ALG6. However, in contrast to most CDG patients, her LLO and plasma transferrin glycosylation appeared normal. Thus, it is unclear whether c.391T>C causes CDG-Ic or contributes to the symptoms. Genotyping additional patients with CDG-like symptoms will be required to resolve this issue.     

A new method for assaying adhesion of cancer cells to the greater omentum and its application for evaluating anti-adhesion activities of chemically synthesized oligosaccharides

A new ex vivo method for assaying adhesion of cancer cells to the greater omentum has been developed using mouse greater omentum and [³H]labelled human gastric and mouse colorectal cancer cells. Since the adhesion rates were found to increase up to 18 h and labelled cells seemed to be stable during the period, the present method could be useful for investigating adhesion of cancer cells to the greater omentum, which must occur at the first step of the peritoneal dissemination. The adhesion of cancer cells to the greater omentum was inhibited by a series of chemically synthesized oligosaccharides and Galβ1,3[3OMeGalβ1,4GlcNAcβ1,6]αBn was found to be the best inhibitor. The anti-tumor effect of this novel tetrasaccharide in vivo was shown in preliminary experiments using Balb/c mice and colon26 cells.     

地黄寡糖抗糖尿病药理作用及机制研究回顾

现代医学对糖代谢的过程及其调节机制已较明确，并正在走向深入。糖代谢是机体自稳机能(homoostasis)的一个重要方面，Besedovsky等(1977)以神经内分泌系统与免疫系统之间的相互作用及其物质基础为依据，提出了“神经内分泌免疫调节”(neuroenctocrine-immuno-modulation，NIM)网络学说，这个学说的实质是机体神经系统、内分泌系统与免疫系统之间具有共     

高效液相色谱法测定地黄中腺苷含量

目的:建立地黄中腺苷含量的测定方法,测定不同品种地黄中腺苷的含量。方法:采用高效液相色谱法测定地黄中腺苷含量。以KYWG-C₁₈为固定相,6%乙腈为流动相,检测波长为260nm。结果:腺苷在0.002mg/ml～0.01mg/ml线性良好。回归方程为Y=1.7742×10-4+8.9021×10-7X,r=0.9995。平均回收率为94.1%。RSD=1.86%(n=5)。结论:本法简便、快速、结果可靠。     

远志化学成分的分离与鉴定

目的对远志的化学成分进行研究,为更好地开发利用远志药材奠定基础.方法采用色谱技术进行分离,以1H-NMR、13C-NMR等波谱技术鉴定化合物的结构.结果分离鉴定了5个化合物,分别是tenuifoliside A(1)、α-D-(6-O-白芥子酰基)-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-β-D-(3-O-白芥子酰基)-呋喃果糖(2)、α-D-(6-O-4-甲基-3,5-二甲氧基肉桂酰基)-吡喃葡萄糖基(1→2)-β-D-(3-O-白芥子酰基)-呋喃果糖(3)、3,4,5-三甲氧基肉桂酸(4)、苯甲酸丙酯(5).结论化合物3、5为首次从该植物中获得,其中化合物3为新化合物.     

试管地黄形成过程中形态发生的研究

目的 :研究试管地黄形成的形态发生过程 ,比较试管地黄与自然条件下生长的地黄在形态解剖上的异同。方法 :取离体条件下和自然条件下不同阶段形成的地黄块根 ,染色后制成石蜡切片 ,于显微镜下观察。结果与结论 :试管地黄在形态解剖方面与自然条件下生长的地黄具有一致性 ,说明试管地黄在诱导过程中未发生结构上的变化。