PARP7 negatively regulates the type I interferon response in cancer cells and its inhibition triggers antitumor immunity

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Atrial Synchronous Ventricular Pacing with a Single Lead: Reliability of Atrial Sensing During Physical Activities, and Long-term Stability of Atrial Sensing

A VDD pacing system with bipolar single-pass leads, were implanted in 36 consecutive patients (average age 72 ± 2years) with high degree atrioventricular block and normal sinus node function. At implant the atrial signal amplitude was 2.6 ± 0.2mV measured by a pacing system analyser (PSA), 1.8 ± 0.1mV measured peak-to-peak from the telemetered calibrated electrogram, and 1.3 ± 0.1mV measured from the sensing threshold. At one month follow-up the peak-to-peak amplitudes (mV) of the telemetered atrial electrograms were not significantly different measured continuously during resting supine with quiet breathing (1.4 ± 0.1), sitting (1.6 ± 0.2). standing (1.5 ± 0.1), arm swinging (1.4 ± 0.2), hyperventilation (1.3 ± 0.1), Vaisalva manoeuvre (1.4 ± 0.1), and treadmill exercise (1.9 ± 0.6). The telemetered atrial electrogram amplitude and the atrial sensing threshold varied between 1.2 ± 0.09mV and 1.8 ± 0.1mV, and between 0.95 ± 0.07mV and 1.3 ± 0.01mV, respectively at 0.5, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months follow-up, but the changes were statistically nonsignificant. The Event Summary showed sensing of 98% to 99% of the atrial events at the different follow-up periods.     

Expression of the calcium receptor CaR in the parathyroid of secondary hyperparathyroidism patients

The effects of calcium on parathyroid hormone (PTH) has further discovered in recent years. It has been known that calcium ion concentration in the extracellular fluid is a major determinant of PTH secretion. The relationship between serum intact PTH (iPTH) and calcium ion levels is described by a sigmoidal curve. The calcium concentration that produces half-maximal change in PTH release (the midpoint between maximal and minimal     

Vessel-encoded arterial spin-labeling using pseudocontinuous tagging.

A new signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) efficient method is introduced for the mapping of vascular territories based on pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (ASL). A pseudocontinuous tagging pulse train is modified using additional transverse gradient pulses and phase cycling to place some arteries in a tag condition, while others passing through the same tagging plane are in a control condition. This is combined with a Hadamard or similar encoding scheme such that all vessels of interest are fully inverted or relaxed for nearly all of the encoding cycles, providing optimal SNR. The relative tagging efficiency for each vessel is measured directly from the ASL data and is used in the decoding process to improve the separation of vascular territories. High SNR maps of left carotid, right carotid, and basilar territories are generated in 6 min of scan time.     

酸性环境介导皮质神经元损伤及阻断酸敏感离子通道1α的神经保护作用

目的 探讨脑梗死模型中酸性环境能否介导皮质神经元损伤及阻断酸敏感离子通道1α（acidsensing ion channels1α，ASIC1α）的神经保护作用。方法 制作缺氧细胞模型、脑梗死动物模型，检测ASIC1α阻断剂对乳酸脱氢酸（lactate dehydrogenase，LDH）释放率、大鼠行为学、脑梗死体积以及ASIC1蛋白表达的影响。结果 酸性环境可以损伤皮质神经元，加重缺氧对细胞的毒性作用，经侧脑室注射ASIC1α阻断剂可以改善脑梗死大鼠的行为学改变，梗死体积明显减小（P〈0.05）；随梗死时间延长，缺血半暗带ASIC1表达增加，在缺血后24h表达量较明显。结论 酸性环境导致皮质神经元损伤，其损伤机制与缺血后神经元ASIC1α开放以及表达增加有关；阻断ASIC1α具有神经保护作用。     

Modified FMCW system for non-contact sensing of human respiration

Abstract

Small displacement detection capability becomes an important key for developing non-contact sensor for human respiration based on radar system. Frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar has been widely studied and applied for many applications. With respect to the conventional perspective, large bandwidth is needed for detecting the small displacement related to the human respiration. Meanwhile, extracting the respiration pattern from Doppler response has a drawback in identifying the small displacement location. In this paper, the modification on FMCW system was proposed for obtaining the capability in detecting the human respiration and its distance from the radar. Detecting the phase value of the low pass filter (LPF), output from conventional FMCW was investigated and applied as a modification concept. The pattern, rate and amplitude of respiration are extracted from phase detector output. Beat frequency detection is still elaborated for synthesising the reference signal for phase detection. The result shows that the modified FMCW system proposed the capability of detecting the rate and amplitude respiration and location of the target.     

钙敏感受体在大鼠心肌缺血/再灌注损伤的表达变化及与心肌损伤关系

目的： 观察钙敏感受体（CaSR）在大鼠心肌缺血/再灌注时的表达变化，揭示其与心肌缺血/再灌注损伤的关系。方法： Wistar大鼠随机分为5组：假手术组（sham组）、缺血再灌注1、2、4和6 h组（I/R 1 h、2 h、4 h、6 h组）。采用冠状动脉结扎和松结的方法，复制大鼠在体心肌缺血/再灌注损伤模型，记录左室收缩压（LVSP）和左室内压最大变化速率（±dp/dtmax），测定血清LDH、SOD活性和MDA含量，透射电镜观察心肌超微结构变化， RT-PCR法检测心肌组织中CaSR mRNA的表达变化。结果：LVSP、左室内压±dp/dtmax及SOD活性随再灌注时间延长而减低，LDH活性和MDA含量在再灌注2 h时最高；心肌超微结构损伤在再灌注1 h、2 h较重，随再灌注时间延长而减轻；大鼠心肌缺血/再灌注1 h、2 h心肌组织CaSR的mRNA表达升高，再灌注4 h、6 h后降低。结论： CaSR mRNA表达多时心肌损伤较重，CaSR可能参与了心肌缺血/再灌注损伤。     

Multiple sites of oxygen sensing and their contributions to hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction

Oxygen sensing by the pulmonary vasculature is important for the regulation of vessel tone and the matching of lung perfusion to ventilation. Airways hypoxia is a major stimulus for vasoconstriction, which diverts blood from hypoxic alveoli to better ventilated areas of the lung. Several hypotheses have emerged to explain how pulmonary arteries sense a decrease in oxygen and mediate hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV). They differ mainly in where they place the main site of HPV: in the endothelial or smooth muscle cells of the artery wall. HPV probably results from synergistic actions on both cell types, but it can proceed in the absence of endothelium, suggesting that the primary oxygen sensor is the smooth muscle cell and endothelium-derived agents modulate the muscle response. Several oxygen-sensing targets have been identified in smooth muscle, including potassium channels, Ca(2+) stores in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and the Ca(2+) sensitivity of the contractile proteins. The evidence for different oxygen-sensing mechanisms in pulmonary vessels is discussed.     

Quaternion-based strap-down integration method for applications of inertial sensing to gait analysis

The proposed strap-down integration method exploits the cyclical nature of human gait: during the gait swing phase, the quaternion-based attitude representation is integrated using a gyroscope from initial conditions that are determined during stance by an accelerometer. Positioning requires double time integration of the gravity-compensated accelerometer signals during swing. An interpolation technique applied to attitude quaternions was developed to improve the accuracy of orientation and positioning estimates by accounting for the effect of sensor bias and scale factor drifts. A simulation environment was developed for the analysis and testing of the proposed algorithm on a synthetic movement trajectory. The aim was to define the true attitude and positioning used in the computation of estimation errors. By thermal modelling, the changes of bias and scale factor of the inertial sensors, calibrated at a single reference temperature, were analysed over a range of ±10°C, for measurement noise standard deviations up to σ_g = 2.5° s⁻¹ (gyroscope) and σ_a = 0.05 m s⁻¹ (accelerometer). The compensation technique reduced the maximum root mean square errors (RMSEs) to: RMSE_θ=14.6° (orientation) and RMSE_d=17.7 cm (positioning) for an integration interval of one gait cycle (an improvement of 3° and 7 cm); RMSE_θ=14.8° and RMSE_d=30.0 cm for an integration interval of two gait cycles (an improvement of 11° and 262 cm).