Effects of electroacupuncture on gastric mucosal blood flow and transmucosal potential difference in stress rats

ＥｆｅｃｔｓｏｆｅｌｅｃｔｒｏａｃｕｐｕｎｃｔｕｒｅｏｎｇａｓｔｒｉｃｍｕｃｏｓａｌｂｌｏｏｄｆｌｏｗａｎｄｔｒａｎｓｍｕｃｏｓａｌｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌｄｉｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｉｎｓｔｒｅｓｓｒａｔｓＸＵＧｕａｎＳｕｎ１，ＳＵＮＹｏｎｇ１，ＷＡＮＧＺｈｅ...     

血清电解质钾、钠、氯检测方法比较

血清电解质K Na Cl检测常用方法可以采用间接离子选择电极法,也可以采用干化学法。通过同时检测40份样本用两种方法比对,说明两种检测方法虽然方法学和使用生化仪不同,但两种方法检测血清电解质K Na Cl无显著差异。     

非水电位滴定法测定盐酸莫西沙星含量的方法研究

目的探究非水电位滴定法降发美．分析化学[M]．第6版．北京：人民卫生出版社,2007：152—179．]测定盐酸莫西沙星含量的方法。方法以0．01mol／L盐酸溶液一无水甲醇（1：8）为溶剂,用甲醇钠滴定液（O．1mol／L）进行滴定。结果非水电位滴定法：方法精密度RSD为0．46％（n=9）,平均回收率为100．O％。结论非水电位滴定法的测定结果与高效液相色谱法在统计学上无显著性差异,方法简便快速,结果准确可靠。     

夏枯草提取物抑制大鼠肾草酸钙结石形成作用的研究

目的 研究夏枯草提取物对大鼠肾草酸钙结石的作用及机制. 方法 将40只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为4组:对照组、模型组、夏枯草提取物低剂量(50 g/L)和高剂量(100 g/L)实验组.实验4周后处死动物,将各组大鼠肾脏标本制成组织切片,H-E染色,观察大鼠肾组织病理学改变;检测大鼠血清尿素氮(BUN)、血清肌酐(Cr)、磷(P)和Ca2+的含量,检测24 h尿液中Ca2+和草酸(Ox)的含量;运用荧光定量PCR和Western-blot检测大鼠肾内TRPV5 mRNA和蛋白的表达,并进行统计学分析. 结果 与对照组比较,模型组大鼠肾呈现草酸钙结石病理改变,不同浓度的夏枯草提取物作用后,可明显改善其病理变化.模型组血清BUN,Cr,Ca2+和P含量明显升高,经不同浓度的夏枯草提取物作用后,实验组BUN及Cr含量明显低于模型组(P＜0.05),但实验组和模型组Ca2+及P含量比较无显著性差异;模型组尿液Ca2+,Ox含量较对照组明显升高,经不同浓度的夏枯草提取物作用后,可降低实验组Ca2+含量,且成药物剂量依赖性(P＜0.05),但对Ox的含量无显著性作用;模型组肾内TRPV5mRNA和蛋白的表达明显降低,经不同浓度的夏枯草水提取物作用后,实验组TRPV5 mRNA和蛋白的表达逆转,且具有统计学意义(P＜0.05). 结论 夏枯草对大鼠肾草酸钙结石具有防治作用;可能是通过上调大鼠肾脏尿钙调控信号TRPV5的表达,降低血清中BUN、Cr含量及尿液中Ca2+的含量.     

人发中微量氟的测定

用氧瓶燃烧法预处理人发样品，以总离子强度剂兼作吸收剂，然后直接用氟离子选择电极作指示电极，饱和甘汞电极作参比电极，用改进Gran＇s作图法进行测定，结果满意。用于人发中微量氟的测定，其标准偏差为±0．6mg／g，方法回收率为93％～106％，结果与茜素络合酮比色法基本一致。     

美托洛尔对心室晚电位阳性病人的室性心律失常的影响

目的：了解美托洛尔对心室晚电位（ＶＬＰ）阳性病人的室性心律失常（ＶＡ）的影响，探讨高危ＶＡ的防治措施。方法：以体表信号叠加心电图（ＳＡ－ＥＣＧ）检测ＶＬＰ，结合动态心电图（ＤＣＧ）监测ＶＡ，８８例ＶＬＰ阳性的ＶＡ病人（男性５６例，女性３２例；年龄５５±ｓ７ａ）随机分为２组，Ａ组４６例服美托洛尔２５～５０ｍｇ，ｂｉｄ×４ｗｋ。Ｂ组４２例服安慰剂（维生素Ｃ）２００ｍｇ，ｔｉｄ×４ｗｋ，作为对照，ｗｋ４未复查２４ｈＤＣＧ及ＶＬＰ。结果：美托洛尔治疗后有３８例（８３％）ＶＡ获控制，有３９例（８５％）原ＶＬＰ阳性获转阴性，且无明显不良反应，５０～１００ｍｇ／ｄ时剂量与疗效之间无明显关系。对照组治疗后对ＶＡ的疗效为０，ＶＬＰ阳性者无１例转阴性。结论：美托洛尔能有效的控制ＶＬＰ阳性病人的ＶＡ。     

Liposome/water lipophilicity: methods, information content, and pharmaceutical applications

This review discusses liposome/water lipophilicity in terms of the structure of liposomes, experimental methods, and information content. In a first part, the structural properties of the hydrophobic core and polar surface of liposomes are examined in the light of potential interactions with solute molecules. Particular emphasis is placed on the physicochemical properties of polar headgroups of lipids in liposomes. A second part is dedicated to three useful methods to study liposome/water partitioning, namely potentiometry, equilibrium dialysis, and (1)H-NMR relaxation rates. In each case, the principle and limitations of the method are discussed. The next part presents the structural information encoded in liposome/water lipophilicity, in other words the solutes' structural and physicochemical properties that determine their behavior and hence their partitioning in such systems. This presentation is based on a comparison between isotropic (i.e., solvent/water) and anisotropic (e.g., liposome/water) systems. An important factor to be considered is whether the anisotropic lipid phase is ionized or not. Three examples taken from the authors' laboratories are discussed to illustrate the factors or combinations thereof that govern liposome/water lipophilicity, namely (a) hydrophobic interactions alone, (b) hydrophobic and polar interactions, and (c) conformational effects plus hydrophobic and ionic interactions. The next part presents two studies taken from the field of QSAR to exemplify the use of liposome/water lipophilicity in structure-disposition and structure-activity relationships. In the conclusion, we summarize the interests and limitations of this technology and point to promising developments.     

Binding of cations to individual gamma-carboxyglutamate residues of conantokin-G and conantokin-T

Abstract: Conantokin-G (con-G) and conantokin-T (con-T) are naturally occurring γ-carboxyglutamate (Gla)-containing peptides that interact with multivalent cations in functionally relevant manners. Selective ¹³C-enrichment of C^γ and C^δ in each of the Gla residues has allowed metal binding affinities to be measured at individual side chains. Con-T possesses two metal binding sites, one with high affinity at Gla¹⁰/Gla¹⁴ and another with weak binding at Gla³/Gla⁴. Con-G contains two sites of comparable low affinity for Ca²⁺. Analysis of the ¹³C line-widths of con-G in the presence of Mg²⁺ allowed the order of metal binding to be determined, with Gla¹⁰/Gla¹⁴ loading before the Gla³/Gla⁴/Gla⁷ cluster. While the variant peptide, apo-con-T[Lys⁷Gla], was shown to have a very low α-helical content, this peptide binds a second metal with much greater affinity than wild-type con-T. This provides additional evidence that Gla⁷ in con-G is primarily responsible for destabilizing the apo-form, but is an important ligand for metal chelation. The residue-specific α-helical stabilities of con-G and con-T in their metal-free and metal-loaded states were estimated by determining rates of proton exchange from backbone peptide bond amides with deuterium atoms from ²H₂O-containing solvents. For both peptides, the lifetimes of protons on several peptide bond amides increased as metals of higher affinity were bound to the peptides, with the longest half-lives found in the region of the α-helical turn stabilized by the Gla¹⁰/Gla¹⁴ metal coordination site. We propose that Gla¹⁰ and Gla¹⁴ constitute the primary tight metal ion binding site in both peptides. This detailed analysis with physiologically relevant metal cations is crucial for deciphering the roles of critical amino acids in the bioactivity of the conantokin peptides.     

Effect of moxonidine on spontaneous activity of rostral ventrolateral medullary neurons in barodenervated rats

在去缓冲神经大鼠观察莫索尼定对延髓腹外侧头端区（ＲＶＬＭ）神经元自发电活动的影响．向颈总动脉内注射莫索尼定２，１０，５０μｇ·ｋｇ－１后，同步记录神经元放电图，血压及心率．结果显示，莫索尼定剂量依赖性地降低ＲＶＬＭ神经元放电率，血压和心率．莫索尼定１０，５０μｇ·ｋｇ－１使放电率分别减少２３％和４１％．动脉注射选择性Ｉ１－咪唑啉受体阻断剂依法克生１０μｇ·ｋｇ－１，可完全拮抗莫索尼定１０μｇ·ｋｇ－１的作用．结果提示，莫索尼定通过激动延髓腹外侧头端区神经元上的Ｉ１－咪唑啉受体，抑制其自发放电活动．     

椎管内神经根运动传导测定法对2型糖尿病患者的临床应用

目的介绍一种新的椎管内神经根运动传导测定法,并证明其临床应用价值。方法使用CCS-1型直流斩波式大脑皮质电刺激仪测定10例2型糖尿病患者(糖尿病组)和21例正常人(对照组)的运动传导速度(MCV)。取每位测试对象的T12棘突为刺激点,同时兴奋L5和S1根起始部,刺激S1棘突同时兴奋L5和S1根出(近)椎间孔处,在拇外展肌和伸趾短肌处记录运动诱发电位(MEP),并测量其潜时、波幅值和两刺激点之间的MCV。结果糖尿病组的T12,S1和拇窝刺激点的潜时值均明显高于对照组(t=4.40～4.63;P均<0.01以上)。在波幅值比较中,除S1刺激点中高于对照组外,其余各项均明显低于对照组(t=2.96～3.36;P均<0.01以上)。除了SⅠ-SⅡ点外,糖尿病组的其余两项MCV指标均明显小于对照组(t=4.40～4.63;P均<0.001)。结论椎管内神经根运动传导测定法对神经根部位病变的定位和评估预后是有帮助的。