4-脱氧-4-磺酰胺基-4′-去甲表鬼臼毒素衍生物的合成和抗肿瘤活性研究

合成了4-脱氧-4-磺酰胺基-4′-去甲表鬼臼毒素衍生物25个。在抑制 L1210白血病细胞和 KB 细胞的试验中,大部分磺酰胺基表鬼臼毒素显示比依托泊甙更强的活性。简要讨论了该类化合物的结构-活性关系。     

Cytotoxic constituents from the roots ofAnthriscus sylvestris

Activity-guided fractionation of the roots of Anthriscus sylvestris resulted in the isolation and characterization of five cytotoxic compounds, deoxypodophyllotoxin (1), falcarindiol (2), and angeloyl podophyllotoxin (5) from the hexane soluble fraction and morelensin (3), bursehernin (4) from the chloroform soluble fraction. It is the first report of the occurrence of compound 5 in nature.     

新型吡啶类鬼臼毒素衍生物对淡色库蚊的生物活性研究

目的研究新型吡啶类鬼臼毒素衍生物对3龄淡色库蚊幼虫的的毒杀活性。方法采用WHO生物测试法测定吡啶类鬼臼毒素衍生物对3龄淡色库蚊幼虫的毒杀活性。结果12种新型吡啶类鬼臼毒素衍生物对3龄淡色库蚊幼虫的毒杀作用有明显的差异,化合物4.4、4.5和4.6的毒杀作用明显高于其它化合物。结论12种新型吡啶类鬼臼毒素衍生物对3龄初淡色库蚊幼虫毒杀作用的差异可能与结构上的差异有关。     

鬼臼毒素衍生物的合成及细胞毒活性研究

目的基于鬼臼毒素进行结构修饰,并对得到的衍生物进行体外抗肿瘤活性评价。方法以鬼臼毒素和醛类化合物为起始原料,经多步反应合成目标化合物,并采用MTT法测试所有的目标化合物对人宫颈癌He La细胞、人慢性髓性白血病急变期K562细胞及其阿霉素耐药株K562/A02的体外抗肿瘤活性。结果合成了11个文献未报道的鬼臼毒素衍生物,其结构经1H-NMR、13C-NMR、HR-ESI-MS及熔点测定分析确证。抗肿瘤活性筛选结果表明所有目标化合物均具有不同程度的体外细胞毒活性,大部分化合物对耐药的K562细胞具有较好的细胞毒活性。结论通过对鬼臼毒素进行结构修饰,能够增强其抗肿瘤活性。     

N-苄氧羰基甘氨酰-L-脯氨酸-鬼臼毒素衍生物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性

以鬼臼毒素（podophyllotoxin）、N-苄氧羰基甘氨酰-L-脯氨酸为原料,首次合成了10个新型鬼臼毒素衍生物（Ⅲa～Ⅲi、Ⅳ）,目标化合物结构经1H NMR、13C NMR和MS确认。采用MTT法测试化合物Ⅲa～Ⅲi和Ⅳ对HepG2、THP-1、HeLa、MCF-7细胞的抑制活性。结果表明：所有目标化合物均具有不同程度的抑制活性,其中化合物Ⅲa对HepG2细胞的活性最突出,IC50达0.58 nmol/L。通过分子对接模拟技术进一步研究了化合物Ⅲa和FAPα酶的结合模式,Ⅲa可以与FAPα酶的多个位点产生相互作用,值得进一步研究其抗肿瘤机制。     

Mucor fragilis as a novel source of the key pharmaceutical agents podophyllotoxin and kaempferol

Context: Podophyllotoxin, a pharmaceutically important bioactive compound of Podophyllum sps. (Berberidaceae), is in great demand worldwide as an anticancer and antivirus drug precursor. However, the source of podophyllotoxin is very limited due to the endangered status of the Podophyllum plant.

Objective: The aim of this study was to isolate podophyllotoxin-producing endophytic fungi from Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (Royle) Ying (1979) (Berberidaceae) plants of the Taibai Mountains of China in order to obtain bioactive compounds.

Materials and methods: The strains producing kaempferol and podophyllotoxin were screened by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analysis. The presence of kaempferol and podophyllotoxin in extracts of these strains was further confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses.

Results: Among six endophytic fungi isolated from the rhizomes of S. hexandrum, one strain was able to produce kaempferol. Another strain, named TW5, was able to produce both kaempferol and podophyllotoxin simultaneously according to the TLC, HPLC, and NMR results. The podophyllotoxin yield of TW5 was calculated to be 49.3?μg/g of mycelial dry weight after 7-d fermentation. Strain TW5 was identified morphologically and phylogenetically to be Mucor fragilis Fresen. (Mucoraceae). These results suggest that the podophyllotoxin-synthesizing ability is obtained by uptaking genes involved in the podophyllotoxin synthesis from the host plant into endophytic fungal genomes.

Conclusion: Our results showed, for the first time, that the endophytic fungus M. fragilis is able to produce simultaneously the same two bioactive metabolites, podophyllotoxin and kaempferol, as its host plant. Furthermore, the relatively high podophyllotoxin yield obtained may improve the industrial production of podophyllotoxin, which may help protect this endangered plant.     

Podophyllum hexandrum Offers Radioprotection by Modulating Free Radical Flux: Role of Aryl-Tetralin Lignans

We have evaluated the effect of variation in aryl-tetralin lignans on the radioprotective properties of Podophyllum hexandrum. Two fractionated fractions of P. hexandrum [methanolic (S1) and chloroform fractions (S2)], with varying aryl-tetralin lignan content were utilized for the present study. The peroxyl ion scavenging potentials of S1 and S2 were found to be comparable [i.e. 45.88% (S1) and 41% (S2)] after a 48 h interval in a time-dependent study, whereas in a 2 h study, S2 exhibited significant (P < 0.05) antioxidant activity in different metal ion + flux states. In the aqueous phase, S2 exhibited non-site-specific reactive oxygen species scavenging activity, i.e. 73.12% inhibition at 500 mug ml(-1). S1 exhibited 58.40 +/- 0.8% inhibition (at 0.025 mug ml(-1)) of the formation of reactive nitrite radicals, comparable to S2 (52.45 +/- 0.825%), and also showed 45.01% site-specific activity (1000 mug ml(-1)), along with significant (P < 0.05) electron donation potential (50-2000 mug ml(-1)) compared to S2. Such activities of S1 could be attributed to the significantly (P < 0.05) higher levels of podophyllotoxin beta-d-glucopyranoside (16.5 times) and demethyl podophyllotoxin glucoside (2.9 times) compared with S2. Together, these findings clearly prove that aryl-tetralin lignan content influences the radiation protective potential of the Podophyllum fractions to a great extent.     

鬼臼毒素固体脂质纳米粒凝胶治疗复发性尖锐湿疣的随机双盲对照研究

目的 评价鬼臼毒素固体脂质纳米粒凝胶治疗复发性尖锐湿疣的疗效和安全性.方法 选择适当的复发性尖锐湿疣患者,采用鬼臼毒素脂质纳米粒凝胶与普通鬼臼毒素凝胶进行随机双盲、对照研究,主要观察近期治疗效果、抗复发情况及局部不良反应.结果 鬼臼毒素脂质纳米粒凝胶对尖锐湿疣的首次清除率(97.1%)与普通的鬼臼毒素凝胶剂(90.6%)相近(P＞0.05),但复发率和不良反应发生率明显偏低(P＜0.01).结论 鬼臼毒素脂质纳米粒凝胶局部外用不良反应轻微,耐受性好,并能降低尖锐湿疣复发率.     

掌叶大黄悬浮培养细胞和根培养体系对鬼臼毒素的生物转化研究

目的:对鬼臼毒素进行生物转化研究。方法:利用已经建立的掌叶大黄细胞悬浮体系、根培养体系进行转化,色谱法分离化合物,波谱法鉴定转化产物的结构。结果:细胞悬浮体系使73.8%的鬼臼毒素发生了转化,根培养体系使56.3%的鬼臼毒素发生了转化。2种体系对鬼臼毒素的转化产物不同,前者转化生成鬼臼苦素,后者主要转化形成表鬼臼毒素和脱水鬼臼毒素。结论:鬼臼毒素对掌叶大黄细胞悬浮系统和根培养系统的pH无明显影响;2种掌叶大黄组织培养体系均能转化鬼臼毒素。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定微乳凝胶剂中鬼臼毒素的含量*

目的:建立测定鬼臼毒素微乳凝胶剂中鬼臼毒素含量的方法。方法:采用反相高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为Lichrospher C_(18)(250 mm×4．6 mm,5μm),以甲醇-水(63:37)为流动相,流速为0．8 mL·min~(-1),检测波长为292 nm。结果:鬼臼毒素在200～800μg·mL~(-1)范围内呈良好的线性关系,r=0．999 9。平均回收率为99．6％,RSD为0．6％;精密度与溶液稳定性RSD分别为0．2％和0．2％。结论:方法快速,重现性、精密度及准确度均能满足鬼臼毒素含量测定要求。