痹祺胶囊治疗类风湿性关节炎的药效研究及网络机制预测

目的 基于Ⅱ型胶原诱导的类风湿性关节炎（rheumatoid arthritis,RA）大鼠模型和网络药理学方法探讨痹祺胶囊的药效作用及作用机制。方法 SD大鼠采用Ⅱ型胶原蛋白造模,造模成功大鼠随机分为模型组,痹祺胶囊（0.05、0.10、0.20、0.40 g/kg）组及泼尼松（10 mg/kg）组和雷公藤总苷（10 mg/kg）组,连续给药15 d。持续监测大鼠体质量、足趾肿胀度和关节炎评分,苏木素-伊红染色考察大鼠踝关节病理变化,ELISA法测定血清细胞因子含量,初步评价痹祺胶囊治疗效果。选择痹祺胶囊中39个化合物为研究对象,依据反向药效团匹配方法和TCMSP、Uniprot等数据库预测化合物作用靶点,与通过OMIM、Dis Ge Net等数据库收集的RA相关靶点相互交互,将交互靶点借助Omicsbean、STRING等数据库平台对获得靶点进行基因本体功能和京都基因与基因组百科全书（Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG）通路富集分析,利用Cytoscape软件构建“药材-化合物-靶点-通路-功效-疾病”网络,预测其可能的作用机制...     

异甘草素诱导人卵巢癌细胞株SKOV3凋亡及自噬的研究

目的：观察异甘草素（ISL）对人卵巢浆液性乳头状腺癌细胞株SKOV3体外增殖的抑制作用,并探讨其可能存在的分子机制。方法四甲基偶氮唑蓝（MTT）比色法观察ISL对SKOV3细胞生长的抑制作用;吖啶橙／溴化乙锭双荧光染色后观察细胞形态变化;流式细胞术AnnexinⅤ‐FITC／PI双染检测ISL对细胞凋亡的影响;Westernblot检测凋亡相关蛋白Bcl‐2、Bax及自噬相关蛋白Beclin1、LC3的表达水平。结果ISL能够抑制SKOV3细胞的增殖,呈时间、剂量依赖性;荧光染色后可见细胞核变圆,碎裂,染色质浓缩;流式细胞仪检测ISL（5、10、20μg／mL）作用于SKOV3细胞48h后,凋亡率明显高于ISL0μg／mL组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;Westernblot结果显示ISL（5、10、20μg／mL）作用于SKOV3细胞48h后Bcl‐2蛋白的表达下调,Bax、Beclin1、LC3蛋白的表达上调,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论ISL对人卵巢癌SKOV3细胞具有明显的抑制增殖和诱导凋亡的作用,其抗体外肿瘤机制可能与激活线粒体凋亡通路及自噬通路相关。     

红芪中5种黄酮类成分对大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞和成骨细胞成骨分化的影响

目的研究红芪中毛蕊异黄酮、芒柄花素、芒柄花苷、异甘草素和美迪紫檀素5种黄酮类成分对大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(rat bone marrow stromal cells,rBMSCs)和颅骨成骨细胞(rat calvarial osteoblasts,ROBs)成骨性分化的影响。方法贴壁分离法培养rBMSCs;酶消解法分离培养ROBs;MTT法检测rBMSCs和ROBs细胞的增殖情况;试剂盒检测rBMSCs和ROBs的碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性和Ca~(2+)含量;茜素红染色法检测矿化结节形成。结果 5种成分均能不同程度促进rBMSCs和ROBs的增殖,提高ALP活性,增加Ca~(2+)含量,增加钙化结节面积和数量(P0.05)。其中毛蕊异黄酮促进rBMSCs的成骨分化作用最佳,美迪紫檀素促进ROBs的成骨分化作用最佳,毛蕊异黄酮次之。结论这5种黄酮类成分对rBMSCs和ROBs的成骨功能均有一定程度地改善作用,而毛蕊异黄酮对2种细胞表现的成骨活性均较佳,可发展作为良好的骨诱导活性因子。     

Review of pharmacological effects of Glycyrrhiza sp. and its bioactive compounds

The roots and rhizomes of licorice (Glycyrrhiza) species have long been used worldwide as a herbal medicine and natural sweetener. Licorice root is a traditional medicine used mainly for the treatment of peptic ulcer, hepatitis C, and pulmonary and skin diseases, although clinical and experimental studies suggest that it has several other useful pharmacological properties such as antiinflammatory, antiviral, antimicrobial, antioxidative, anticancer activities, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective and cardioprotective effects. A large number of components have been isolated from licorice, including triterpene saponins, flavonoids, isoflavonoids and chalcones, with glycyrrhizic acid normally being considered to be the main biologically active component. This review summarizes the phytochemical, pharmacological and pharmacokinetics data, together with the clinical and adverse effects of licorice and its bioactive components.     

异甘草素和Flutamide联合应用对人前列腺癌细胞体外增殖的抑制作用

目的观察异甘草素(ISL)和Flutamide联合应用对人前列腺癌细胞体外增殖的抑制作用。方法采用MTT法测定细胞增殖,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡,逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)分析Bcl-2表达。结果ISL和不同浓度Flutamide联合用药比单独应用Flutamide对前列腺癌PC-3细胞增殖抑制作用明显增强(P<0.01),同时显著下调Bcl-2基因表达,增加癌细胞凋亡。结论ISL和Flutamide联合应用对前列腺癌PC-3细胞增殖抑制作用明显增强,其机制可能与下调Bcl-2基因表达及增加癌细胞凋亡有关。     

Isoliquiritigenin inhibits the proliferation and induces the apoptosis of human non-small cell lung cancer a549 cells

1. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) is a natural pigment with the simple chalcone structure 4,2',4'-trihydroxychalcone. In the present study, we report, for the first time, ISL-induced inhibition of the proliferation of the human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cell line. 2. The results showed that ISL not only inhibited A549 cell proliferation, but also induced apoptosis and blocked cell cycle progression in the G1 phase. An ELISA assay demonstrated that ISL significantly increased the expression of p53 and p21/WAF1 protein, which caused cell cycle arrest. 3. An enhancement in Fas and its two ligands, namely membrane-bound Fas ligand (mFasL) and soluble Fas ligand (sFasL), may be responsible for the apoptotic effect induced by ISL. 4. Taken together, the results indicate that the p53 and Fas/FasL apoptotic system may participate in the antiproliferative activity of ISL in A549 cells.     

HPLC同时测定甘蒲祛斑凝胶中甘草素、异甘草素、甘草查尔酮A的含量

目的: 建立同时测定甘蒲祛斑凝胶中甘草素、异甘草素、甘草查尔酮A含量的方法。方法: 采用高效液相色谱法,Agilent HC-C₁₈色谱柱 (4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),流动相0.05%磷酸水(A)-乙腈(B)梯度洗脱(0~4 min,80%A;4~18 min,80%~65% A;18~22 min,65%~62% A;22~25 min,62% A,25~30 min,62%~55% A;30~35 min,55% A,35～45 min,55%~50% A;45~50 min,50%~55% A;50~60 min,55%~80% A),柱温30 ℃,流速0.8 mL·min^-1,检测波长276,368 nm。结果: 甘草素、异甘草素、甘草查尔酮A的线性范围分别为0.050 4~0.403 2 (r=1),0.039 4~0.315 2 (r=1),1.638~8.192 μg (r=0.999 9);甘草素平均回收率为98.81%,RSD 1.7%;异甘草素平均回收率为99.16%,RSD 1.2%;甘草查尔酮A平均回收率为97.68%,RSD 1.0%。结论: 该方法简便、灵敏度高、专属性强,可用于甘蒲祛斑凝胶中3种指标性成分的含量测定。     

AMPK-mediated GSK3β inhibition by isoliquiritigenin contributes to protecting mitochondria against iron-catalyzed oxidative stress

Isoliquiritigenin (ILQ), a flavonoid compound originated from Glycyrrhiza species, is known to activate SIRT1. Arachidonic acid (AA) in combination with iron (a catalyst of auto-oxidation) leads cells to produce excess reactive species with a change in mitochondrial permeability transition. In view of the importance of oxidative stress in cell death and inflammation, this study investigated the potential of ILQ to protect cells against the mitochondrial impairment induced by AA + iron and the underlying basis for this cytoprotection. Treatment with ILQ inhibited apoptosis induced by AA + iron, as evidenced by alterations in the levels of the proteins associated with cell viability: ILQ prevented a decrease in Bcl-x_L, and cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase and procaspase-3. Moreover, ILQ inhibited the ability of AA + iron to elicit mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, superoxide generation in mitochondria was attenuated by ILQ treatment. Consistently, ILQ prevented cellular H₂O₂ production increased by AA + iron, thereby enabling cells to restore GSH content. ILQ treatment enhanced inhibitory phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β), and prevented a decrease in the GSK3β phosphorylation elicited by AA + iron, which contributed to protecting cells and mitochondria. GSK3β phosphorylation by ILQ was preceded by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, which was also responsible for mitochondrial protection, as shown by reversal of its effect in the experiments using a dominant negative mutant of AMPK and compound C. Moreover, the AMPK activation led to GSK3β phosphorylation. These results demonstrate that ILQ has the ability to protect cells from AA + iron-induced H₂O₂ production and mitochondrial dysfunction, which is mediated with GSK3β phosphorylation downstream of AMPK.