酶组化显示睾丸LDH－X方法的再探讨

对小鼠睾丸冰冻切片ＬＤＨ－Ｘ的显示方法作了进一步探讨。实验表明，以Ｌ－２－羟基－３－甲基戊酸（ＨＭＶ）为特异性底物，能相当有效地显示睾丸ＬＤＨ－Ｘ的分布，且该底物的配制方法简便易行。在显示ＬＤＨ－Ｘ的孵育液中采用萘酚蓝（ＮＢ）作中间递电子体较吩嗪甲基硫酸酯更具优越性。     

甲乙型肝炎血清MAO同工酶活性变化研究

用荧光分光光度法检测了血清单胺氧化酶（ＭＡＯ）同工酶Ａ（ＭＡＯ－Ａ）和同工酶Ｂ（ＭＡＯ－Ｂ）活性，结果表明血清ＭＡＯ－Ｂ活性急性期甲肝组较正常对照组显著升高，慢性期乙肝极显著升高；二型肝炎组的ＭＡＯ－Ａ活性升高程度无统计学意义。二型肝炎ＭＡＯ同工酶活性改变与其它肝功生化指标无明显相关性，表现血清ＭＡＯ同工酶活性与肝功损害程度不相关。     

火药爆炸复合烧伤大鼠血浆CK-MB与心肌MDA变化

目的 探讨烟花火药爆炸复合烧伤大鼠血浆肌酸激酶心肌同工酶(CK—MB)与心肌丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化。方法 Wistar大鼠128只，随机分为正常对照组(n=8)、烧伤组(n=40)、爆炸伤组(n=40)和复合伤组(n=40)，分别致伤形成大鼠20％体表面积Ⅲ度烧伤、火药爆炸伤和两者复合伤。动态观察大鼠伤后1、3、6、12、24h血浆CK—MB，心肌MDA含量并进行相关分析。结果 复合伤组较单因素致伤组大鼠血浆CK—MB升高明显，心肌组织MDA含量呈类似变化，CK—MB与MDA有相关性。结论 烟花火药爆炸复合烧伤对大鼠心肌的损害较单纯烧伤或爆炸伤更为严重，提示烧伤和爆炸伤有协同致伤作用，氧自由基代谢紊乱参与烟花火药爆炸复合烧伤后心肌的损伤。     

Expression of 5α-Reductase Type 2 Gene in Human Testis, Epididymis and Vas Deferens

Objectives To study the expression pattern of 5α-reductase type 2 gene in human male reproductive organsMethods The expression level of 5α-reductase type 2 gene inhuman testis, epididymis and vas deferens tissues was determined by in situ hybridization using Digoxin labeled 5α-reductase type 2 cRNA probe.Results The brown granules of hybridizing signals distributed in the cytoplasm of Sertoli and Leydig cells of the testis, the principle cells of epididymis and the epithelial cells of vas deferens, but there was no positive signal in the nuclei of above-mentioned cells. No positive signal was observed in germ cells, basement of the testis, interstium of epididymis and basement, as well as smooth muscle of vas deferens. Conclusion This study confirmed that the 5α-reductase type 2 gene expressed in Sertoli , Leydig cells of the testis, and the principle cells of epididymis. The expression pattern of the gene in these cells in human was similar to that of rat and monkey. The presence of 5α-reductase t     

琼脂糖等电聚焦法快速测定碱性磷酸酶同工酶

本研究的目的是建立高灵敏度分离碱性磷酸酶同工酶的方法，具体采用琼脂糖等电聚焦法分离其同工酶，电泳前先用神经氨酸苷酶对几种组织提取液和病人血清进行处理。该法可将肝、骨、小肠以及胎盘同工酶分离出多条区带，具有操作简单、灵敏度和分辨率高、重复性好的优点     

Isoenzymes of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase in liver diseases

Summary A new method for the separation of isoenzymes of-glutamyl-transpeptidase is described, using electrophoresis on acetate cellulose gel and a developing solution composed by-glutamyl-naphthylamide, and a colored diazonium compound.The method permits the separation of up to four different isoenzymes, which we called-GT₁,-GT₂,-GT₃,-GT₄, the first two showing an electrophoretic migration similar to that of ₁- and ₂-globulins and the other two to that of-globulins.The present technique has proved its usefulness in detecting isoenzymes in serum with values of total-glutamyl-transpeptidase higher than 80 U/L.The application of this method in 52 patients with different types of biliary obstruction and hepatocellular damage has shown that it provides new possibilities in differential diagnosis.     

Expression of alpha-amylase isoenzymes and trypsin by the proliferating epithelium of large intrahepatic bile ducts and intrahepatic peribiliary glands in hepatolithiasis

The expression of alpha-amylase isoenzymes (pancreatic and salivary) and trypsin by the epithelium of large intrahepatic bile ducts and peribiliary glands was examined immunohistochemically in hepatolithiasis ( n = 22), extrahepatic biliary obstruction ( n = 20) and normal liver ( n = 22). Hepatolithiasis was associated with marked proliferation of bile duct cells and peribiliary glands. Expression of pancreatic and salivary amylase was observed in the proliferating bile duct cells and peribiliary glands of all livers, and trypsin was found in 68% of the livers. In extrahepatic biliary obstruction, proliferation of the biliary epithelium was less marked, but expression of amylase isoenzymes was observed in all livers and trypsin was found in 50%. All normal livers showed expression of amylase isoenzymes in large intrahepatic bile ducts, septal bile ducts and peribiliary glands, and trypsin was found in 73%. The density of enzyme-containing acini was highest in hepatolithiasis, intermediate in extrahepatic biliary obstruction and lowest in normal liver. These results show that the proliferating biliary epithelium in hepatolithiasis contains amylase isoenzymes and trypsin and that biliary epithelium retains the ability to produce these enzymes after proliferation, suggesting that a large amount of amylase isoenzymes and trypsin may be secreted into the bile ducts in hepatolithiasis. These enzymes may play an important role in the pathophysiology of hepatolithiasis.     

血清肌红蛋白动态变化对急性心肌梗死病人冠脉再通的诊断价值

①目的探讨血清肌红蛋白是否可作为判断急性心肌梗死(AMI)再灌注的一个早期指标.②方法测定44例急性心肌梗死病人溶栓治疗前后血清肌红蛋白和CK-MB水平.采用双抗体法检测血清肌红蛋白,酶联耦合法检测血清CK-MB.③结果再灌注组肌红蛋白上升速度快,酶峰出现在发病后(5.53士1.19)h,而未灌注组肌红蛋白上升速度缓慢,酶峰出现在发病后(10.00±1.59)h.两组肌红蛋白酶峰出现时间比较有显著差异(t=9.37,P＜0.001).再灌注组CK-MB活性峰值出现在发病后(13.00±1.36)h,未灌注组CK-MB活性峰值出现在发病后(22.86±1.87)h,两组比较有显著差异(t=17.67,P＜0.001).再灌注组肌红蛋白酶峰前移的灵敏度为90.3%,特异度为84.6%.再灌注组CK-MB活性峰值前移的灵敏度为90.0%,特异度为80.2%.再灌注组肌红蛋白酶峰与CK-MB活性峰值出现时间比较也有显著差异(t=22.67,P＜0.001),但二者酶峰前移的灵敏度和特异度比较,差异均无显著性(x2=0.002,0.157,P＞0.05).④结论血清肌红蛋白可作为判断急性心肌梗死病人冠脉再通的一个早期指标.     

手术病人轻、中度急性等容血液稀释时心脏代偿功能及心肌酶谱的改变

目的 :测定非心脏外科手术病人应用急性等容血液稀释 (ANHD)时 ,心输出量 (CO)、心脏射血量 (SV)及心肌酶谱的改变 ,评价心脏在氧供降低时的氧合情况及心肌是否缺氧受损。方法 :选择临床大中型非心脏外科手术病人 40例 ,ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级 ,麻醉平稳后正常体温下行ANHD ,测定不同程度血液稀释 (HD)时 (HD1、HD2 、HD3 的HCT分别约为 2 8% ,2 5 % ,2 3% ) ,心输出量 (CO)、心脏射血量 (SV)及心肌酶谱的改变。结果 :从HD1～HD3,即使在HD3 水平 ,CO(SV)下降时 ,心肌酶均未升高 ,回输血后心肌酶谱升高 ,与HD前比差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :手术病人进行轻、中度ANHD时 ,当CO(SV)降低 ,心脏失代偿时 ,未出现心肌酶的升高 ,再次说明心肌未受损     

Expression of pyruvate kinase M2 in preneoplastic hepatic foci of N-nitrosomorpholine-treated rats

 The expression of the pyruvate kinase (PK) isoenzymes L and M₂ was analysed in the livers of rats treated with the hepatocarcinogenic agent N-nitrosomorpholine (NNM) in the drinking water. In control animals L-PK expression was restricted to liver parenchymal cells, whereas M₂-PK was detected in bile duct epithelial, blood vessel wall, endothelial and Kupffer cells. In rats treated with NNM proliferating oval cells were consistently L-PK negative and M₂-PK positive, while the ductal cells of cholangiofibroses were clearly L-PK positive and coexpressed M₂-PK. However, no morphological differentiation of ductal cells into hepatocyte-like cells was observed. In the clear and acidophilic cell foci storing glycogen in excess strong staining for L-PK was observed. In glycogen-poor foci induced by NNM a shift from L-PK to M₂-PK expression takes place. Received: 24 March 1998 / Accepted: 13 November 1998