HIV GP120对人和无脊椎动物免疫细胞的抑制作用

通过人工合成了人类免疫缺陷性病毒（Ｈｕｍａｎｉｍｍｕｎｏｄｅｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙｖｉｒｕｓ，ＨＩＶ）糖蛋白肽ＧＰ１２０对人和无脊椎动物（Ｍｙｔｉｌｕｓｅｄｕｌｉｓ）免疫细胞的抑制作用的研究。人单核细胞和Ｍｙｔｉｌｕｓｅｄｕｌｉｓ免疫细胞分别与ＧＰ１２０保温后，均抑制细胞的吞噬细菌（Ｐｓｕｄｏｍｏｎａｓｓｔｒｅｔｚｉ）作用。应用计算机显微图像术（Ｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒ－ａｓｓｉｓｔｅｄｍｉｃｒｏｓｃｏｐｙ）直     

免疫相关细胞水平在乳腺癌中的预测及预后价值

乳腺癌是女性高发的恶性肿瘤,目前乳腺癌的综合治疗使其死亡率较前明显降低。随着肿瘤免疫学的发展,乳腺癌的免疫治疗或将成为除手术、放化疗、内分泌治疗及靶向治疗外的新的治疗手段。乳腺癌的相关免疫指标对乳腺癌化疗疗效及其预后的影响也是目前研究的热点,其结果将为乳腺癌个体治疗提供新的思路。本文主要就乳腺癌的相关免疫细胞水平的预测及预后价值进行综述。      

脐血细胞生物学特性的研究

目的 :研究单份脐血造血干 /祖细胞 (HSC/ HPC)的质和量 ,脐血中的干细胞、免疫细胞的表型特征。方法 :收集 2 0份脐血 ,采用 6 %的羟乙基淀粉沉淀去除红细胞 (RBC) ,利用甲基纤维素半固体培养法培养和观察 HSC/ HPC的集落生成情况 ,以了解增殖能力 ,用流式细胞仪检测脐血 CD34 + CD38- 、CD34 + 、CD34 + CD38+ 细胞量及免疫细胞的表型特性。结果 :2 0份脐血采集量在 4 0 m L～ 16 5 m L 之间 ,均数为 (78± 2 3) m L。每次收集的有核细胞 (NC)数在 4 .8×10 8～ 4 .6× 10 9之间 ,均数为 (1.4 3± 0 .96 )× 10 9,NC的回收率为 86 .6 %。脐血中 CD34 + CD35-细胞数占 NC总数的 (0 .10 2± 0 .0 70 ) % ,平均为 (0 .12 0± 0 .0 90 )× 10 7/份 ,CD34 + 细胞占 NC总数的 (1.2 9± 0 .31) % ,平均为 (1.4 2± 0 .92 )×10 7个 /份 ,CFU- GM为 (2 .5 4± 2 .0 2 )× 10 6个 ,BFU- E为 (1.4 1± 1.39)× 10 6个 ,CFU- GEMM(1.6 0± 2 .30 )× 10 5个 ,CD4 + T细胞表达 CD4 5RA为 (89.95± 7.86 ) % ,CD8+ T细胞表达 CD4 5RA为 (99.5 8± 3.4 6 ) % ,均显著高于成人外周血 T淋巴细胞 (P<0 .0 1) ,结论 :单份脐血的 HSC/ HPC含量可以满足体重较轻的 (<5 0 kg成人和儿童患者移植的需要 ,体重 ) ,5 0 kg以上的     

母-胎界面交互对话介导母-胎免疫耐受

生理妊娠类似于胚胎作为移植物的同种异体移植。母-胎界面介导胚胎移植物与母体的交互作用,而这种细胞间交互作用在形成母-胎免疫耐受方面起着重要作用。胚胎通过滋养层细胞直接与母体交互对话,同时也诱导并调节蜕膜免疫细胞对于胚源性抗原的耐受,以此来维持妊娠的顺利进行。     

超氧化物歧化酶对小鼠肝脏和免疫细胞的辐射防护作用

目的 探讨超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的辐射防护作用。方法 观察直线加速器X线分次照射对小鼠肝脏和免疫细胞的影响，以及照射前给予SOD对肝脏和免疫细胞的保护作用。结果 与照射对照组比较，SOD可降低受照小鼠肝组织匀浆中的活性氧（ROS）（P＜0.05），同时明显减轻受照小鼠肝组织匀浆中谷胱甘肽过氧化氢酶（GSH－Px）、过氧化氢酶(Cat)活性下降的程度（P＜0.01），提高小鼠全脾淋巴细胞（P＜0.05）、外周血白细胞（P＜0.01）和相对淋巴细胞计数（P＜0.05），脾淋巴细胞凋亡率呈下降趋势。结论 抗氧化酶活性的降低和活性氧作用的增强可能是电离辐射引起机体过氧化损伤，导致组织细胞功能异常的重要原因。SOD对小鼠正常器官具有辐射防护作用，可能是由于其协同其他抗氧化酶清除活性氧所致。     

流式细胞术分析小鼠外周血免疫细胞全血裂解试剂比较研究

本研究探讨流式细胞术外周血样本制备中红细胞裂解液的作用.用流式细胞术检测进口的商品化红细胞裂解液OptiLyse C(Beckman Coulter),FACS Lysing Solution(BD Pharmingen)以及自制裂解液RBC Lysis Buffer裂解小鼠外周血红细胞后免疫细胞的表达情况并进行了对比分析.结果表明,用3种裂解液制备样本中CD3e+、CD3e+CD4+、CD3e+CDSa+、CD3e-CD19+、CD3e-NK1.1+和Gr-1+细胞的百分比均无明显差异(p>0.05);而OptiLyse C裂解液更适于Gr-1+细胞测定,不适于Foxp3+Tregs细胞测定;FACS Lysing Solution和自制RBC Lysis Buffer适于Foxp3+Tregs细胞测定.结论:应用自制RBC Lysis Buffer裂解液,按标准化操作程序制备流式样本,能够达到进口的商品化裂解液OptiLyse C的效果,它不仅能满足实验要求,又可降低试剂成本,可推广应用.     

Cell-mediated drug delivery

Introduction: Drug targeting to sites of tissue injury, tumor or infection with limited toxicity is the goal for successful pharmaceutics. Immunocytes (including mononuclear phagocytes (dendritic cells, monocytes and macrophages), neutrophils and lymphocytes) are highly mobile; they can migrate across impermeable barriers and release their drug cargo at sites of infection or tissue injury. Thus, immune cells can be exploited as Trojan horses for drug delivery.

Areas covered: This paper reviews how immunocytes laden with drugs can cross the blood–brain or blood–tumor barriers to facilitate treatments for infectious diseases, injury, cancer, or inflammatory diseases. The promises and perils of cell-mediated drug delivery are reviewed, with examples of how immunocytes can be harnessed to improve therapeutic end points.

Expert opinion: Using cells as delivery vehicles enables targeted drug transport and prolonged circulation times, along with reductions in cell and tissue toxicities. Such systems for drug carriage and targeted release represent a new disease-combating strategy being applied to a spectrum of human disorders. The design of nanocarriers for cell-mediated drug delivery may differ from those used for conventional drug delivery systems; nevertheless, engaging different defense mechanisms in drug delivery may open new perspectives for the active delivery of drugs.     

急性冠脉综合征患者外周免疫细胞的变化及临床意义

目的 探讨急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者外周血中免疫细胞的表达变化及其临床意义.方法 采用流式细胞术检测24例急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者、22例不稳定性心绞痛(UA)患者、26例稳定性心绞痛(SA)患者和20例冠状动脉造影正常(NCA)的对照组的外周血T淋巴细胞亚群、CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞(Treg细胞)、NK细胞和NKT细胞的表达水平.结果 与对照组和SA组比较,AMI组和UA组患者外周血CD4+T细胞的表达明显升高(P＜0.05),CD8+T细胞、CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞、NK细胞和NKT细胞水平显著降低(P ＜0.05); AMI患者CD4+T细胞明显高于UA患者,而CD8+T细胞和Treg细胞则显著低于UA患者(均P＜0.05); SA组患者除CD4+CD25+CD127kw Treg细胞表达率显著低于NCA组外,其余各指标与NCA组均无明显差异(均P ＞0.05).结论 ACS患者外周T细胞亚群、调节性T细胞、NK细胞和NKT细胞的异常表达反映其免疫调节受损,免疫细胞表达的变化与ACS的发生发展密切相关,免疫细胞可能成为ACS发病机制研究和干预治疗的重要靶点.     

结肠癌术后化疗对外周血免疫细胞比例及凋亡的影响

目的研究结肠癌术后化疗患者外周血免疫细胞亚群变化特点、淋巴细胞凋亡状况及其意义。方法应用流式细胞术对40例结肠癌患者手术前后(术前1d、术后3d、化疗前1d)、化疗过程(化疗第3d、化疗后3d)中外周血T淋巴细胞亚群及NK细胞水平进行检测,以AnnexinV/PI双标流式细胞术对淋巴细胞凋亡、坏死状况进行检测。结果结肠癌根治术后3d,患者外周血T淋巴细胞及NK细胞数量较术前有所减少,但无显著差异(P>0.05)。至化疗前1d,患者外周血CD3 ,CD4 T细胞及NK细胞数量较术前显著增高(P<0.01),但CD8 T细胞数量减少(P<0.05)。化疗3d后,患者外周血CD3 ,CD4 ,CD8 T细胞及NK细胞水平较术前全面下降(P<0.05),但CD4 /CD8 比例变化不大,而淋巴细胞凋亡坏死比例明显升高。至化疗结束后3天,T淋巴细胞各亚群及NK细胞数量开始逐渐回升。结论结肠癌根治术手术本身对患者外周血淋巴细胞及NK细胞影响不大,术后患者免疫细胞水平明显升高,机体免疫状况明显改善。化疗可造成患者机体的一过性免疫抑制,可能与其造成机体淋巴细胞的凋亡坏死有关。     

Effect of prolonged exposure to morphine on responsiveness of human and invertebrate immunocytes to stimulatory molecules

This study deals with a novel role of morphine in the modulation of cellular responsiveness to immunostimulatory substances that, at first glance, appears to be in contrast to the well documented immunoinhibitory short-term effects of opiate alkaloids on cells simultaneously exposed to stimulatory molecules. Vertebrate and invertebrate immunocytes pre-exposed to morphine (10⁻ M) in vitro for at least 24 h prior to the administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 1.0 μ/ml) or other immunoactivating substances have revealed a distinct enhancement of their responsiveness to these signals e.g. monocytes exposed to LPS alone resulted in 21% activation, whereas the morphine pretreated level was at 40% (P < 0.01). Prolonged pretreatment with morphine of naive human monocytes had the same effect on their sensitivity to plasma from patients having undergone cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) operations followed by a diffuse inflammatory response. These results suggest that endogenous opiates may participate, in more than one way, in re-establishing an organism's readiness to meet a new demand on its immune system. Additional support for the concept of a role of endogenous opiates in immunomodulation was obtained by the results of in vivo tests with experimentally induced stress in Mytilus. Following their stress-induced stimulation, these animals' immunocytes could be shown to become exposed for some time to a measurable rise in endogenous morphine-like material (9 pmol/ml increasing to 59). These immunocytes, like those preincubated with exogenous morphine, displayed a heightened sensitivity to stimulation by LPS (control 21.3 ± 3.1% activation compared to 47.2 ± 5.1) when the morphine levels dropped. The mechanism of this enhancement of responsiveness to immunostimulation following the prolonged exposure of immunocytes to morphine, and its relationship with the known short-term immunoinhibitory opiate effects on the immune system, remains to be ascertained.