Validation of a Flow-Through Diffusion Cell for Use in Transdermal Research

A flow-through finite-dose diffusion cell has been designed for use in transdermal drug delivery research. The diffusion cell consists of an upper donor chamber and a lower receiver compartment through which a continuous supply of fresh solvent flows. The flow is directed to an automatic fraction collector. To validate the flow-through cell, its performance was compared directly against that of a conventional single-reservoir Franz cell. Homologous alkyl p-aminobenzoates were diffused through dimethylpolysiloxane membranes, and permeability coefficients increased with increasing chain length, reaching a plateau at the butyrate ester for both types of cells. This behavior suggests a shift from membrane-controlled diffusion to boundary layer control. Permeation of the butyrate and valerate compounds was significantly faster when the flow-through cell was used, suggesting that better mixing is obtained through the flow-through cell design. Considering the advantages offered in terms of time and labor saved through its use, the flow-through cell with automatic fraction collector appears to be a viable alternative to the conventional Franz cell.     

The use of innervated radial artery superficial palmar branch perforator free flap for complex digital injuries reconstruction

Loco-regional flaps have been widely used for the reconstruction of digital injuries without requiring microvascular anastomosis, however, they result in scarring and compromised functional outcomes. This study demonstrates our experience utilizing the innervated radial artery superficial palmar branch (RASPB) perforator free flap for complex digital injury reconstruction. From May 2007 to March 2014, the innervated RASPB perforator free flap was used to reconstruct 79 distal complex hand and digital soft tissue defects of which 14 were used to re-vascularise the distal digit in a flow-through fashion. All free flaps were innervated by the palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve. All 79 free flaps survived and all 14 digits re-vascularized successfully. One flow-through free flap developed distal skin necrosis which healed uneventfully without further procedure. The average follow-up was 21.5 months. Measurement of two-point discrimination ranged from 7 to 13?mm. All patients were satisfied with the aesthetic results. The innervated RASPB perforator free flap is a feasible and effective option for the reconstruction of complex digital defects and the flow-through concept, when utilized in cases with compromised vascularity, provides reliable re-vascularization. Level III, therapeutic study.     

流通池法测定复方酮康唑乳膏释放度的方法研究

目的:建立适用于复方酮康唑乳膏的释放度检查方法。方法:采用流通池法测定复方酮康唑乳膏的释放度,释放介质为0.01 mol·L~(-1)盐酸溶液,流速为8 mL·min~(-1);以 HPLC 测定释放量,使用 Symmetry C_(18)柱(3.9 mm×150 mm,5 μm),流动相0.02 mol·L~(-1)磷酸氢二钠溶液-甲醇(25:75,用磷酸调节 pH 至6.9±0.1),流速1 mL·min~(-1);检测波长为225 nm。结果:酮康唑在0.3～18μg·mL~(-1)浓度范围内线性良好(r=0.9999);平均回收率(n=9)为99.8%,RSD 为0.67%。同一厂家的复方酮康唑乳膏释放曲线稳定,在24 h 内释放药物超过65%;不同厂家的复方酮康唑乳膏释放曲线不同。结论:本方法可用于复方酮康唑乳膏的释放度检查,对于药物乳膏的质量控制具有指导意义。     

羟基喜树碱纳米脂质载体的制备及体外释放

采用“熔融乳化-高压均质法”制备以PEG40硬脂酸酯、PEG100硬脂酸酯修饰的纳米脂质载体PEG40-NLC和PEG100-NLC，并考察释放装置、NLC中脂质材料用量及释放介质流速对体外释放的影响。结果表明，PEG40-NLC和PEG100-NLC在桨-反向动态透析法和流通池-动态透析法中的释放曲线相似，而在转篮-动态透析法中的释放曲线与前二种装置的释放曲线均有显著性差异。随着NLC脂质材料用量增大，释放过程中药物扩散作用增强。对流通池法，释放介质流速增大，药物的释放加快。     

Measurement of Rapid Release Kinetics for Drug Delivery

A fluorescence measurement system and methods of data analysis were developed to measure rapid kinetics of transdermal transport in vitro. Three variations on the technique were demonstrated, where the receptor compartment concentration was determined by: 1) fluorescence measurements of aliquots removed at discrete time points, 2) continuous fluorescence measurements made directly in the receptor compartment using a custom-made fluorimeter cuvette as a permeation chamber, and 3) continuous fluorescence measurements made in a flow-through cuvette containing receptor solution continuously pumped from a flow-through permeation chamber. In each case, the measured signal was a convolution of the time-dependent molecular flux (the desired information) and the characteristic response of the measurement system. Algorithms for deconvolution of the signal were derived theoretically. For the most complicated case, (3), the experimental confirmation is shown here, proving a time resolution on the order of half a minute.     

腮腺肿瘤中HPV37种亚型的分布

目的探讨腮腺肿瘤(Parotid Gland Tumor)与人乳头状瘤病毒(Human Papillomavirus,HPV)感染及其亚型的相关性。方法采用核酸分子快速导流杂交基因芯片分型技术(Hybri Max)对59例腮腺肿瘤石蜡包埋组织标本进行37种HPV亚型检测,并以20例健康志愿者的正常口腔黏膜组织为对照。结果腮腺肿瘤石蜡包埋组织标本HPV总检出率为57.6%(34/59),对照组均为阴性(0/20),两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=20.234,P<0.05);腮腺良性、恶性肿瘤组织中HPV阳性率分别为59.6%(31/52)和42.9%(3/7),两组HPV阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.189,P>0.05);腮腺肿瘤组中HPV感染亚型以高危亚型为主(80.7%),其中以HPV16、18、52型为主(61.4%);腮腺肿瘤组中HPV单一亚型、多重亚型均可感染,但以混合亚型感染为主(52.9%)。结论腮腺肿瘤的发生可能与HPV感染有相关性。腮腺肿瘤中HPV高、低危亚型均可感染,以高危亚型HPV16、18、52型感染为主。     

Rapid serodiagnosis of leptospirosis by latex agglutination test and flow-through assay

PURPOSE: Diagnosis of leptospirosis facilitates patient management and initiation of therapy. The microscopic agglutination test (MAT) is the serological test used in reference laboratories because of its high degree of sensitivity and specificity. But the results are not available quickly for patient management. In the present study, in order to develop a simple, rapid immunodiagnostic assay, one of the outer membrane proteins (OMPs), recombinant LipL41 (rLipL41) has been utilised in latex agglutination test (LAT) and flow-through assay. METHODS: Part of LipL41 gene was expressed in Escherichia coli system and purified. The rLipL41 antigen of pathogenic Leptospira interrogans serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae, which is conserved in all pathogenic Leptospira spp. was used as capture antigen in the LAT and flow-through test. Both tests are very rapid and could be completed within 5 minutes. The sensitivity and specificity of rLipL41 was assessed and evaluated in LAT and flow-through assay in comparison with standard MAT. RESULTS: The sensitivity and specificity of the LAT were 89.70 and 90.45% and flow-through assay were 89.09 and 77.70%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The developed LAT and flow-through assays were simple, rapid and economical for the detection of leptospira infection and suitable for large-scale screening of samples in endemic areas without any sophisticated equipment.     

甘肃地区女性宫颈HPV感染现状

目的了解甘肃地区女性人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染基因亚型、年龄及地区分布特点。方法采用凯普医用核酸分子快速导流杂交基因芯片技术,对2010年5月至2012年7月间7318名在兰州军区机关门诊宫颈疾病诊治中心、兰州军区总院病理科、兰州大学第二医院妇产科门诊、成县人民医院妇产科及陇南市人民医院病理科就诊的女性进行生殖道21种HPV感染基因亚型筛查。结果甘肃地区女性HPV感染率为19.9%,其中高危型HPV感染率14.78%,低危型HPV感染率3.38%; HPV16为主要致病亚型,占28.59%;HPV感染者中单一感染占81.82%,多重感染占18.18%。按年龄分组中50~岁组HPV感染率最高,占24.24%;按地区分析,陇南地区HPV感染率最高,达到30.97%。结论甘肃地区为宫颈癌高发区,对该地区女性进行子宫颈癌的筛查和防治已成为当务之急。