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1.
Olgierd Pucilowski W. Danysz D.H. Overstreet A.H. Rezvani B. Eichelman D.S. Janowsky 《Brain research bulletin》1991,26(4):621-625
The Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) of rats has been selectively bred to have increased sensitivity to cholinergic agonists. However, these rats exhibit altered responsiveness to a number of noncholinergic agents, such as apomorphine, buspirone and ethanol. This study compared the FSL and control Flinders Resistant Line (FRL) rats in terms of their hyperthermic response to the phencyclidine (PCP) receptor agonist, MK-801 (0.2 mg/kg SC) and their MK-801 binding characteristics. We have found that FSL rats react with a delayed hyperthermia, having a significantly lower hyperthermia for the first 120 min of observation. Thereafter the response does not differ in FSL and FRL rats. Both groups had similar affinities and numbers of [3H]MK-801 binding sites in the hippocampus/cerebral cortex. Pretreatment with scopolamine (1 mg/kg SC) failed to affect MK-801-induced hyperthermia in either line of rats. These findings suggest that selective breeding of FSL rats attenuated the secondary mechanisms involved in the PCP receptor-mediated hyperthermic response. However, by itself cholinergic supersensitivity does not appear to be a major factor in the blunted responsiveness of FSL rats to MK-801. 相似文献
2.
The effects of MPP+ (2.5–20 mg/kg) on the adrenal glands and heart were investigated in rats. At various periods after s.c. drug administration the rats were decapitated and tissue catecholamine levels were determined by means of HPLC with electrochemical detection. Adrenal dopamine (DA) levels were reduced at 2–8 h after MPP+ administration, but this decrease was followed by an elevation after 16 h and return to the control values after one week. Three successive injections of MPP+ caused a statistically significant elevation in adrenal DA, one day, with a tendency to elevation four and seven days after the last injection, whereas a severe (up to 96%) decrease in heart noradrenaline (NA) was found one day after the last injection. Seven days after the last injection a 50% depletion of NA in the heart was still observed. Pretreatment with GBR 12909 (30 mg/kg, 4 h) blocked the MPP+ (10 mg/kg, 2 h) induced reduction of adrenal DA levels, but at the same time GBR 12909 failed to block the effects of MPP+ in the heart. One day after three successive daily injections of MPP+ (10 mg/kg each), the DA-uptake inhibitor GBR 12909 (30 mg/kg, 6 h) could still induce an increase in adrenal DA.MPP+ appears to lack persistent cytotoxic action in the adrenal medulla but rather to cause a transient inhibition of DA synthesis followed by a compensatory stimulation. The inhibition can be blocked by specific inhibitor of the DA-uptake mechanism, suggesting a direct effect of MPP+ taken up by adrenomedullary cells. The data obtained so far do not suggest any involvement of peripheral dopaminergic nerves in the action of MPP+ on the adrenal medulla. The long-lasting depletion of the heart NA, however, suggests a lesion of peripheral noradrenergic nerves.Part of this work was presented at 6th International Symposium on Chromaffin Cell Biology, Marburg, Germany, 18–23 August 1991
Correspondence to: M. Kujacic at the above address 相似文献
3.
近交系胎鼠中脑多巴胺能神经元体外定向分化的初步研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的体外培养近交系大鼠胚胎腹侧中脑前体细胞(VMP)并诱导其分化为多巴胺能神经元(DN),为研究DN定向分化的分子机制提供细胞模型。方法取材胎龄11d的近交系大鼠胚胎VMP,体外用碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)增殖培养7d后换用L-抗坏血酸-2-磷酸酯倍半镁盐(AA-2P)诱导分化为DN,随后进行免疫荧光染色鉴定。结果细胞总数扩增49.76倍,免疫荧光染色显示β-TubulinⅢ阳性的神经元中(71.33±20.42)%为TH阳性的DN,后者占细胞总数的(24.85±12.85)%。结论近交系大鼠VMP经体外原代培养能够得到较高比例的DN,可作为深入研究DN定向分化分子机制的细胞模型。 相似文献
4.
Intrastriatal injection of the GABAA antagonist, bicuculline, caused about a 75% decrease in the inhibitory effect of the central-type benzodiazepine (BZ) agonist, clonazepam or the indoleamine hormone, melatonin, on apomorphine-induced rotation in a 6-hydroxydopamine model of dopaminergic supersensitivity. Pretreatment with the peripheral-type BZ antagonist, PK 11195 (intrastriatally or intraperitoneally), also attenuated the antidopaminergic effect of these drugs but with much less potency than bicuculline. However, the combination of both bicuculline and PK 11195, injected directly into the striatum, completely blocked the antidopaminergic action of clonazepam or melatonin. These results indicate that the antidopaminergic action of clonazepam and melatonin in the striatum involves two distinct mechanisms: (1) a predominant GABAergic activation via the BZ/GABAA receptor complex, and (2) a secondary mechanism linked to a PK 11195- sensitive BZ receptor pathway. Recent studies indicate that PK 11195 blocks BZ-induced inhibition of the adenylyl cyclase-cyclic AMP pathway in the striatum. Since cyclic AMP has been implicated in the rotational behaviour of 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned animals, it is possible that the antidopaminergic action of clonazepam and melatonin also involves suppression of this second messenger. All rights reserved. 相似文献
5.
Guidance of dopaminergic neuritic growth by immature astrocytes in organotypic cultures of rat fetal ventral mesencephalon. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Astrocytes, with their many functions in producing and controlling the environment in the brain, are of great interest when it comes to studying regeneration after injury and neurodegenerative diseases such as in grafting in Parkinson's disease. This study was performed to investigate astrocytic guidance of growth derived from dopaminergic neurons using organotypic cultures of rat fetal ventral mesencephalon. Primary cultures were studied at different time points starting from 3 days up to 28 days. Cultures were treated with either interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), which has stimulating effects on astrocytic proliferation, or the astrocytic inhibitor cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C). Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunohistochemistry was used to visualize dopaminergic neurons, and antibodies against glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S100 beta were used to label astrocytes. The results revealed that a robust TH-positive nerve fiber production was seen already at 3 days in vitro. These neurites had disappeared by 5 days. This early nerve fiber outgrowth was not guided by direct interactions with glial cells. Later, at 7 days in vitro, a second wave of TH-positive neuritic outgrowth was clearly observed. GFAP-positive astrocytic processes guided these neurites. TH-positive neurites arborized overlying S100 beta-positive astrocytes in an area distal to the GFAP-positive astrocytic processes. Treatment with IL-1 beta resulted in an increased area of TH-positive nerve fiber network. In cultures treated with Ara-C, neither astrocytes nor outgrowth of dopaminergic neurites were observed. In conclusion, this study shows that astrocytes play a major role in long-term dopaminergic outgrowth, both in axonal elongation and branching of neurites. The long-term nerve fiber growth is preceded by an early transient outgrowth of dopamine neurites. 相似文献
6.
Changes in the content of the opiate peptide Met-enkephalin at the early stages of immune response are studied in different
structures of rats brain 20 min and 24 h after immunization with sheep erythrocytes.
Translated fromByulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 123, No. 2, pp. 170–172, February, 1997 相似文献
7.
Juan Carlos Gómez-Esteban Juan Jose Zarranz Elena Lezcano Fernando Velasco Roberto Ciordia Idoia Rouco Jose Losada Iker Bilbao 《Movement disorders》2006,21(7):983-988
The aim of this research was to quantify sleep problems in patients suffering from Parkinson's disease by means of the new Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS) and to correlate such problems with the possible influence of current drug treatment. A total of 70 patients (36 men and 34 women) with a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease were enrolled. Their mean age was 69.7 +/- 8.2 years, and duration of disease was 7.4 +/- 4.8 years. All patients completed the PDSS and the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS Parts I-IV). Drug consumption and doses were registered. The mean score on the PDSS scale was 109.23 +/- 19.75 and on the UPDRS III scale was 25.24 +/- 11.35. The lowest scores were obtained in Item 3 (sleep fragmentation): 5.53 (2.46); and in Item 8 (nocturia): 5.75 (2.91). There was a weak correlation between the PDSS and UPDRS III (cc = -0.355, P = 0.003), PDSS and UPDRS I (cc = -0.272, P = 0.02), and PDSS and UPDRS IV (cc = -0.416, P < 0.001). Motor conditions, mental state, and drug complications influence sleep quality. Although this effect was significant, it was not of a great magnitude. Dopaminergic drugs did not increase daytime sleepiness. As a whole, sleep quality in patients who took dopaminergic agonists did not differ from that of patients who took levodopa in monotherapy. 相似文献
8.
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is one of the commonest movement disorders affecting sleep and also daytime functioning. The prevalence may be 8%–10% of the white Caucasian population. The diagnosis is simple and is based on a well-validated clinical questionnaire, yet misdiagnosis is common and the condition remains underdiagnosed and consequently inappropriately treated, often causing great distress to the sufferers. In spite of robust evidence for effective treatment of RLS, patients may often be told to “put up with the symptoms” and suffer the consequence of years of poor sleep which may lead to major lifestyle changes. This review addresses the diagnostic issues, the differential diagnosis, and the evidence base for treatment of the common condition. 相似文献
9.
The development and maintenance of the normal functional integrity of the mammalian central nervous system is under the influence of a number of growth and trophic factors. One such growth factor, epidermal growth factor, has been detected in the mammalian brain and found to be associated with various brain regions and cell types. This small ubiquitous polypeptide can influence the proliferation, Metabolism, and differentiation of both glia and neurons in the central nervous system. We discuss the effects of epidermal growth factor on glial and neuronal cell function in an attempt to understand its role in development and maintenance of normal brain integrity. In addition, we review its possible implications in several pathological states in the central nervous system and speculate on therapeutic applications for this growth factor. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
10.
本研究用细胞外记录方法研究大鼠黑质多巴胺能神经元伤害性反应的特点。共记录了194个多巴胺能神经元。其中,大多数神经元(78%)可被尾部强电刺激(15mA,1.0ms)所抑制,15%被兴奋。兴奋和抑制反应均依赖于刺激强度。当刺激强度变化于0~20mA时,伤害性反应强度与刺激强度的对数显著相关。来自不同部位的刺激可会聚于同一神经元。反应潜伏期和阈值提示Aδ纤维参与伤害性信息传入黑质的过程。本文还讨论了多巴胺能神经元系统在痛觉机制中的作用。 相似文献