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1.
我国奶牛养殖规模不断扩大,奶业产值比重逐步提高,给奶牛疫病防治带来巨大压力。奶牛乳房炎及细菌性肺炎等呼吸系统疾病和细菌性肠炎等消化系统疾病最为常见,抗菌药物的使用成为主要防治手段。但抗菌药物的不当使用易使细菌产生耐药性,增加临床治疗的成本和难度,危害我国奶牛产业发展。本文对截至2021年7月我国和美国、英国、日本、欧盟批准用于奶牛的抗菌药物产品进行整理、统计与分析,包括抗菌药物的分类、剂型以及适应证等,旨在为我国奶牛用抗菌药物管理、合理用药和新兽药开发提供参考。  相似文献   
2.
The clinical signs and neuropathological changes are described in six Limousin X calves that, at about one month after birth, showed signs of blindness, nystagmus, rotation of the eyes, opisthotonos, hyperprotraction of the forelegs and, in one case, apparent seizures. Pathologically there was necrosis of the optic chiasma and focal areas of myelin sheath vacuolation or demyelination in certain areas of the brain, especially in the cerebellar peduncles. In one animal, kept alive for 7 months, there was remyelination by Schwann cells of some demyelinated axons in the focal cerebellar lesions, while other axons remained demyelinated. There was no evidence of oligodendrocyte remyelination. The cause of the condition was not determined but a genetic association is likely.  相似文献   
3.
为对自然感染牛皮蝇蛆病的黄牛用爱普瑞克制剂进行驱虫疗效观察,本试验设爱普瑞克Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ号注射液7个组,空白对照1个组,依据黄牛胸围和体长,按通常采用的黄牛体重估计公式,估算每头牛的体重,皮下注射药物。结果表明:Ⅰ号制剂剂量0.5mg/kg、1.0mg/kg、1.5mg/kg,Ⅱ号制剂剂量1.0mg/kg,Ⅲ号制剂剂量1.0mg/kg,注药后第30d全部瘤疱隆起消失,牛恢复健康。结论为爱普瑞克制剂剂量在1.0mg/kg以上或爱普瑞克Ⅰ号、Ⅲ号注射液剂量在0.5mg/kg时,驱治牛皮蝇蛆病效果极好,但爱普瑞克Ⅱ号注射液剂量0.5mg/kg,治疗牛皮蝇蛆病效果欠佳。  相似文献   
4.
This study was designed to determine the duration of serum antibody responses to Pasteurella haemolytica whole cells (WC) and leukotoxin (LKT) in weanling beef cattle vaccinated with various non-living P. haemolytica vaccines. Serum antibodies to P. haemolytica antigens were determined periodically through day 140 by enzymelinked immunosorbent assays. At day 140, cattle were revaccinated, and antibody responses periodically determined through day 196. Three vaccines were used in two experiments (A and B), OneShot™, Presponse® HP/tK, and Septimune® PH-K. In general, all three vaccines between 7 and 14 days induced antibody responses to WC after vaccination. Antibodies to LKT were induced with OneShot and Presponse. Revaccination at days 28 and 140 usually stimulated anamnestic responses. Serum antibodies to the various antigens remained significantly increased for up to 84 days after vaccination or revaccination. The intensity and duration of antibody responses were variable depending on the experiment and vaccines used. Vaccination with OneShot usually stimulated the greatest responses to WC. Vaccination with OneShot or Presponse resulted in equivalent primary anti-LKT responses. In experiment B, spontaneous seroconversion was found in numerous calves on day 112. Revaccination of those cattle at day 140 resulted in markedly variable antibody responses such that several groups had no increase in antibody responses.  相似文献   
5.
6.
高原牧区犏牛胚胎移植技术的应用研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
2000年在海拔3,400m的青海省大同县对当地犏牛、黄牛进行了胚胎移植,移植受胎率44.4%。尤其是犏牛胚胎移植首获成功,是牛胚胎移植技术应用领域的新进展,为不同牛种胚胎移植成功提供了宝贵的科学经验。  相似文献   
7.
采用从新生牛肝脏提取的肝细胞再生刺激因子(cHSS)治疗慢性病毒性肝炎82例,总有效率89.0%,与对照组(76.5%)比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。经治疗后cHSS组病人乏力、纳差、腹胀等症状的改善明显优于对照组,ALT恢复与黄疸消退均较对照组迅速(P<0.01)。治疗过程中未发现任何副作用。提示cHSS对慢性肝炎有较好的疗效,能促进肝功能恢复。  相似文献   
8.
A 2-year-old German Holstein bull was identified as a carrier of a mutation within the X-chromosomal ED1 gene, which encodes a TNF-related signalling molecule mainly involved in ectodermal development. The clinicopathological appearance was associated with hypotrichosis, hypodontia, and a reduced number of eccrine glands, in addition to chronic rhinotracheitis and partial squamous metaplasia. Furthermore, for the first time in an ED1-deficient animal, a complete lack of respiratory mucous glands was observed. This suggests that the ED1 gene plays a role in the development of mucous glands, the absence of which resembles a feature of X-linked anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (ED1) in human patients.  相似文献   
9.
The glial subcommissural organ (SCO) is a conserved structure of the vertebrate brain that secretes a glycoprotein-rich product into both the extracellular matrix and the cerebrospinal fluid of the third ventricle that forms Reissner's fibre (RF). In order to identify specific secretory proteins of the subcommissural organ, a panel of antigen- and epitope-specific monoclonal antibodies was raised against bovine RF to study the distribution of epitopes in Western blots of bovine RF. Six groups of epitopes that were specific for SCO secretion were distinguished on the basis of their phylogenetic conservation and their different grades of resistance against chemical denaturation. The monoclonal antibody aRFME 4 recognised a carbohydrate-containing epitope that was strongly conserved in vertebrates and unique for SCO secretion. All epitopes showed essentially the same distribution pattern over 15 bovine RF glycoprotein fractions of different molecular masses in immunoblots indicating that the different RF fractions are closely related. They may represent multiple forms of SCO spondin.  相似文献   
10.
Due to the constantly increasing number of cases, prostate cancer has become one of the most important health problems of modern societies. This review presents the current knowledge regarding the role of nutrients and foodstuff consumption in the etiology and development of prostate malignancies, including the potential mechanisms of action. The results of several in vivo and in vitro laboratory experiments as well as those reported by the clinical and epidemiological research studies carried out around the world were analyzed. The outcomes of these studies clearly show the influence of both nutrients and food products on the etiology and prevention of prostate cancer. Consumption of certain nutrients (saturated and trans fatty acids) and food products (e.g., processed meat products) leads to the disruption of prostate hormonal regulation, induction of oxidative stress and inflammation, and alteration of growth factor signaling and lipid metabolism, which all contribute to prostate carcinogenesis. On the other hand, a high consumption of vegetables, fruits, fish, and whole grain products exerts protective and/or therapeutic effects. Special bioactive functions are assigned to compounds such as flavonoids, stilbenes, and lycopene. Since the influence of nutrients and dietary pattern is a modifiable risk factor in the development and prevention of prostate cancer, awareness of the beneficial and harmful effects of individual food ingredients is of great importance in the global strategy against prostate cancer.  相似文献   
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