全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1694篇 |
免费 | 133篇 |
国内免费 | 105篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 3篇 |
儿科学 | 99篇 |
妇产科学 | 15篇 |
基础医学 | 200篇 |
口腔科学 | 4篇 |
临床医学 | 98篇 |
内科学 | 277篇 |
皮肤病学 | 40篇 |
神经病学 | 35篇 |
特种医学 | 14篇 |
外国民族医学 | 1篇 |
外科学 | 140篇 |
综合类 | 270篇 |
预防医学 | 37篇 |
眼科学 | 9篇 |
药学 | 329篇 |
中国医学 | 108篇 |
肿瘤学 | 253篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 24篇 |
2022年 | 30篇 |
2021年 | 33篇 |
2020年 | 46篇 |
2019年 | 46篇 |
2018年 | 65篇 |
2017年 | 50篇 |
2016年 | 46篇 |
2015年 | 51篇 |
2014年 | 84篇 |
2013年 | 133篇 |
2012年 | 75篇 |
2011年 | 103篇 |
2010年 | 65篇 |
2009年 | 62篇 |
2008年 | 80篇 |
2007年 | 77篇 |
2006年 | 56篇 |
2005年 | 55篇 |
2004年 | 65篇 |
2003年 | 56篇 |
2002年 | 73篇 |
2001年 | 60篇 |
2000年 | 51篇 |
1999年 | 40篇 |
1998年 | 31篇 |
1997年 | 26篇 |
1996年 | 29篇 |
1995年 | 24篇 |
1994年 | 27篇 |
1993年 | 20篇 |
1992年 | 14篇 |
1991年 | 16篇 |
1990年 | 8篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 20篇 |
1987年 | 18篇 |
1986年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 20篇 |
1984年 | 35篇 |
1983年 | 12篇 |
1982年 | 16篇 |
1981年 | 15篇 |
1980年 | 11篇 |
1979年 | 15篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 11篇 |
1976年 | 5篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有1932条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
目的:研究健血升白冲剂对小鼠血液系统的影响。方法:以骨髓细胞计数,白细胞计数和血象为指标,观察健血升白冲剂对正常小鼠和化学及放射损伤小鼠的影响。结果:健血升白冲剂明显增加正常小鼠白细胞计数(P<001),显著改善环磷酰胺诱导小鼠白细胞和骨髓细胞的减少作用(分别为P<005,P<001),并能显著增加60Co放射损伤小鼠骨髓细胞(P<001)和白细胞(P<001)。结论:健血升白冲剂对化学及放射损伤小鼠血液系统有明显的保护及改善作用。是一个有开发价值的药物。 相似文献
2.
Protective effects of cyclophosphamide, cyclosporin A and FK506 against antigen-induced lung eosinophilia in guinea-pigs. 下载免费PDF全文
A close association has been recognized between activated T cells and eosinophils in asthma, albeit circumstantial. The present study attempted to investigate this relationship in an animal model of lung eosinophilia using the new generation of T cell-selective immunosuppressants, cyclosporin A and FK506, compared with the myelotoxic immunosuppressive agent cyclophosphamide. Antigen challenge of ovalbumin-sensitized guinea-pigs resulted in a lung eosinophilia which was assessed by bronchoalveolar lavage. All three agents caused a marked suppression of lung eosinophilia at 24 h post-challenge when the compounds were administered at the time of sensitization but not when administered for 3 days before lavage. However, the lung eosinophilia at 72 h post-challenge was reduced significantly by FK506 and by cyclophosphamide, but not by cyclosporin A, when the drugs were administered for 3 days, before lavage. These results strongly suggest the involvement of T cells in antigen-induced late phase (72 h) eosinophilia in guinea-pigs but not at 24 h. The effects of cyclophosphamide were always associated with a reduction in circulating white cell counts, whereas cyclosporin A and FK506 showed no myelotoxic properties. These results suggest the potential therapeutic use of selective, non-cytotoxic immunosuppressive agents in asthma. 相似文献
3.
Objective: To assess the efficacy and side effects of cyclophosphamide on refractory myasthenic crisis. Methods: Five patients of myasthenic crisis refractory to usual comprehensive treatment, entered an open additional study with cyclophosphamide 200 mg VD q. d or 400 mg VD q. o. d with 6-10 g of total dosage. The patients were followed up for 1-8 years. Results: All the 5 patients were effectively treated with obvious remission in 3 and improvement in 2. Two patients have returned to partial work. The side effects were tolerable. Conclusion: The present clinical trial showed that cyclophosphamide was effective, particularly in a long term as an additional therapy for treating MG patients with refractory crisis of myasthenia gravis. 相似文献
4.
A 3.5-year-old boy with orbital and central nervous system extension of unilateral retinoblastoma received chemotherapy consisting of intravenous cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin and intrathecal methotrexate. Complete shrinkage of orbital tumor, phthisis bulbi,'and disappearance of intracranial metastases occurred following chemotherapy. Response of the intra-cranial tumors reflected the combined effects of cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin; the contribution of each agent could not be assessed. Cerebrospinal fluid tumor cells persisted prior to delivery of craniospinal irradiation, and were detected again 6 weeks after completion of irradiation. 相似文献
5.
Zamora-Perez A Zúñiga-González GM Gómez-Meda BC Ramos-Ibarra ML Batista-González CM Torres-Bugarín O 《Environmental and molecular mutagenesis》2004,44(5):436-440
The micronucleus (MN) assay can be used to detect the genotoxic effects of chemical agents in virtually any cell that divides frequently. Salamanders (Ambystoma sp.) are amphibians that can be easily maintained and bred in the laboratory and spontaneously shed their skin every 2.5-4 days. In this present study, we have evaluated the usefulness of this shed skin for the MN assay. We exposed salamanders to different concentrations of both the aneugen colchicine (COL) and the clastogen cyclophosphamide (CP) and we determined the frequency of micronucleated cells (MNCs) in their sheds. Fragments of shed skin were placed on clean slides, fixed, stained, observed with a light microscope, and the number of MNCs was counted. The MNC frequency was increased significantly by all doses of COL and CP tested, administered either as single or repeated exposures. The presence of MNCs in the shed skin and the speed of sloughing lead us to propose that the sheds of Ambystoma sp., or other amphibians that slough their skin, are suitable alternative models for detecting genotoxic exposures relevant to aquatic environments. 相似文献
6.
O. V. Shreder N. M. Smolnikova A. D. Durnev S. B. Seredenin 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》2008,145(4):436-439
A new anxiolytic afobazole (1–100 mg/kg perorally, Russia) dose-dependently abolished the embryotoxic and teratogenic effects
of cyclophosphamide and reduced the range of induced malformations in outbred albino rats. Our results suggest that afobazole
possesses antiteratogenic activity.
__________
Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 145, No. 4, pp. 414–417, April, 2008 相似文献
7.
R. Metz M. Delgado R. Keiling P. Cappelaere J. P. Armand G. Prevot J. L. Misset J. Grimbert G. Mathe 《Investigational new drugs》1985,3(2):163-166
Summary In our wide experience of treating advanced breast carcinoma with chemotherapy, the combination of doxorubicin (DOX), vincristine (VCR), cyclophosphamide (CPM) and fluorouracil (FU) gave a complete plus partial response rate of over 60%, with 100% alopecia and frequent cardiac toxicity depending on total dose.After the EORTC Clinical Screening Group phase II trial we have conducted an expected difference method comparative phase II trial using the combination DOX, VCR, CPM, FU and the combination of MTX (10mg/m2), VCR, CPM and FU on a population of 50 breast carcinoma patients similar to those taking part in the first study.The reasons for similarity of action will be presented and discussed. 相似文献
8.
Rainhardt Osieka R. Pannenbäcker Carl Gottfried Schmidt 《Investigational new drugs》1984,2(2):161-168
Summary Cyclophosphamide (CPA) is widely used against leukemic and lymphoproliferative diseases, but in vitro studies on response to this agent so far have been limited to instable derivatives with poor galenic properties. ASTA Z 7557 is a newly synthesized activated cyclophosphamide that circumvents the need for hepatic activation and has good stability. The critical cytotoxic lesions after exposure to bifunctional alkylating agents presumably are DNA interstrand crosslinks (ISC). We have, therefore, examined the formation and apparent removal of ISC after in vitro treatment with ASTA Z 7557 by use of the highly sensitive alkaline elution technique. Survival of murine L1210 cells was determined after 1 hour in vitro exposure with a D 37 value of 5.7 g/ml (from the initial shoulder part of the survival curve) and a Do value of 1.5 g/ml (from the exponential part of the curve). Previous labelling of L1210 cells by 125IUdR simplified the alkaline elution procedure but there was some cytotoxicity of the radiochemical itself with a reduction of cloning efficiency from 77% to 61 %. The maximum of ISC was observed at 6 h after initiation of treatment with much of the damage apparently removed at 24 h. The simultaneous presence of DNA single strand breaks (SSB), however, confounds the analysis of DNA damage at 24 h and early cytolysis and unaided death of human lymphocytes often preclude the analysis of macromolecular damage at this time. Human peripheral blood cells isolated from patients with leukemic or lymphoproliferative diseases showed a remarkable heterogeneity with regard to the formation of ISC at 3 h. Thus, analysis of macromolecular damage may become an additional prognostic factor for response to CPA beyond the morphologic classification of these diseases. 相似文献
9.
Haiting Huang Zhao Liang Xintong Zheng Qin Qing Xiuri Du Zhiming Tang Meili Wei Chen Wang Qiuhong Zhong Xu Lin 《Renal failure》2021,43(1):840
BackgroundThe therapeutic effects of tacrolimus (TAC) versus cyclophosphamide (CTX) were not fully illustrated for patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN).MethodsThe PubMed, EmBase, Cochrane library, and CNKI were systematically searched throughout March 2020 for randomized controlled trials evaluating the therapeutic effects of TAC versus CTX for IMN patients treated with steroids. The pooled relative risks (RRs) and weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the random-effects model.ResultsTwelve trials recruited a total of 868 IMN patients were identified and contained in final meta-analysis. Patients in TAC group was associated with an increased incidence of overall remission (12 trials: 868 patients; RR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.11–1.31; p < 0.001) and complete remission (12 trials: 868 patients; RR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.25–1.80; p < 0.001). Moreover, we noted TAC therapy significantly reduced urinary protein excretion (9 trials: 567 patients; WMD: −1.06; 95%CI: −1.41 to −0.71; p < 0.001), and increased serum albumin (9 trials: 567 patients; WMD: 5.37; 95%CI: 2.97 to 7.77; p < 0.001) than CTX therapy. Furthermore, no significant difference between TAC and CTX for serum creatinine was detected (6 trials: 378 patients; WMD: 0.15; 95%CI: −3.46 to 3.75; p = 0.936). Finally, the risk of alopecia (p = 0.008), infection (p = 0.045), leukocytosis (p = 0.002), and elevated ALT/AST (p = 0.011) in TAC group was significantly lower than CTX group, whereas TAC was associated with an increased risk of tremor than CTX (p = 0.010).ConclusionsThis study found IMN patients treated with TAC combined with steroids provides a better therapeutic effect and less adverse events than those treated with CTX combined with steroids, with moderate-certainty evidence. 相似文献