缘毛紫菀中一个具生物活性的二萜化合物

从药用植物缘毛紫菀中分到一个克罗烷型二萜(1), 体外药理试验显示, 该化合物具有抗菌和抗肿瘤活性.经化学及光谱分析确定化合物1的结构为18,19-dihydroxy-5α,10β-neo-cleroda-3,13(14)-dien-16, 15-butenolide.     

中药灯盏细辛中酚酸类化合物的结构与活性研究

目的 研究中药灯盏细辛的化学成分。方法 利用硅胶柱层析等分离手段从灯盏细辛[Erigeron breviscapus(Vant.)Hand-Mazz]的醋酸乙酯部位分离得到2个化合物，采用波谱方法（IR，MS，^1H-NMR,^13C-NMR,2D-NMR)鉴定了它们的结构。结果 2个酚酸类化合物分别为：5－O－咖啡酰基－奎宁酸甲酯（I）和4－O－咖啡酰基－奎宁酸甲酯（Ⅱ），结论 化合物Ⅰ，Ⅱ为首次从灯盏细辛中分得的酚酸类化合物。药理活性研究显示，化合物Ⅰ，Ⅱ可明显抑制VEGF诱导的血管高通透性（P＜0．001）。     

毛大丁草根和根茎化学成分的研究

目的 :研究毛大丁草根和根茎的化学成分。方法 :采用硅胶柱色谱法分离纯化 ,薄层色谱及光谱法进行结构鉴定。结果 :从其乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部分分得 7个化合物 ,其结构鉴定为bothrioclinin (Ⅰ) ,氢醌(Ⅱ) ,异紫花前胡内酯 (Ⅲ) ,琥珀酸 (Ⅳ) ,伞形花内酯 (Ⅴ) ,isoarborinol (Ⅵ) ,β-谷甾醇 (Ⅶ)。 结论 :化合物Ⅰ ,Ⅴ ,Ⅵ为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

ALLERGIC CONTACT DERMATITIS TO NOOGOORA BURR AND BATHURST BURR

Allergic contact dermatitis with positive patch testing has been identified to Noogoora Burr (Xanthium occidentale) and Bathurst Burr (Xanthium spinosum), members of the compositae family. These plants have been introduced into Australia from North America and are classified as noxious weeds. The patients presented with a dermatitis on exposed areas. The distribution and nature of the Xanthium species is described.     

Hypoglycemic and hypolipemic effects ofIxeris dentata in diabetic rats

Blood glucose and total lipid levels in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes were determined after intraperitoneal administration of methanolic extract ofIxeris dentata whole plants and its main component, cynaroside (=luteolin 7-O-β-D-glucoside). From the data obtained, it was concluded that intraperitoneal administration of the methanolic extract produced a significant hypoglycemic effect. Total blood lipids were also decreased. Cynaroside in the streptozotocin-diabetic rats failed to exhibit hypoglycemic effect but a significant hypolipemic activity was observed. Thus, it is suggested that this methanolic extract may contain one or more hypoglycemic and hypolipemic principles including the main flavone glucoside, cynaroside, which can significantly reduce the levels of triglyceride and total cholesterol in streptozotocin-diabetic rats.     

A new norsesquiterpenoid from Ligularia virgaurea

A new eremophilane norsesquiterpenoid (1), together with a known eremophilane sesquiterpenoid (2), was isolated from the leaves of Ligularia virgaurea. The structure of 1 was elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic analysis (IR, 1D NMR, 2D NMR, and HR-ESI-MS), and its absolute configuration was determined by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiment (with copper radiation). The known compound 2 was identified by comparison of its physical and spectral data with those reported in the literature. Compound 1 was assayed for its cytotoxic activities against human cervical carcinoma cell (HeLa) and human small cell lung cancer cell (NCI-446) lines.     

ALLERGIC CONTACT DERMATITIS TO HELICHRYSUM DIOSMIFOLIUM

Allergic contact dermatitis has been identified, with positive patch testing, to Helichrysum diosmifolium. Dermatitis was diffuse and severe and oral corticosteroid treatment was required. The nature and habitat of this Australian shrub is described.     

苦碟子注射液对豚鼠噪声暴露后内耳功能恢复的影响

目的：观察中药苦碟子注射液（Ixeris sonchifoila）对噪声暴露后内耳功能恢复的影响。方法：42只豚鼠随机分为2组,即110 dB噪声暴露组（n=21）和120 dB噪声暴露组（n=21）,每组动物随机分为噪声暴露后给药组（n=7）、生理盐水组（n=7）和空白对照组（n=7）。噪声暴露前分别测量各组豚鼠听觉脑干诱发电位(ABR)听力阈值,持续噪声暴露3 h后,给药组每日1次腹腔注射中药苦碟子注射液15.7 mL·kg^-1·d^-1,连续14 d,生理盐水组腹腔注射同等量生理盐水,空白对照组不给予处置。噪声暴露前、噪暴露后即刻及噪声暴露后7和14 d分别测量各组豚鼠ABR听力阈值,并对120 dB噪声暴露组进行耳蜗铺片观察毛细胞形态改变。结果：110和120 dB噪声暴露2组中,7和14 d给药组ABR阈移均小于生理盐水注射组和空白对照组,与后2组比较差异均具有显著性（P<0.01）。110和120 dB噪声暴露后,给药组14 d ABR阈移均小于7 d,两者比较差异具有显著性（P<0.01）;110 dB给药组14 d阈移小于120 dB给药组,两者比较差异具有显著性（P<0.01）;120 dB给药组与生理盐水组和空白对照组比较,毛细胞形态保持完好。结论：中药苦碟子注射液能够促进噪声作用后的耳蜗毛细胞损伤的修复及内耳听力功能恢复;内耳功能的恢复程度与噪声的强度及给药时间有关。     

三角叶凤毛菊化学成分研究

目的:研究三角叶凤毛菊[Saussurea deltoidea(DC.)Schulz-Bip.]化学成分。方法:利用正/反相硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱、HPLC等方法分离化合物,运用MS和NMR等波谱方法解析鉴定化合物结构。结果:从三角叶凤毛菊中分离鉴定出9个化合物:11-hydroxy-11,13-dihydrocostol(1),6-O-(2-methylpropenoyl)-3β-hydroxy-4(15),10(14),11(13)-guaiatrien-12,8-olide(2),falbellin(3),(+)-1-hydroxypinoresinol(4),(±)-evofolin B(5),indole-3-aldehyde(6),syringaldehyde(7),loliolide(8),7-epi-loliol-ide(9)。结论:所有化合物都是首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Antimicrobial clerodane diterpenoids from Microglossa angolensis Oliv. et Hiern

Objective:

To identify the antimicrobial components present in Microglossa angolensis following fractionation of the methylene chloride extract of the aerial part of this plant.

Materials and Methods:

The plant was dried and extracted by percolation with methylene chloride. The dry extract was fractionated and purified by silica gel column chromatography. The isolated compounds were identified by comparison of their Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectral data with those reported in the literature. Antimicrobial activity was assayed by broth macro dilution method.

Results:

The crude extract of M. angolensis displayed significant antifungal and antibacterial activities (MIC = 312.50-1250μg/ml). 6β-(2-methylbut-2(Z)-enoyl)-3α,4α,15,16-bis-epoxy-8β,10βH-ent-cleroda-13(16),14-dien-20,12-olide and spinasterol were the most active compounds (MIC = 1.56-100μg/ml) and the most sensitive microorganisms were Enterococcus faecalis and Candida tropicalis for bacteria and yeasts respectively.

Conclusion:

The isolation of these active antibacterial and antifungal principles supports the use of M. angolensis in traditional medicine for the treatment of gastro-intestinal disorders.