Medición automática de la zona avascular foveal de ojos sanos en angiografía por tomografía de coherencia óptica de dominio espectral Heidelberg

PurposeTo develop and evaluate an automated method to measure the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area in healthy eyes on Heidelberg Spectralis Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (HS-OCTA). This method is referred to as the modified Kanno-Saitama macro (mKSM) which is an evolution of the Kanno-Saitama macro (KSM) approach.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 29 eyes of 25 healthy volunteers who underwent HS-OCTA at the macular area twice at the same time. Regardless of the quality of the images, all of them were included. Macular data on the superficial vascular plexus, intermediate capillary plexus (ICP) and deep capillary plexus were processed by mKSM. The FAZ area was measured twice automatically using the mKSM and KSM and twice manually by two independent examiners.ResultsFrom 174 images, KSM could not measure correctly 31% while mKSM could successfully measure all of them. Intrascan intraclass coefficient ranged from 0.948 to 0.993 for manual measurements and was 1 for mKSM method. Despite that the difference between human examiners is smaller than between human examiners and mKSM according to Bland-Altman plots, the scatterplots show a strong correlation between human and automatic measurements. The best results are obtained in ICP.ConclusionsWith mKSM, the automated determination of the FAZ area in HS-OCTA is feasible and less human-dependent. It solves the inability of KSM to measure the FAZ area in suboptimal quality images which are frequent in daily clinical practice. Therefore, the mKSM processing could contribute to our understanding of the three vascular plexuses.     

丽水市十三项呼吸道病原体感染情况及特点分析北大核心CSCD

目的了解丽水市呼吸道病原体感染情况及流行病学特征,为呼吸道传染病诊疗与防控提供科学依据。方法回顾性分析2020年3月至2021年12月丽水市人民医院收治的4035例呼吸道感染患者13项呼吸道病原体PCR毛细电泳核酸检测结果,并分析病原体感染分布特征。结果呼吸道病原体感染患者阳性检出率为32.24%(1301/4035),检出率前5位分别是HRV(16.60%)、HRSV(7.09%)、HPIV(2.87%)、HMPV(2.21%)、HADV(1.96%)。混合感染阳性占比为7.61%(99/1301),Boca病毒(76.0%)与Ch(46.15%)易与其它病原体形成混合感染。不同性别呼吸道病原体感染率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。虽然不同季节呼吸道病原体整体感染率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但HRV好发于春秋两季,而HPIV在春秋两季感染率较低,春季HRSV感染率较低,HADV在夏秋两季感染率较低,HMPV在冬季较为流行。未成年人呼吸道病原体感染率较高,HRSV、HRV、HPIV、HADV和Boca主要发生于未成年人组,InfB和HMPV在未成年和青年人群感染率都较高。结论未成年人群是呼吸道病原体易感人群,应加强未成年人呼吸道传染病防控。     

吉非罗齐中有机溶剂残留量的顶空毛细管GC测定

建立了顶空毛细管GC法测定吉非罗齐中甲酸乙酯、THF和甲基环己烷3种有机溶剂的残留量。采用HP-1毛细管柱，溶剂DMA，内标乙酸乙酯。平均同收率分别为99．8％、100．3％、100．0％，RSD分别为0．71％、1．51％和1．76％。     

GC法测定金银三七胶囊中的冰片的含量

目的：建立金银三七胶囊中冰片的含量测定方法。方法：采用GC法，色谱柱为10％PEG-20M；FID氢火焰检测器：柱温为115℃。结果：冰片在0．02559-0．5118μg范围内线性良好。加样回收率为99．9％，RSD％为1．94％（n=9）。结论：方法简便，可行，重现性良好，结果准确，可加强金银三七胶囊的质量控制。     

速激肽受体拮抗剂对白三烯C_4诱导豚鼠气道收缩和微血管渗漏的作用

本实验探讨了内源性速激肽是否参与白三烯Ｃ４（ＬＴＣ４）的气道效应．ＬＴＣ４（０．５μｇｋｇ－１，ｉｖ）可增高豚鼠肺内压（ＩＰＰ）和气道内依文思蓝渗出。速激肽ＮＫ－１受体拮抗剂ＣＰ－９６３４５｛（２Ｓ，３Ｓ）－顺式－２－（二苯甲基）－Ｎ－［（２－甲氧苯）－甲基］－１－杂氮双环［２．２．２］辛烷－３－胺｝１ｍｇｋｇ－１，ｉｖ，可减弱ＬＴＣ４诱导的依文思蓝渗出；ＮＫ－２受体拮抗剂ＳＲ－４８９６８｛（Ｓ）－Ｎ－甲基－Ｎ－［４－（４－乙酰氨基－４－苯基哌啶）－２－（３，４－二氯苯基）丁基］苯甲酰胺｝，１ｍｇｋｇ－１，ｉｖ，可抑制ＩＰＰ的增高．白三烯拮抗剂ＯＮＯ－１０７８（０．０３ｍｇｋｇ－１，ｉｖ）可阻断这两种反应．结果说明内源性速激肽增强ＬＴＣ４的气道作用，其中ＮＫ－１受体介导微血管渗漏，ＮＫ－２受体介导支气管收缩．     

头孢西丁钠中甲醇残留量的顶空毛细管GC法测定

建立了顶空毛细管GC法测定头孢西丁钠中甲醇残留量，并探讨了药物结构中甲氧基对测定的影响。采用DM-624石英毛细管柱，检测器为FID。甲醇在0．02～5mg／ml浓度范围内，与峰面积线性关系良好（r=0．9999）。方法平均回收率为97．7％，RSD为1．8％。     

Image processing in digital radiography

Image processing is a critical part of obtaining high-quality digital radiographs. Fortunately, the user of these systems does not need to understand image processing in detail, because the manufacturers provide good starting values. Because radiologists may have different preferences in image appearance, it is helpful to know that many aspects of image appearance can be changed by image processing, and a new preferred setting can be loaded into the computer and saved so that it can become the new standard processing method.Image processing allows one to change the overall optical density of an image and to change its contrast. Spatial frequency processing allows an image to be sharpened, improving its appearance. It also allows noise to be blurred so that it is less visible. Care is necessary to avoid the introduction of artifacts or the hiding of mediastinal tubes.     

Compositional sugar analysis of antitumor polysaccharides by high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography

Carbohydrate analysis is important in studying structure and activity of complex polysaccharides. New analytical method was applied to get an information on the composition of polysaccharides showing antitumor activity. Monosaccharides were labeled with 7-amino-1,3-naphthalenedisulfonic acid (7-AGA) by reductive amination and separated by HPLC. Five kinds of polysaccharides fromBasidiomycetes were hydrolyzed and analyzed in combination with electrophoresis and HPLC. At the same time, alditol acetate derivatives were prepared and analyzed by gas chromatography. Two different techniques using different derivatization methods showed very similiar results. The monosaccharides fromCoriolus versicolor andLentinus eodes were mainly composed of D-glucose, while those fromGanoderma lucidium andCordyceps militaris were glucose and galactose.Phellinus linteus composed of glucose, galactose, mannose, arabinose and fucose. The HPLC method with fluorescence detector was very sensitive compared to other methods.     

气相色谱法测定血液中毒鼠强的含量

目的:对血液中的毒鼠强进行提取和检测.方法:采用酸水解及GC/FPD、GC/MS分析的方法,研究酸水解过程中的水解温度、水解强度等方面的影响,并对毒鼠强的GC/MS图谱进行解析,建立了一个定性准确、提取效率高、干扰少的毒鼠强提取分析方法.结果:毒鼠强工作曲线在0.01～0.2μm/μl之间呈线性关系,相关系数r=0.9999.与传统的液-液提取方法相比,血液样品毒鼠强的检出率提高1.69倍.结论:本方法可应用于生物样品中毒鼠强的提取和检测.