玉郎伞提取物对大鼠自发性高血压的影响

目的：研究玉郎伞提取物(YLS)对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)及正常大鼠血压(BP)的影响。方法：应用颈动脉插管测压法，连接MS2000多媒体生物信号记录系统测定静注YLS前及药后20s、30s、lmin、2min、5min时的收缩压(SP)、舒张压(DP)、平均动脉压(MP)。结果：YLS使SHR及正常大鼠血压明显降低(P＜0．01)，降压作用维持时间较短，给药后5min血压基本恢复正常；YLS对去甲肾上腺素(NA)和异丙肾上腺素（ISO)的作用无明显影响。结论：YLS对正常大鼠及SHR血压有明显的降低作用。     

Impact of Type of Intervention on Youth Reoffending: Are Gender and Risk Level Involved?

The objective of this study was to analyse the impact of the type of intervention on youth reoffending. Moreover, the possible influence that the offender's gender and level of risk could have on this relationship was also explored. Juvenile offenders from four different types of educational interventions participated in the study (N = 210): victim–offender mediation (VOM) as a diversion procedure, and case closure, reprimand, and community service as dispositions. Aged between 14-18 years, they were assessed by means of the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI). Recidivism rates were evaluated as the number of new records in a follow-up period of 24 months. Results of this study showed that type of intervention (diversion versus dispositions) had no apparent effect on youth recidivism. Furthermore, an important aspect to consider in youth assessment was the different impact that risk level had on boys’ and girls’ recidivism.     

制备液相色谱分离制备玉郎伞查尔酮类化合物

目的 对壮药玉郎伞查尔酮类化合物进行分离制备和结构鉴定。方法 利用制备液相色谱分离、制备查尔酮类化合物,经HPLC测定其质量分数、用UV,IR,MS,1D、2D-NMR,X射线单晶衍射等对其进行结构鉴定。结果 从玉郎伞中首次分离制备出两种查尔酮类化合物,其结构分别为cis-2, 6-二甲氧基查尔酮和cis-17-甲氧基-7-羟基-苯骈呋喃查尔酮。结论 该方法制备玉郎伞查尔酮类化合物质量分数很高,且简便、快速、可靠。     

制备液相色谱分离制备玉郎伞查尔酮类化合物

目的 对壮药玉郎伞查尔酮类化合物进行分离制备和结构鉴定.方法 利用制备液相色谱分离、制备查尔酮类化合物,经HPLC测定其质量分数、用UV,IR,MS,1D、2D-NMR,X射线单晶衍射等对其进行结构鉴定.结果 从玉郎伞中首次分离制备出两种查尔酮类化合物,其结构分别为cis-2,6-二甲氧基查尔酮和cis-17-甲氧基-7-羟基-苯骈呋喃查尔酮.结论 该方法制备玉郎伞查尔酮类化合物质量分数很高,且简便、快速、可靠.     

玉郎伞多糖对Aβ25-35所致PC12细胞损伤细胞内钙离子浓度的影响

目的观察Aβ25-35诱导PC12细胞凋亡损伤模型胞内钙浓度的变化及YLSP的影响。方法采用Aβ25-35诱导PC12细胞凋亡损伤模型,石杉碱甲作为对照药,给予YLSP预处理后,加入Flu-3/AM,用流式细胞仪（FCM）测定各组细胞的平均荧光强度。结果各组PC12细胞内钙离子含量存在显著性差异（F=14.051,P〈0.01）,其中,Aβ25-35作用PC12细胞后,PC12细胞内钙离子含量显著升高（P〈0.01）,经YLSP处理后,PC12细胞内钙离子含量较模型组细胞显著降低（P〈0.01）,其中,YLSP高剂量组的PC12细胞内钙离子含量显著低于石杉碱甲组（P〈0.01）。结论 YLSP能对抗Aβ引起的细胞内钙离子浓度升高,防止钙超载的发生。     

玉郎伞多糖对肝星状细胞增殖和I型胶原合成的影响

目的研究玉郎伞多糖（YLS）对肝星状细胞（HSC）增殖和I型胶原合成的影响。方法选择肝星状细胞系作为体外研究对象，MTT法测定肝星状细胞的增殖，LDH法检测YLS对肝星状细胞的毒性作用，ELISA法测定I型胶原含量。结果YLS（12．5-100μg／mL）可明显降低培养上清液中I型胶原水平，抑制肝星状细胞的增殖，并呈剂量依赖性。结论YLS可能通过抑制HSC的增殖及I型胶原的合成等机制从而抑制肝纤维化的形成。     

玉郎伞多糖对过氧化氢诱导大鼠原代肝细胞损伤的保护作用

目的研究玉郎伞多糖(YLS)对H2O2诱导大鼠原代肝细胞损伤的保护作用及其机理。方法采用IV型胶原酶灌流法分离大鼠肝细胞进行原代培养,用H2O2体外诱导肝细胞损伤,检测培养上清液中AST和ALT水平,测定肝细胞中MDA和GSH含量,MTT法检测细胞存活和增殖活性。结果YLS(0.125~1 mg/ml)可明显降低或恢复由H2O2升高的培养上清液中AST和ALT水平及肝细胞中MDA含量,还可提高H2O2降低的肝细胞存活率和GSH含量。结论提示YLS对大鼠原代培养肝细胞损伤有直接保护作用,该作用可能与其抗氧化作用有关。     

玉郎伞两种黄酮单体对心肌细胞缺氧/复氧损伤的保护作用

目的研究从玉郎伞(Yulangsan,YLS)中首次分离的两种黄酮单体对体外培养大鼠乳鼠心肌细胞缺氧/复氧损伤的保护作用,并初步探讨其作用机制。方法建立体外培养大鼠乳鼠心肌细胞缺氧/复氧损伤模型,倒置显微镜下观察加入YLS两种单体的含药血清(10%、5%、2.5%)后,各组缺氧/复氧心肌细胞形态学和搏动频率的变化;以MTT法检测各组细胞的存活率;用ELISA法测定心肌细胞Na+,K+-ATP酶、Ca2+,Mg2+-ATP酶活性及细胞培养上清液中总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果与模型组相比,YLS两种单体含药血清的高、中剂量均能明显增加心肌细胞的存活率,增强Na+,K+-ATP酶、Ca2+,Mg2+-ATP酶活性,降低细胞培养上清液LDH、NOS活性、MDA含量,提高T-SOD活性并呈剂量依赖性(P<0.05)。结论两种YLS单体对体外培养大鼠乳鼠心肌细胞缺氧/复氧损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能与清除自由基、抑制心肌细胞Ca2+超载有关。     

Risk Factors and Youth Recidivism Prediction in General and Property Offenders

The predictive validity of risk factors for recidivism in general offenders is well known, but few studies have considered specific crimes – such as non-violent property offences – in this context. The prediction of risk factors on recidivism among general and property offenders is analysed in an attempt to capture any motivational differences underlying diverse types of crimes. Subsamples of theft and property damage offenders were extracted from a general population of 210 juvenile offenders aged between 14 and 18 years. All participants were assessed using the Spanish version of the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) and their recidivism rates were evaluated in terms of the number of new records in a 24-month follow-up period. Factors pertaining to the Big Four (especially the antisocial peers risk factor) seem to be the most predictive factors for both general offenders and non-violent property offenders; the type of crime does not seem to make a significant difference to youth offenders’ needs.     

玉郎伞多糖解酒作用及机制研究

目的 研究玉郎伞多糖( YULANGSAN polysaccharides,YLSP)的解酒作用及其机制.方法 采用小鼠白酒灌胃造模,在饮酒前后,分别给予一定剂量的YLSP、海王金樽片或生理盐水,观察醉酒率、醉酒潜伏期和醉酒时间,并测定小鼠肝脏中乙醇脱氢酶( ADH)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、超氧化...