Role of the newly designed Ankle Foot Orthosis on balance related parametersin drop foot post stroke patients

BackgroundPassive and hybrid passive ankle foot orthoses (AFOs) are often prescribed in post stroke drop foot; however, the effects of these AFOs on balance related parameters in these patients seem unclear. Accordingly, the aim of current study was to evaluate the role of the newly designed hybrid passive and Posterior Leaf Spring (PLS) AFOs on balance related parameters including: self-reported balance confidence (ABC), Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) in post stroke drop foot patients.MethodsFifteen post stroke drop foot patients were recruited in current study. Then, ABC, TUG and BBS were assessed with newly designed AFO and PLS AFO.ResultsThe results of this study were shown a significant improvement in ABC, TUG and BBS scores with the newly designed AFO than PLS AFO (p < 0.05).ConclusionThis study suggested that the newly designed AFO was improved the balance related parameters than PLS AFO.     

杀虫剂点滴处理后德国小蠊的生理行为反应

本文报告了应用三种不同类型杀虫剂ＤＤＶＰ，残杀成和溴江菊酯点滴处理敏感株德国小蠊（Ｂｌａｔｔｅｌｌａｇｅｒｍａｎｉｃａ）不同虫期后的药物敏感性以及带荚虫脱荚及其孵化情况。试验得出了不同虫期不同时间的ＬＤ５０植和７２ｈ不同虫期对这３种药物敏感性的显著性测定（Ｐ值）的结果。发现不同虫期对这３种药物的敏感性之间关系的共同特点是：１．幼虫与雄虫敏感性差别显著（在ＤＤＶＰ和残杀威中）或者非常显著（在溴氰菊酯）；２．雌虫与雄虫间差别在３种药物处理中均显著；３．雌虫与带荚虫在ＤＤＶＰ和溴氰菊酯处理中差别也非常显著。试验同时显示，３种药物不同浓度处理对德国小蠊脱荚及其孵化有十分显著的影响。其总的趋势是随着药物浓度的增高脱荚率明显地增加；相反，脱荚的孵化率则随着浓度的增加明显的下降。实验并得出脱荚的孵化与否和卵荚长度无明显关系。     

Integrated circuit drop-sensing drinkometer

An casuy constructed and inexpensive drop-sensing drinkometer is described, which incorporates an integrated circuit photodetector. It provides a reliable and convenient means of automatically monitoring fluid intake in a number of experimental situations. The animal is undisturbed and isolated from the electrical system components.     

神昌滴丸对脑神经元凋亡的影响

目的:观察神昌滴丸(石菖蒲、冰片等)对脑神经元凋亡的影响和对脑的保护作用.方法:大鼠造成不完全性脑缺血再灌注损伤模型,ig给予神昌滴丸后,测定脑皮质神经元凋亡积分、脑皮质病理组织评分、血脑屏障通透性.结果:神昌滴丸能减轻脑缺血大鼠脑神经元凋亡,降低病理组织学评分.结论:神昌滴丸能抑制脑神经元凋亡,减轻脑水肿及其所致脑神经元坏死程度,对脑组织有一定的保护作用.     

速效心痛滴丸对急性心肌梗死患者心血管事件发生的影响

目的：评价急性心肌梗死（ AMI）患者经皮冠脉支架置入术（ PCI）后联合速效心痛滴丸,观察其对心血管事件的影响。方法纳入2011年1月至2013年6月确诊AMI并接受PCI治疗的患者96例,随机分为对照组（ n＝48）和治疗组（ n＝48）,对照组行常规术后治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗方案的基础上加用速效心痛滴丸（7粒,tid）,观察两组180 d后心血管事件（包括心绞痛、心功能不全、再发心肌梗死和心源性猝死）的发生情况是否存在统计学差异。结果随访期间,治疗组较对照组心功能不全与心绞痛发生率降低,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）,随访结束心功能获得明显改善;两组均无再发心肌梗死或心源性猝死。结论 AMI患者PCI术后常规治疗方案的基础上联合应用速效心痛滴丸,可降低心血管事件发生风险。     

Neuromuscular control and hop performance in youth and adult male and female football players

ObjectivesTo compare neuromuscular control and hop performance between youth and adult male and female football players.DesignCross-sectional study.Participants119 youth players (13–16 years; 68 males) and 88 adult players (17–26 years; 44 males).Main outcome measuresNeuromuscular control assessed with drop vertical jump (DVJ) and tuck jump assessment (TJA). Hop performance assessed with single-leg hop for distance and side hop.ResultsAdult females had smaller normalized knee separation distances (NKSD) during DVJ at initial contact (77.9 ± 18.5 vs. 86.1 ± 11.0, p = 0.010) and at maximum knee flexion (59.7 ± 23.4 vs.74.1 ± 18.1, p = 0.001) compared to youth females. TJA revealed more technique errors in youths compared to adults (males 10 (8–11) vs. 8 (7–10); females 11 (9–12) vs. 9 (8–11), p < 0.05). Youths demonstrated inferior hop performance (males single-leg hop 142 ± 18 vs. 163 ± 17, side hop 41 ± 12 vs. 52 ± 12, p < 0.001; females side hop 32 ± 10 vs. 38 ± 14, p < 0.05).ConclusionsYouth players demonstrated reduced neuromuscular control during TJA and inferior hop performance compared to adult players. Adult female players demonstrated greater knee valgus during DVJ compared to youth female players.     

脑络欣通方对大鼠脑缺血后纹状体中5-HT、DA、NE、5-HIAA的影响

目的研究脑络欣通方对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的作用机制。方法雄性SD大鼠100只,随机分为假手术组、模型组、预处理组、治疗3 d组、治疗7 d组,每组20只。复制MCAO(脑中动脉栓塞)/R大鼠模型。治疗3 d组造模后连续给予脑络欣通方3 d、治疗7 d组造模后连续给予脑络欣通方7 d,预处理组造模前给予脑络欣通方药7 d,3组每天灌胃给药2次,8.54 m L/kg。假手术组及模型组予以等量生理盐水灌胃7 d。解剖大鼠并取出脑组织,分离纹状体。采用激光多普勒血流仪(LDF)测定梗死侧纹状体局部脑血流量(r CBF);采用TTC染色法检测大鼠脑梗死体积;采用实时荧光定量PCR技术(qRT-PCR)测定5-HT(5-羟色胺)mRNA、DA(多巴胺)mRNA、NE(去甲肾上腺素)mRNA、5-HIAA(5-羟吲哚乙酸)mRNA的表达含量。结果与假手术组比较,模型组发生明显缺血现象,脑血流量显著降低,脑梗死体积显著升高(P0.01),其纹状体中的5-HT mRNA、DA mRNA、NE mRNA、5-HIAA mRNA表达水平显著降低(P0.01);与模型组比较,脑络欣通方预处理组、治疗3 d、治疗7 d组脑血流量明显恢复,脑梗死体积显著下降(P0.01),纹状体中的5-HT mRNA、DA mRNA、NE mRNA、5-HIAA mRNA表达水平显著升高(P0.01)。结论脑络欣通方具有明显预防和治疗MCAO大鼠脑损伤的作用,通过增加MCAO/R大鼠的脑血流量,降低MCAO/R大鼠脑梗死体积,提高MCAO/R大鼠的纹状体组织中5-HT mRNA、DA mRNA、NE mRNA、5-HIAA mRNA单胺类递质的表达,从而起到抑制缺血后再灌注对大脑纹状体的损伤作用。     

监管场所发现的HIV感染者/AIDS病人失访原因和对策

目的了解监管场所发现的艾滋病病毒感染者/艾滋病病人(HIV/AIDS病人)失访的原因,提出减少失访的策略。方法对监管场所羁押的HIV/AIDS病人的失访原因进行个案访谈;采用系统抽样的方法对监管场所羁押人员的艾滋病随访知识和培训情况进行问卷调查;对1998-2007年杭州市余杭区监管场所报告的HIV/AIDS病人出场所后随访管理资料进行分析。结果 20名入场所后发现的HIV/AIDS病人认为,不接受随访的主要原因是害怕受到歧视,害怕泄露隐私,对治疗效果没信心和对健康不关心。213名监管场所羁押人员中,仅9.4%(20/213)的人了解随访管理的意义,10.8%(23/213)的人知道在哪里获得相关服务,2.8%(6/213)的人接受过相关培训;既往报告的120名HIV/AIDS病人中,33.3%(40/120)的人因地址信息错误或不详而没有找到,40.8%(49/120)的人因现住址未及时更新而没有获得医务人员主动提供的医学随访服务。结论应通过开展降低艾滋病歧视干预、完善和落实艾滋病信息保密制度、开展监管场所健康教育和出所前告知、加强地址信息的管理等,来提高监管场所发现的HIV/AIDS病人出所后的随访管理率。     

563例腰椎间盘突出症术后并发足下垂危险因素的相关性分析

目的探讨腰椎间盘突出症术后并发足下垂的危险因素,指导临床治疗与预防治措施。。方法回顾563例腰椎间盘突出症手术病例,对12个相关因素进行多因素Logistic回归分析确定危险因素。结果术后发生足下垂患者17例,多因素分析显示神经牵拉程度、术后血肿、神经根紧张度、椎间指数、神经根粘连与术后足下垂密切相关,差异有统计学意义。结论多因素分析结果表明神经过度牵拉、术后血肿形成、神经根张力较大、椎间指数≥50%、神经根粘连是腰椎间盘突出症术后并发足下垂的危险因素。合并危险因素者术前应做好手术准备,术中仔细操作,降低并预防神经损伤导致的足下垂。