文冠果化学成分及药理作用研究进展

目的对文冠果 (XanthocerassorbifoliaBunge )化学成分及药理作用研究进展进行综述。 方法按照化学成分和药理作用类型进行分类综述。结果与结论文冠果中主要含有三萜皂苷、黄酮、香豆素等类型成分 ,并且具有抗炎、抑制HIV 1蛋白酶、改善学习记忆功能等药理活性     

文冠果壳提取物对β-淀粉样蛋白致动物学习记忆障碍的改善作用

目的研究文冠果壳乙醇提取物对动物学习记忆障碍的改善作用并探讨其可能的作用机制。方法采用水迷宫法、避暗法测定小鼠的学习记忆能力;用Y迷宫法及Morris水迷宫法测试大鼠的学习记忆能力,显微镜下观察海马组织形态学改变。结果文冠果壳乙醇提取物显著减少侧脑室注射β-淀粉样蛋白(25-35)(Aβ(25-35))致记忆障碍小鼠水迷宫实验的逃避潜伏期和避暗实验的错误次数,延长避暗潜伏期;文冠果壳乙醇提取物显著提高D-半乳糖合用Aβ(25-35)致记忆障碍大鼠Y迷宫测试中正确反应率,显著缩短Morris水迷宫测试中的潜伏期及游泳路程;抑制海马神经元的变性及脱落。结论文冠果壳乙醇提取物对Aβ(25-35)致鼠学习记忆障碍有显著的改善作用,其作用机制可能与对抗Aβ(25-35)的毒性有关。     

文冠果果柄的化学成分研究

目的 研究文冠果果柄的化学成分,寻找新的药用部位.方法 采用大孔树脂、硅胶柱色谱分离化学成分,通过理化性质及波谱分析等方法进行结构鉴定.结果 从文冠果果柄70%乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了6个化合物,分别为21-当归酰基-24-羟基-R1-barrigenol(21-angeloyl-24-hydroxy-R1-barrigenol,Ⅰ)、23-羟基白桦脂酸(23-hy-droxybetulinic acid,Ⅱ)、23-羟基白桦脂酸-3-咖啡酸酯(3β,23-dihydroxy-lup-20(29)en-28-oic acid-3-caffeate,Ⅲ)、22,23-二氢-a-菠甾酮(22,23-dehydroxy-a-chondrillasterone,Ⅳ)、3-oxotirucalla-7,24-dien-21-oic(Ⅴ),a-菠菜甾醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(spinasterol-3-O-β-D-gIucopyranoside,Ⅵ).结论 化合物Ⅰ为-新天然产物,Ⅱ～Ⅳ.     

文冠果果壳中脂肪酸成分的研究

目的研究我国特有的药用植物文冠果的果壳中脂肪酸成分.方法采用气相色谱质谱联用技术.结果确定21种脂肪酸的结构和含量.结论其中有8种脂肪酸在该植物中为首次报道.     

文冠果的化学成分与生物活性研究进展

文冠果为我国特有的珍稀木本油料作物,是绿化、食用、药用和制作生物燃料油的重要木本油料树种,近年来广泛受到学术界关注.其果仁、果皮、枝叶等药用部位富含三萜、黄酮、香豆素、甾醇等化学成分.现代医学研究表明,文冠果具有抗炎、抗肿瘤、抑制HIV蛋白酶、促进NGF介导的神经突触生长、改善学习记忆等药理作用和生物活性.对近年来有关...     

Characterization and quantification of the triterpenoids in different parts of Xanthoceras sorbifolia by HPLC-ESI-MS

Two new triterpenoid glycosides, sorbifoside A (2) and B (3), were isolated from the husks of Xanthoceras sorbifolia along with two known saponins (1, 5). Their structures were established on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR data. A simple and sensitive assay was developed for the simultaneous determination of 6 triterpenoids (1-6, including two triterpenoid aglycones) in X. sorbifolia based on high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) coupled to an electrospray ionization (ESI) interface. The analytes were detected by positive ESI ionization mode and quantified by selected ion monitoring (SIM). All the linear regressions were acquired with r2>0.998. The precisions were evaluated by intra- and inter-day tests, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) values were within the range of 2.0-2.8% and 1.7-2.9%, respectively. The recoveries for the quantified compounds were observed over the range of 95.3-104.7% with RSD values less than 4.6%. The method developed was successfully applied for simultaneous quantification of the six triterpenoids in X. sorbifolia, and our results showed that the contents of triterpenoids in different parts of X. sorbifolia varied significantly.     

文冠果花化学成分的分离与鉴定

目的研究文冠果(Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge)花的化学成分。方法采用制备薄层色谱、反复硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、ODS柱色谱等方法进行分离纯化;根据理化性质及光谱数据确定化合物的结构。结果分离得到13个化合物,分别鉴定为对羟基苯甲酸甲酯(methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate,1)、白桦脂醇(betulin,2)、山柰酚(kaempferol,3)、槲皮素(quercetin,4)、槲皮苷(quercitrin,5)、东莨菪素(scopoletin,6)、鼠李柠檬素(rhamnocitrin,7)、芦丁(rutin,8)、异杨梅树皮苷(myricetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,9)、1-O-甲基-肌-肌醇(1-O-methyl-myo-inositol,10)、柚皮素(naringenin,11)、柯依利素(chrysoeriol,12)、山柰酚-3-O-(2-O-α-L-鼠李糖基)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(kaempferol-3-O-(2-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside,13)。结论化合物1、7、9、12-13为首次从文冠果属植物中分离得到。     

超微粉碎对蒙药文冠木中总黄酮的体外溶出度影响

目的采用紫外分光光度法对文冠木普通粉和超微粉中主要有效成分总黄酮的溶出度进行比较。方法采用桨状搅拌法,紫外分光光度法在500 nm处测定文冠木普通粉与超微粉总黄酮的体外溶出度。结果文冠木超微粉中总黄酮在单位时间内的溶出速率明显高于普通粉,且溶出量较普通粉提高了约20%。结论微粉化技术能明显提高文冠木中主要有效成分总黄酮的体外溶出度。     

蒙药文冠木不同药用部位中槲皮素与总黄酮含量的分析比较研究

目的：对文冠木不同药用部位的槲皮素和总黄酮的含量进行比较研究。方法：测定槲皮素采用高效液相色谱法,流动相为甲醇-0.4%磷酸（61∶39）;检测波长：360nm;流速：1mL/min;柱温为室温。测定总黄酮采用紫外分光光度法,检测波长：500nm。结果：槲皮素在0.40～8.0μg/mL范围内与峰面积线性关系良好（r=0.9992）,平均加样回收率为99.00%,RSD=2.44%。总黄酮以芦丁计在8～48μg/mL范围内与吸光度呈良好的线性关系（r=0.9993）,平均加样回收率为101.3%,RSD=1.45%。槲皮素与总黄酮二者在茎枝中的含量均高于茎干。结论：该方法准确、可靠。对蒙药文冠木药材质量检控与评价提供实验依据。     

Two new isoxazolines from the husks of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge

Two new isoxazoline compounds, 1-oxa-2-azaspiro[4.5]dec-2-ene-8β-ol (1) and 1-oxa-2-azaspiro[4.5]dec-2-ene-8α-ol (2), were isolated from the husks of fruits of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge and their structures were determined by spectroscopic analyses, including X-ray crystallography, HRESI-MS, UV, IR, and 1D and 2D NMR (HSQC, HMBC, NOESY) methods. Neither compound showed significant inhibitory effects on butyrylcholinesterase (BuchE) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), nor the selected tumor cells growth. Based on an online activity prediction program (PASS ONLINE), the structures with isoxazoline skeletons were found to show potential anti-asthmatic (AM) and anti-anaphylaxis (AP) activities; moreover, compounds 1 and 2 were predicted to possess high affinities for many enzymes involved in AM and AP according to the RCSB Protein Data Bank. High-affinity binding to phosphodiesterase IV (PDE-4), an important inflammatory modulator in asthma, was demonstrated experimentally, beside that, the predicted structures based on compounds 1 and 2 were analyzed for PDE-4 interactions using the molecular docking methodology of Discovery Studio 3.0 (DS 3.0). The predicted structure 2A-6 exhibited much higher affinity and stability of PDE-4 binding than the clinical PDE-4 inhibitor rolipram.