首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   29篇
  免费   0篇
妇产科学   1篇
基础医学   2篇
口腔科学   1篇
临床医学   1篇
内科学   2篇
神经病学   3篇
外科学   1篇
预防医学   6篇
药学   5篇
肿瘤学   7篇
  2022年   1篇
  2020年   1篇
  2018年   2篇
  2016年   1篇
  2013年   4篇
  2012年   1篇
  2011年   2篇
  2010年   1篇
  2009年   1篇
  2007年   1篇
  2004年   1篇
  2003年   2篇
  2002年   1篇
  1998年   2篇
  1993年   3篇
  1991年   1篇
  1989年   1篇
  1988年   2篇
  1985年   1篇
排序方式: 共有29条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Summary BAY m1099 (a 1-deoxynojirimycin derivative) is a glucose analogue which is an -glucosidase inhibitor. Its effects on post-prandial blood glucose and insulin levels was compared with a placebo in 12 healthy male volunteers (6 Blacks and 6 Whites). It produced a similar, significant depression of post-prandial blood glucose and insulin leveles when the groups were assessed separately and when the data were pooled. Although blood insulin levels in Whites were higher than in Blacks, as previously reported, the difference was not statistically significant and did not appear to influence the response to the drug. BAY 1099 produced no objective or subjective untoward effects and appears to warrant further investigation as an adjuvant to dietary control of diabetes mellitus.  相似文献   
2.

Background

Racial disparities in incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) exist. In Hispanics, CRC was the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in 2012.

Methods

We abstracted the national estimates for Hispanics/Whites with CRC using the SEER database between 2000 and 2010. Trends in incidence, mortality, gender and stage of disease were analyzed for early-onset (age<50; EO - young) and late-onset (age>50; LO - old) cases.

Results

The overall incidence of CRC increased by 48% in Hispanics. 38% increase in incidence of LO CRC and 80% increase in incidence of EO CRC was seen in this ethnic group. Hispanics and Whites showed higher percentage of distant tumors for both age groups. There was no deviation in overall trend between males and females.

Conclusions

Although there is an overall decrease in incidence of CRC in Whites increase was seen in Hispanics. While incidence of EO CRC is increasing in both races, LO CRC incidence is increasing in Hispanics not in Whites. This data suggest that disparities in incidence of EO and LO CRC exist between Hispanics and Whites.  相似文献   
3.
Genetic variation in several genes involved in lipid metabolism is known to affect population variation in quantitative lipid risk factor profiles for coronary heart disease (CHD). The apolipoprotein A‐IV gene (APOA4) is one such candidate gene. We genotyped five polymorphisms in the APOA4 gene (codon 127, codon 130, codon347, codon 360 and 3’ VNTR) and investigated their impact on plasma lipid trait levels in three populations comprising 604 U.S. non‐Hispanic Whites (NHWs), 408 U.S. Hispanics and 708 Nigerian Blacks. Cladistic analysis was carried out to identify 5‐site haplotypes that were associated with significant phenotypic differences in each population. The distribution of APOA4 genotypes was significantly different between ethnic groups. The Africans were monomorphic for two of the five sites (codons 130 and 360), but possess a unique 12 bp insertion that was not observed in NHWs and Hispanics. Due to linkage disequilibrium between the sites, only 6 haplotypes were observed in NHWs and Hispanics, and 4 in Africans. Several gender‐and ethnic‐specific associations between genotypes and plasma lipid traits were observed when single sites were used. Several haplotypes were identified by cladistic analysis that may carry functional mutations that affect plasma lipid trait levels.  相似文献   
4.
BACKGROUND: Relatively little is known about racial differences in health-related quality of life (HRQL) among patients receiving dialysis for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or how such differences may relate to preferences for renal transplantation. METHODS: We surveyed 1392 patients, ages 18-54 approximately 10 months after they initiated dialysis in 4 regions of the United States. The HRQL measures analyzed were overall health, emotional health, physical activity, energy level, social activity, and effect of ESRD on daily life. We also examined whether the measures of HRQL were associated with patients' preferences for renal transplantation by race. RESULTS: After adjustment for socioeconomic and clinical characteristics, Black women and men reported better overall health than White women and men, respectively. Black women reported higher energy levels than White women, and Black men reported less negative effects of ESRD on daily life compared to White men. Black men with high levels of physical activity were less likely to be certain about preferring a transplant than White men with similar levels of physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: Black patients receiving dialysis reported better HRQL than White patients, even after controlling for potential confounders. Racial differences in preferences for renal transplantation among men may be associated with their levels of physical activity.  相似文献   
5.
Background: The objective of this paper is to examine 10‐year trends (1992 to 2002) in the number and type of indicators of DSM‐IV abuse and dependence among whites, blacks, and Hispanics in the United States. Methods: Data are from the 1991 to 1992 National Longitudinal Alcohol Epidemiologic Survey (NLAES; n = 42,862) and the 2001 to 2002 National Epidemiologic Study on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC; n = 43,093). Both surveys used multistage cluster sample procedures to select respondents 18 years of age and older from the U.S. household population. Results: Increases in the prevalence of alcohol abuse between 1992 and 2002 seem associated with a rise in the prevalence of the indicator for “hazardous use.” which usually means reports of driving after drinking. The decrease in dependence was not associated with changes in a particular indicator. In addition, both in 1992 and 2002, 12.3 to 15.4% of the men and 5.2 to 7.9% of the women were diagnostic “orphans.” These respondents reported 1 or 2 indicators of alcohol dependence as present. Conclusions: The observed trends in number and types of indicators of DSM‐IV alcohol abuse and dependence were probably triggered by a complex interplay between individuals’ volume and pattern of drinking and reactions from the drinkers’ social environment. The close association between hazardous use of alcohol and the prevalence of abuse deserves further discussion. A medical diagnostic category should not be so dependent on a criterion that may be influenced by social situations. It is necessary to understand more about diagnostic “orphans” to better design interventions to address their problems.  相似文献   
6.
Black people in the UK, in the Caribbean, and to a lesser extent in the USA, experience coronary heart disease events at different rates than white people. Despite having higher prevalence of hypertension, cigarette smoking and diabetes, black males have significantly lower coronary heart disease rates than white males, whereas no significant differences have been detected in females. The only known risk factor differences that could account for the difference in CHD rates are higher HDL cholesterol and lower triglycerides that are seen in blacks compared with whites. Obesity and, in particular abdominal obesity, seems to determine TG and HDL cholesterol levels: black males are less centrally obese than whites, while total adiposity and central distribution of fat is more predominant in black females compared with white females. We propose that the less degree of abdominal adiposity observed in black males is related with an increased anti-lipolytic effect of insulin, which could account for low triglycerides and high HDL cholesterol levels, and consequently explain the higher protection from coronary heart disease experienced by black males compared with whites and black females.  相似文献   
7.
Studies have found that urban sprawl explains many regional differences in BMI and walking behavior. Yet, African Americans, who often live in dense, urban neighborhoods with exemplar street connectivity, suffer disproportionately from obesity. This study analyzed walking and BMI among 1124 Whites and 691 Blacks in Los Angeles County and southern Louisiana in relation to neighborhood safety, street connectivity, and walking destinations. While the built environment partly explains regional differences in walking and BMI among Whites, the magnitude of effect was modest. There were no regional differences in outcomes for African Americans; individual rather than neighborhood characteristics served as the best predictors.  相似文献   
8.
Objective:To determine whether dentoalveolar changes or vertical condylar growth is more closely related to the true forward rotation of the mandible during the transition between the late primary and early mixed dentition stages of development.Materials and Methods:The sample included 50 subjects (25 males and 25 females) with Class I (N  =  25) and Class II (N  =  25) molar relationships. They were selected based on the availability of lateral cephalograms at two developmental stages: T1: last film with complete primary dentition (5.8 ± 0.4 years) and T2: first film with permanent incisors and permanent molars fully erupted (8.0 ± 0.2 years). Seventeen landmarks were identified and 22 measurements were calculated. The mandibles at T1 and T2 were superimposed using natural reference structures in order to measure true mandibular rotation.Results:The mandible underwent −2.4° ± 2.6° of true rotation, 1.9° ± 2.4° of remodeling, and −0.6° ± 1.8° of apparent rotation. There were no significant sex or Class differences in true rotation, remodeling, and apparent rotation. There was a moderate correlation (r  =  0.76) between true rotation and remodeling and a moderately low correlation (r  =  0.40) between true rotation and apparent rotation. There was a weak correlation between true rotation and SNA (r  =  0.28). True rotation was most closely associated with the increases in U1/S-N (r  =  −0.34), increases in U1/PP (r  =  −0.36), and decreases in Id-Me (r  =  0.36).Conclusions:Independent of sex and Class, the true mandibular rotation that occurred between the late primary and early mixed dentition was mostly masked by angular remodeling, resulting in limited amounts of apparent rotation. True rotation was significantly related to anterior dentoalveolar changes but not to the vertical growth changes that occurred.  相似文献   
9.
OBJECTIVES: Socioeconomic status is explored as a predictor of differences between Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites in cancer prevention behavior.METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, in-person interviews (n = 1795) were conducted in a population-based random sample of adults in 20 communities with a high proportion of Hispanics.RESULTS: Hispanics were significantly less likely than non-Hispanic Whites to ever have had cervical (p < 0.001), breast (p = 0.007), or colorectal cancer (FOBT p = 0.008; sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy p < 0.002) screening. After adjusting for socioeconomic status (education and having health insurance), only differences in cervical cancer remained significant (p = 0.024). After adjusting for socioeconomic status, Hispanics had a significantly higher intake of fruits and vegetables per day (4.84 servings) than non-Hispanic Whites (3.84 servings) (p < 0.001); and fat behavior score was marginally significant after adjustment for socioeconomic status (p = 0.053). Significantly fewer Hispanics were current smokers than non-Hispanic Whites (p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: There is only limited support for the hypothesis that socioeconomic status is a major determinant of some cancer-related behaviors; specifically, socioeconomic status is related to mammography and colorectal screening, but not cervical cancer, dietary behavior, or smoking.  相似文献   
10.
Attitudinal differences among 104 Korean and 107 Caucasian-American counseling students was investigated using the Mental Health Values Questionnaire (MHVQ). Caucasian-American students reported significantly greater attitudinal scores on the negative traits, untrustworthiness, and unconventional reality subscales. In contrast, the Korean sample reported higher attitudinal scores on the achievement and affective control subscales. Implications for cross-cultural mental health education and practice are discussed.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号