血芙蓉化学成分的研究

目的研究血芙蓉Teucrium viscidum Bl.的化学成分。方法血芙蓉70%乙醇提取物采用硅胶、ODS、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱进行分离纯化,根据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定所得化合物的结构。结果从中分离得到20个化合物,分别鉴定为20β-羟基熊果酸(1)、β-谷甾醇(2)、羽扇豆醇(3)、齐墩果酸(4)、木犀草素(5)、槲皮素(6)、芹菜素(7)、β-胡萝卜苷(8)、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(9)、teuvisone (10)、lipidiol (11)、teucvisin B (12)、1,5,9-epideoxyloganin (13)、1,5,9-epideoxyloganic acid (14)、5-epideoxyloganin (15)、argylioside (16)、8-epideoxyloganic acid (17)、radiatoside E (18)、radiatoside F (19)、enmenol-glucoside (20)。结论化合物1、3、7、9、13~20为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物1、13~20为首次从石蚕属植物中分离得到。     

Appraisal of scopolamine-induced antiamnesic effect in mice and in vitro antiacetylcholinesterase and antioxidant activities of some traditionally used Lamiaceae plants

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Salvia species and Melissa officinalis are used for their memory-enhancing effects in European folk medicine. Teucrium polium was reported to be used in Anatolia for memory-enhancement in a very old book written by an Ottoman herbalist–physician.

Aim of the study

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder mostly affecting the elder population. Currently, there is no cure for the treatment of severe type of AD. Therefore, in this study, the hydroalcoholic extracts of three traditionally used Lamiaceae species for memory-enhancement; Salvia triloba L., Melissa officinalis L., and Teucrium polium L., were assessed for their in vivo antiamnesic activity along with in vitro anticholinesterase and antioxidant activities.

Materials and methods

Scopolamine-induced antiamnesic activity was determined in mice by passive avoidance test, while anticholinesterase effect was measured by spectrophotometric Ellman method at 0.25, 0.50, 1.0, and 2.0 mg ml⁻¹ and antioxidant activity was assessed by scavenging effect against 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Total phenol contents of the extracts were determined by Folin-Ciocalteau method.

Results

Salvia triloba was the most effective in antiamnesic experiment at 100, 200, and 400 mg kg⁻¹ doses having 22.7, 57.1, and 71.4% of relative effects, respectively. Teucrium polium was also active dose-dependently, whereas Melissa officinalis was completely inactive. In the anticholinesterase assay, the extracts showed similar inhibitions against acetylcholinesterase and Teucrium polium had the highest inhibition (65.8% at 1.0 mg ml⁻¹). Concerning the antioxidant effect, all the extracts exerted the highest activity among all having IC₅₀ values between 0.227 and 0.428 mg/ml.

Conclusion

Our data suggest that Teucrium polium among the screened plants deserves to be examined further as a herbal alternative for AD treatment.     

Inhibitory effects of ethyl acetate extract of Teucrium polium on in vitro protein glycoxidation

Regarding the involvement of free radicals and oxidative reactions in protein glycoxidation processes, compounds with antioxidant activities have been tested in order to reduce or to stop glycoxidation. In this study, we evaluated the antioxidant potential of several organic fractions of Teucrium polium extract using different model systems including total antioxidant capacity by the phosphomolybdenum method, ferric reducing antioxidant power and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assays, antioxidant activity in linoleic acid emulsion system and scavenging of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical. The results indicated that the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction of T. polium possesses the highest antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Given the link between glycation and oxidation, we proposed that the EtOAc fraction might possess significant in vitro antiglycation activities as well. Our data confirmed the inhibitory effect of EtOAc fraction on bovine serum albumin (BSA) glycoxidation measured in terms of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and pentosidine formation as well as protein oxidation markers including protein carbonyl formation (PCO) and loss of protein thiols. Reducing sugars such as ribose and glucose increase fluorescence intensity of glycated BSA in terms of total AGEs and pentosidine during 21 day of exposure. Moreover, sugars cause more PCO formation and also oxidize thiol groups more in glycated than in native BSA. EtOAc extract at different concentrations (10–100 μg/ml) has significantly quenched the fluorescence intensity of glycated BSA. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of EtOAc extract in preventing oxidative protein damages including effect on PCO formation and thiol oxidation which are believe to form under the glycoxidation process. These results clearly demonstrate that, the EtOAc fraction, owning to its antioxidant content, is capable of suppressing the formation of AGEs and protein oxidation in vitro.     

Studies on the in vivo hypoglycemic activities of two medicinal plants used in the treatment of diabetes in Jordanian traditional medicine following intranasal administration

The claimed hypoglycemic activities of Paronychia argentea Lam. (Caryophyllaceae) and Teucrium polium L. (Labiatae), two traditionally widely used medicinal plants in Jordan were evaluated using normoglycemic and alloxan induced hyperglycemic rabbits by intranasal administration of the plant crude extracts (10%) in a vehicle containing 5% (w/w) Pluronic F127. No significant difference was observed between the extract treated and non-treated control animals receiving only water.     

血见愁使用现状分析及其多基源原因探讨

目的分析血见愁的使用现状并对其多基源的原因进行探讨。方法对血见愁的本草学资料和现代研究文献进行梳理分析。结果血见愁在全国有近40种原植物,不同来源血见愁的功效及使用地区各异。结论血见愁作为一味民间药,其多基源使用现象受人为因素和自然环境等多方面因素影响。     

Preparation of Teucrium polium extract-loaded chitosan-sodium lauryl sulfate beads and chitosan-alginate films for wound dressing application

This study aimed to formulate sodium lauryl sulfate cross-linked chitosan beads and sodium alginate-chitosan films for designing a dressing that would shorten the healing time of skin wounds. Teucrium polium extract-loaded chitosan-sodium lauryl sulfate beads (CH-SLS) and chitosan-alginate (CH-ALG) films were prepared and characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The swelling properties of the CH-SLS beads were also analyzed in a water solution. The obtained Teucrium polium extract-loaded CH-SLS beads and CH-ALG films (TBF) were further incorporated into the commercial adhesive dressing. This TBF wound dressing was then investigated for evaluation of its wound healing potential in the mice using the excision wound model. Healing was assessed by the macroscopic appearance and the rate of wound contraction during 8 days. On day 4, the TBF-treated wounds exhibited 98% reduction in the wound area when they were compared with healing ointment, elastic adhesive dressing, and untreated wounds which were exhibited 63%, 43%, and 32%, respectively. Furthermore, the application of TBF dressing reduced skin wound rank scores and increased the percentage of wounds contraction. These results demonstrate that TBF dressing improves considerably the healing rate and the macroscopic wound appearance at a short delay and this application may have therapeutic benefits in wound healing.     

Oxaliplatin-loaded nanoemulsion containing Teucrium polium L. essential oil induces apoptosis in Colon cancer cell lines through ROS-mediated pathway

Oxaliplatin (Oxa)-associated adverse side effects have considerably limited the clinical use of the drug in colon cancer therapy. Mutant p53 has diverse mutational profiles in colon cancer, and it influences the potencies of various chemotherapeutic drugs, including Oxa. Thus, it would be highly beneficial to identify an alternative therapeutic strategy that not only reduces the toxicity of Oxa, but also exerts a synergistic effect against colon cancers, regardless of their p53 profiles. The present study was aimed at preparing and optimizing Teucrium polium L. essential oil nanoemulsion (TPO-NANO) and investigating its effect on the sensitivity of colon cancer cells with differences in p53 status (HCT116 wild-type and HT-29 mutant-type) to Oxa. The viability of treated cells was determined and the combination index (CI) was calculated. Morphological changes were determined under inverted microscopy, while percentage apoptosis was assayed using flow cytometry. Intracellular ROS and the protein levels of p53 and Bax were measured. The colony-forming potential of treated cells was determined using colony assay. The size of TPO-NANO was markedly increased from 12.90 ± 0.04 nm to 14.47 ± 0.53 nm after loading Oxa (p ≤ 0.05). The combination (Oxa + TPO-NANO) produced a synergetic effect in HCT116 and HT-29, with CI of 0.94 and 0.88, respectively. Microscopic examination and flow cytometric analysis revealed that cells treated with Oxa + TPO-NANO had a higher percentage of apoptosis than cells exposed to monotherapy. Cumulatively, Oxa exerted an apoptotic effect on wild or mutant p53 colon cancer cells when combined with TPO-NANO, through a mechanism involving ROS-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis.     

长毛香科科化学成分及生物活性研究

目的:研究长毛香科科化学成分及生物活性.方法:采用各种色谱法分离,运用多种波谱技术和X-衍射鉴定结构;利用体外DPPH微量抗氧化模型、α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制模型和纸片扩散法进行抑菌活性筛选.结果:从长毛香科科醋酸乙酯部位分离鉴定了8个化合物:三(十八酸)甘油酯(1),2,5-二氧环戊酮(2),羊齿烯醇(3),△~(5,22)-豆甾烯醇(4),24-去亚甲胆甾-5,22(E)-二烯-3β-醇(5),α-菠菜甾醇(6),3,4-二羟基苯丙烯酸乙二醇单酯(7),3,4-二羟基苯丙烯酸(8).结论:化合物1～8为首次从该属中分离得到.生物活性测试结果表明化合物3[IC_(50)=(37.63±3.45)mg·L~(-1)],6[IC_(50)=(178.92±4.99)mg·L~(-1)]和8[IC_(50)=(44.32±7.02)mg·L~(-1)]体外抑制α-糖苷酶抑制活性远高于对照acarbose[IC_(50)=(1 081.27±12.3)mg·L~(-1)];化合物7[IC_(50)=(4.81±0.96)mg·L~(-1)]和8[IC_(50)=(4.16±0.11)mg·L~(-1)]抗氧化活性高于对照BHT[IC_(50)=(35.64±0.36)mg·L~(-1)]和BHA[IC_(50)=(8.74±0.39)mg·L~(-1)];化合物5～8均对小麦赤霉病有明显的抑制活性;化合物5和8对番茄灰霉病菌有明显抑制效果.     

Iridoids fromTeucrium yemense

The aerial parts ofTeucrium yemense yielded two iridoid glycosides. Their structures were elucidated by spectral means as teucardosid and 8-O-acetylharpagid.