应激性高血糖对非糖尿病急性心肌梗死患者预后的影响

目的 评估应激性高血糖对非糖尿病急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者预后的影响和意义.方法 将138例AMI患者以空腹血糖水平分为应激性高血糖组(98例)和无应激性高血糖组(40例),比较2组患者的临床特点、并发症及病死率等.结果 AMI后应激性高血糖组严重心律失常、心力衰竭、心源性休克、大面积梗死、冠状动脉2支及3支病变发生率及病死率高于无应激性高血糖组[39.8%(39/98)比12.5%(5/40)、32.7%(32/98)比10.0%(4/40)、37.8%(37/98)比12.5%(5/40)、48.0%(47/98)比15.0%(6/40)、42.9%(42/98)比15.0%(6/40)、45.9%(45/98)比12.5%(5/40)、18.4%(18/98)比5.0%(2/40),均P＜0.05].应激性高血糖组肌酸激酶水平明显高于无应激性高血糖组[(521±116)U/L比(334±134)U/L,P＜0.05].应激性高血糖组的左冠状动脉前降支近段、左冠状动脉回旋支近段、右冠状动脉近段的梗死面积均明显大于无应激性高血糖组[(5.10±0.88)cm2 比(3.70±1.14)cm2,(3.40±0.65)cm2比(1.20±0.54)cm2,(4.50 ±1.20)cm2比(1.80±0.91)cm2,均P＜0.05].结论 应激性高血糖是AMI患者住院期间预后不良的独立预测因子和危险因素,对AMI患者应积极控制血糖水平,早发现、早处理高血糖,降低心血管事件的发生危险,以提高患者生活质量、改善其预后.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the influence and significance of stress-hyperglycemia on prognosis in non-diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI). Methods All 138 AMI patients were divided, according to fasting blood glucose level, into stress-hyperglycemia group (n = 98) and non-stress-hyperglycemia group (n=40). Clinical features,complications and mortalities were compared between 2 groups. Results There was significant difference in severe arrhythmias,heart failure,cardiogenic shock,mortality and lesion incidence in 2 or 3 coronary arteries between 2 groups[(39. 8% (39/98) vs 12. 5% (5/40), 32. 7% (32/98) vs 10. 0% (4/40), 37.8% (37/98) vs 12.5% (5/40), 48. 0% (47/98) vs 15. 0% (6/40), 42. 9% (42/98) vs 15. 0% (6/40), 45.9%(45/98) vs 12.5% (5/40), 18.4%(18/98) vs5.0%(2/40), P＜0.05]. Fasting blood glucose and creatine phosphokinase were higher in stress-hyperglycemia group than in non-stress-hyperglycemia group. Proximal (left anterior descending artery, circumflex artery and right coronary artery) were higher in stress-hyperglycemia group than in non-stress-hyperglycemia group[(5.10 ±0.88)cm2 vs (3.70 ±1.14)cm2 ,(3.40 ±0.65)cm2 vs (1.20± 0.54)cm2,(4.50±1.20)cm2 vs (1.80±0.91)cm2,P＜0.05]. Conclusions Stress-hyperglycemia is the independent predictor and the risk factor for poor prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction during hospitalization. Active control of blood glucose is of importance for preventing and controling of complication and lowing of mortality.