The value of serial determination of MEGX and hyaluronic acid early after orthotopic liver transplantation

Abstract. Post-transplant assessment of early graft function has become an essential part of monitoring, especially when deciding on retransplantation. If primary non-function is indicated, retransplantation is inevitable; early graft dysfunction may be related to subsequent complications. In a prospective study in 84 patients after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) we measured aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH), bilirubin (BIL), prothrombin time, MEGX formation, hyaluronic acid (HA) and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) concentrations during the first 2 postoperative weeks; graft outcome was followed over 4 months. The aim of this study was to determine whether graft survival could be predicted by such variables early after OLT. Compared with patients with stable graft function (n= 25), patients with post-transplant icteric cholestasis (n= 30) exhibited no difference in graft survival, despite a decrease in MEGX formation to a nadir median of 12 μgL^-1 on day 10. Patients with rejection (n= 8) and septicaemia (n= 6) showed a marked decrease in MEGX values and an increase in HA and sIL-2R concentrations between postoperative days 3 and 7. Patients with primary non-function (PNF; n= 5) were characterized by strongly reduced MEGX formation (median 4 μgL) and increased HA values (median 2300 μgL^-1) on day 3 after OLT. A total of 24/84 grafts were lost within 120 days. In a survival analysis using the Cox proportional hazards regression, HA and MEGX values on day 1 were the only independent variables entering the model that showed an adequate prognostic sensitivity. At cut-off points of 22 μgL^-1 (MEGX) and 730 μgL^-1 (HA) the combined use of these parameters in a parallel approach yielded a sensitivity of 58% with a corresponding specificity of 95% for 120-day graft survival. These findings suggest that the inclusion of MEGX and HA in postoperative monitoring of OLT patients may be helpful in the early prediction of graft survival.     

透明质酸钠关节注射配合穴位按压治疗膝骨性关节炎疗效分析

目的:探讨透明质酸钠关节腔注射配合穴位按压治疗膝骨性关节炎的临床疗效.方法:126例膝骨性关节炎随机分为治疗组(透明质酸钠关节腔注射配合穴位按压)64例和对照组(康宁克通关节腔注射)62例,分别对其治疗前后及组间在步行距离、关节疼痛、肿胀、压痛、关节活动受限、总有效率和治疗后6个月、12个月上述各参数进行比较、分析.结果:治疗组在步行距离、关节功能活动受限、关节疼痛及6～12个月后在关节疼痛和关节活动受限均较对照组有较显著改善(P＜0.01),治疗组总有效率优于对照组(P＜0.05).结论:对早、中期的膝骨性关节炎透明质酸钠关节腔注射配合穴位按压在缓解关节疼痛、改善关节功能活动受限方面有显著的效果,并能维持较长的疗效,操作简便,适合临床推广.     

Circulating markers of oxidative stress and liver fibrosis in Sudanese subjects at risk of schistosomiasis and hepatitis

Epidemiological studies in the developing world are frequently biased by the simultaneous presence of several infectious pathogens. In the present study, we examined the usefulness of circulating markers of oxidative stress and liver fibrosis to investigate the distinct forms of chronic liver inflammations associated with schistosomiasis and viral hepatitis, respectively. The study was performed in a Sudanese population exposed to Schistosoma. Circulating hyaluronic acid (HA) was used as a marker of liver fibrosis; the severity of schistosomiasis was determined by ultrasonic examination; viral hepatitis infection was ascertained by circulating anti-hepatitis antibodies. Serum markers were examined also in Sudanese subjects not exposed to Schistosoma infection and in French control subjects. We found a drastic decrease of lycopene levels in the subjects exposed to schistosomiasis in comparison with non-exposed Sudanese and French control subjects. Retinol, alpha-tocopherol and five carotenoids were unchanged. Lycopene depletion was unlikely to be due to variations of nutritional origin, since the lycopene/beta-carotene ratio was five-fold lower in the population at risk of schistosomiasis than in the other groups. We found that high HA serum levels were associated with severe periportal fibrosis but not with viral infection. Conversely, levels of the oxidized lipid malondialdehyde (MDA) were associated with viral infection but not with the severity of schistosomiasis, even though the two infections had additive effects. We concluded that serum markers are valuable tools for investigating the complex effects of co-existing factors of chronic liver inflammation.     

复方骨肽注射液联合玻璃酸钠治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的临床研究

目的 探讨复方骨肽注射液联合玻璃酸钠注射液治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的临床疗效。方法 选取2013年6月—2015年6月榆林市第一医院收治的膝关节骨性关节炎患者192例,随机分为玻璃酸钠组、骨肽组和联合组,每组各64例。玻璃酸钠组清除关节积液后关节腔内注射玻璃酸钠注射液,25 mg/次,1次/周,治疗5周;骨肽组静脉滴注复方骨肽注射液,4~10 m L加入生理盐水250 m L中,1次/d,治疗20 d。联合组采用玻璃酸钠注射液和复方骨肽注射液联合治疗,用法用量、疗程同玻璃酸钠组和骨肽组。观察3组的临床疗效,比较血清学指标和视觉模拟评分(VAS)情况。结果 治疗后,玻璃酸钠组、骨肽组和联合组总有效率分别为73.44%、75.00%、90.63%,联合组总有效率明显优于玻璃酸钠组和骨肽组,3组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,3组基质金属蛋白酶-3(MMP-3)、基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂-1(TIMP-1)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平均明显下降,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);且联合组这些指标下降程度明显优于玻璃酸钠组和骨肽组,3组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,3组VAS评分均明显下降,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);且联合组VAS评分下降程度明显优于玻璃酸钠组和骨肽组,3组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 静脉滴注复方骨肽注射液联合关节腔注射玻璃酸钠注射液治疗膝关节骨性关节炎具有较好的临床疗效,能改善临床症状,调节血清学指标,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

透明质酸/壳聚糖复合支架的制备及其力学性能评价

目的　模拟天然骨组织的结构和成分,寻找适合骨组织工程的新型支架材料。 方法 以透明质酸、壳聚糖为基质材料,在微酸性环境中以一定配比与氯化钙和磷酸二氢钠混合,冷冻干燥得到多孔复合支架材料。然后在乙醇/水/尿素环境中分别陈化0、2、4、8、12和24 h,以生成产物钙磷盐前驱体转变为羟基磷灰石,最终制备出一种深度矿化的透明质酸/壳聚糖复合支架。并通过SEM、EDS等对支架进行表征,研究支架的形貌、成分及力学强度等性能。 结果 SEM观察显示,支架材料具有比较均匀的多孔结构,孔径大小为100~200 μm。EDS结果表明,复合支架在一次冻干之后形成的是磷酸氢钙（DCPD）,随着陈化时间的延长,DCPD逐渐向羟基磷灰石（HAP）转化。而压缩强度则表明经过原位矿化的支架力学性能显著提高。 结论 通过该法得到的透明质酸/壳聚糖复合支架可作为骨组织工程的新型支架材料。     

透明质酸钠对预防人工流产术后闭经的作用研究

目的：探讨透明质酸钠在人工流产手术后对预防闭经的实际疗效及价值。方法对400例人工流产术后使用透明质酸钠者进行跟踪调查,观察术后6个月内月经是否正常,有无白带增多、腹痛等症状,统计闭经出现的概率,并调查其年龄、孕次数与闭经之间的关系。随机选择400例进行人工流产术且未使用透明质酸钠等防粘连产品者,作为对照组,同样观察以上指标。结果人工流产术后使用透明质酸钠者仅1例出现闭经,闭经概率为0.26%,未使用防粘连产品者有19例闭经,闭经概率为5.35%,差异有统计学意义。结论透明质酸钠在人工流产术中对预防闭经有显著效果。     

A single nucleotide mutation results in loss of enzymatic activity in the hyaluronate lyase gene of Streptococcus pyogenes

Group A streptococci produce a variety of extracellular proteins, many of which are considered to be virulence factors. One of these is hyaluronate lyase (HylA), an enzyme capable of degrading the extracellular matrix of the host as well as the bacterial capsule. The current study examined three genotypes of hylA (full, truncated and deleted). Only isolates containing a full-length gene produced an enzymatically active hyaluronate lyase; however, truncation of the protein was not the reason for loss of activity. A single nucleotide substitution, resulting in an amino acid change at position 199 of the lyase was present in a highly-conserved region of the protein in isolates not producing active enzyme. In serotypes 4 and 22, those producing active enzymes, this residue was an aspartic acid, in serotypes not showing hyaluronate lyase activity, it was a valine. Site-directed mutagenesis indicated the loss of enzymatic activity of the hyaluronate lyase is in part determined by the mutation resulting in an amino acid residue change. This mutation results in an inactive form of the enzyme and is found in the more virulent serotypes of Streptococcus pyogenes, suggesting that hyaluronate lyase could interfere with the disease process, in essence being an anti-virulence factor.     

O.1%玻璃酸钠对小梁切除术后早期泪膜变化影响的观察

目的观察0.1%玻璃酸钠点眼液对小梁切除术后早期泪膜变化的影响。方法选取2005.12～2006.3之间小梁切除术38例(42眼),其中男17例(19眼),女21例(23眼),年龄47～82岁,平均52.1岁,均无全身免疫性疾病。随机分成两组。实验组20例(22眼),术后使用泰利必妥滴眼液4次/日、0.1%氟美瞳滴眼液6次/日及0.1%玻璃酸钠3次/日点眼,用药1周。对照组18例(20眼),除不使用0.1%玻璃酸钠外余术后用药与实验组相同。观察术前1日与术后7日SchirmerⅠ试验、BUT与角膜地形图的变化。结果实验组术前BUT、SchirmerⅠ、SRI(角膜表面规则指数)、SAI(角膜表面不对称指数)分别是(7.54±6.23)s,(12.40±9.67)mm,0.42±0.08,0.45±0.11;术后7d分别是(6.87±5.14)s,(13.29±5.48)mm,0.51±0.12,0.58±0.20,两者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对照组术前分别是(7.40±6.58)s,(13.21±9.68)mm,0.46±0.12,0.50±0.09;术后7d分别是(3.95±3.38)s,(15.34±9.54)mm,1.15±0.98,1.08±1.02,术前术后BUT、SRI、SAI差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组与对照组术后7d对比在BUT、SRI、SAI差异也具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论小梁切除术后早期泪膜会发生变化,使用0.1%玻璃酸钠点眼可以改善术后早期泪膜的功能。     

羊眼玻璃体透明质酸钠的制备与分析

用羊眼制备的透明质酸钠,经光谱测定和理化分析其质量标准达到眼科用透明质酸钠的要求。     

胫骨平台粉碎性骨折复位后注射透明质酸钠的疗效观察

目的探讨胫骨平台粉碎性骨折,复位固定后关节腔内注射透明质酸钠疗效观察。方法对68例胫骨平台粉碎性骨折病人,切开复位内固定后,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组34例。观察组术后给予常规治疗护理、康复训练,术后第7天开始,膝关节腔内注射透明质酸钠2ml和1%利多卡因0.5ml,每周1次,共3次。对照组仅给予常规治疗护理、康复训练。两组病人术后3个月时,按Lysholm膝关节功能评分标准进行评分。结果经治疗后,观察组患者得分均高于对照组,两组得分差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论胫骨平台粉碎性骨折,复位固定后关节腔内注射透明质酸钠能促进关节软骨愈合及功能恢复。