原子吸收光谱法测定椿树中微量元素

用原子吸收光谱法测定椿树中Mg、Fe、Zn、Pb、Mn、Ca等元素的含量。结果表明,椿树含有很多与人体密切相关的微量元素,具有较高的药用、食用和美容作用。     

A comparative study on the in vitro antioxidant potentials of three edible fruits: Cornelian cherry,Japanese persimmon and cherry laurel

This study was designed in order to investigate in vitro antioxidant potentials of 80% methanolic extracts prepared from three edible fruits, Cornus mas L., Diospyros kaki L., Laurocerasus officinalis Roem. For this purpose, 8 different tests were performed including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and superoxide radical scavenging tests, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), metal-chelating capacity, determination of total antioxidant capacity, β-carotene bleaching test in a linoleic acid emulsion system and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity. In addition, for evaluating the phenolic profile, total phenolic, flavonoid and proanthocyanidin contents were measured spectrophotometrically. Among the three fruits analyzed, Diospyros kaki L. showed the highest activity in all tests, except β-carotene bleaching test. Whereas, neither of three fruits showed metal-chelating activity. Also, a good correlation was found between the phenolic content and antioxidant parameters.     

丝瓜叶化学成分研究

从丝瓜(Luffa cylinderica Roem)叶中分得三种成分,经光谱和化学方法确定其结构为21β-羟基丝石竹皂甙元(L-2),2α-羟基常春藤皂甙元-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(L-8)和21β-羟基常春藤皂甙元-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(L-10)。L-2和L-10为新的天然产物,依次命名为丝瓜素A(lucyin A)和丝瓜皂甙N(lucyoside N)。     

水仙内生真菌的分离鉴定及聚类分析

目的 分离纯化水仙根茎中的内生真菌,并进行菌群组成及其多样性分析。方法 采用表面消毒、划线法从水仙鳞茎和根中分离内生真菌,基于形态学特征和核糖体转录间隔区（ITS-rDNA）序列分析,对分离株进行分类鉴定;以内生真菌的多样性指数（H）和均匀度指数（E）为指标,分析水仙内生真菌的菌群组成及其多样性。结果 共分离到18株内生真菌,其中16株来自根部,2株来自鳞茎,分别占总分离菌株的88.89%和11.11%。PCR扩增其中14株真菌ITS-rDNA,得到大小约500 bp片段,用BLAST软件对其测序结果进行相似性比对,发现4株为青霉属Penicillium,相似性95%～99%;3株为曲霉属Aspergillus,相似性99%～100%;3株为喙枝孢属Rhinocladiella,相似性为99%;其他4株分别为木霉属Trichoderma、链格孢属Alternaria、赤霉属Gibberella和镰孢霉属Fusarium,相似性都为99%。青霉菌为水仙内生真菌优势菌属。通过构建系统发育树发现这14株内生菌明显分为2大类群,Shannon多样性指数为1.778,均匀度为0.913 7。结论 水仙内生真菌菌群组成具有一定程度的多样性和差异性。     

古钩藤茎叶的化学成分研究

目的研究民族药用植物古钩藤Cryptolepis buchananii茎叶的化学成分。方法采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、ODS柱色谱以及制备HPLC等手段分离并纯化化合物,通过NMR、MS等波谱技术并结合文献数据鉴定化合物结构。结果从古钩藤茎叶甲醇提取物的醋酸乙酯部分共分离得到13个化合物,分别鉴定为异莨菪亭(1)、(+)-3-hydroxy-β-ionone(2)、(3R,6R,7E)-3-hydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-9-one(3)、ficusic acid(4)、(+)-松脂素(5)、(+)-8-羟基松脂素(6)、(+)-丁香脂素(7)、异橙黄胡椒酰胺乙酸脂(8)、loliolide(9)、(–)-蛇菰宁(10)、金圣草素(11)、9-hydroxy-10E,12Z-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester(12)和ficusesquilignan A(13)。结论所有化合物均为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

宋《普济本事方》中“剪草”考证

通过考证认为,宋《普济本事方》中“剪草”应是金粟兰科植物丝穗金粟兰[Chloranthus fortunei(A. Gray) Solms],而古代剪草还包含其同属多种近缘植物,如及己[C. serratus(Thunb.)Roem. et Schult.]等。     

Toona sinensis Roem (Meliaceae) leaf extract alleviates liver fibrosis via reducing TGFbeta1 and collagen.

Toona sinensis Roem (TS) leaf tea as a health food for the improvement of blood sugar and hypertension has been demonstrated. Thioacetamide (TAA), a hepatotoxin, causes the progression of liver fibrosis. In this study, we tested the effects of TS leaf on TAA-induced liver injury. TAA (200mg/kg Bwt/3 days, i.p.) treated rats were orally administrated with TS leaf extract (1g/kg Bwt/10 days) three times. After 30 days treatment, the morphological data showed that TS leaf extract given to TAA-treated rats had less liver fibrosis. The GOT/GPT, collagen 1 and collagen 3 mRNAs of livers in TAA-treated rats were elevated when compared to normal rats. The improvements of GOT/GPT, collagen 1 and collagen 3 mRNAs were shown in the TS leaf extract given to TAA-treated rats. TS leaf extract given to TAA-treated rats showed higher levels of cytochrome P450 (1A1, 2A and reductase) than those of TAA-treated rats. Compared to the TAA-treated group, TGFbeta1 mRNA (RT-PCR) was decreased with an increase of TGFbetaR1 protein (western blot) in the TS leaf extract given to TAA-treated rats. The decreased tendency of FGFR2 was found in the TS leaf extract given to TAA-treated rats. The result implies that TS leaf possesses beneficial effects on liver injury through increments of detoxification and the metabolic pathway.     

丝瓜根化学成分研究(Ⅰ)

目的：研究丝瓜根的化学成分。方法：丝瓜根的水煮液经大孔树脂柱层析,60％乙醇洗脱得到粗提物,用硅胶柱层析,以氯仿;氯仿－丙酮;氯仿－甲醇不同比例洗脱,分别得到11种成分。结果;经理化,TLC,光谱分析及标准品比较,确定为三萜皂苷,其中鉴定了4种成分的结构,它们分别是：齐墩果酸（L-cy-1);21β－羟基齐墩果酸（L－cy-2);3-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖－21β－羟基常春藤皂苷（L-cy-3);2α-羟基常春藤皂苷元－3－O－β－D－葡萄吡喃糖苷（L－cy-6)。结论：以上4个化合物均为首次从该植物根中分得。     

丝瓜叶的三萜皂甙，丝瓜皂甙Q

从丝瓜（Luffa cylindrica(L.)M.Roem.)叶中分得一种新的五环三萜皂苷和芹菜素，用光谱学和化学方法确定该皂苷的结构为21β－羟基齐墩果酸－28－O－β－D－吡喃葡萄糖苷，命名为丝瓜皂苷Q。     

印度红树植物Xylocarpus moluccensis种子中柠檬苦素成分研究

目的 对印度木果楝属红树植物Xylocarpus moluccensis种子中的柠檬苦素成分进行研究。方法 利用正、反相硅胶柱以及高效液相等色谱手段进行分离制备, 并利用核磁共振波谱和离子阱电喷雾质谱鉴定化合物结构。结果 从X. moluccensis种子中共分离得到18个柠檬苦素类化合物, 包括14个mexicanolides、2个gedunins、1个andirobine和1个原柠檬苦素;分别鉴定为fissinolide(1)、3-propanoylproceranolide(2)、3β-hydroxyangustidienolide(3)、3β-acetoxy-6-deoxy- swietenine(4)、febrifugin(5)、granatumin I(6)、3-de (2-methylbutanoyl)-3-propanoylcipadesin(7)、granatumin H(8)、tigloylseneganolide A(9)、ruageanin A(10)、swietemahonolide(11)、khayasin T(12)、andhraxylocarpin D(13)、granatumin D(14)、7-oxo-7-deacetoxygenunin(15)、gedunin(16)、methyl angolensate(17)、20,21,22,23-tetrahydro-23-oxoazadirone(18)。结论 化合物2为新化合物, 命名为3-propanoylproceranolide;化合物3为新天然产物。