升麻地上部分化学成分研究升麻地上部分化学成分研究

目的 为开发中药升麻(Cimicifuga foetida L.)的地上部分资源,从中寻找新的天然活性成分。方法 利用多种色谱技术进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和现代波谱技术并辅以化学方法进行结构鉴定。结果 从升麻地上部分80%乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯部分分得5个9,19-环菠萝蜜烷型三萜皂苷和1个甾醇苷。分别鉴定为:西麻苷I(1),西麻苷II(2),升麻醇半乳糖苷(3),12β-羟基升麻醇木糖苷(4),12β-羟基升麻醇阿拉伯糖苷(5),胡萝卜苷(6)。结论 1和2为新化合物,4及5为首次从该植物中分得。     

New dianthramide and cinnamic ester glucosides from the roots of Aconitum carmichaelii

Four new compounds N-salicyl-3-hydroxyanthranilic acid methyl ester (1), N-(2′-dehydroxysalicyl)-3-hydroxyanthranilic acid methyl ester (2), methyl-4-β-D-allopyranosyl-ferulate (3), and methyl-4-β-D-gulopyranosyl-cinnamate (4), along with six known compounds (5–10), were isolated from the roots of Aconitum carmichelii Debx. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data analysis, including 1D, 2D-NMR, and HR-ESI-MS. Compounds 1 and 2 showed the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production with IC₅₀ values of 9.13 and 19.94 μM, respectively.     

Four new C20-diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum rotundifolium

Four new C₂₀-diterpenoid alkaloids, rotundifosines D-G (1–4), along with eight known ones (5–12) were isolated from the whole plant of Aconitum rotundifolium Kar. & Kir. The structures of the compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, including HR-ESI-MS and 1D, 2D NMR. Rotundifosine F (3) is a rare C₂₀-diterpenoid alkaloid with quaternary ammonium salt. Alkaloids 1–4, 5, 6, 9, and 12 were evaluated for cytotoxicity against MCF-7, HCT-116 and HepG2 human cancer cell lines.     

重庆大娄山脉毛茛科珍贵药用植物及民间验方

本文介绍在第四次全国中药资源普查中对重庆大娄山脉的调查,从民间收集珍贵的中草药传统使用经验及知识。通过访问并采集相关的植物标本,整理出8种毛茛科珍贵草药——金山铜骨七、金山拐枣七、金山绿升麻、金山拐子药、金山鸡爪连、溪边飞蛾七、金山岩乌头、雪上一枝蒿,并对其基源植物、凭证标本、采集加工、单验方进行梳理。     

Chromone and flavonol glycosides from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Delphinium hybridum</Emphasis> cv. “Belladonna Casablanca”

One new chromone and six known flavonol glycosides were isolated from the stems and leaves of Delphinium hybridum cv. “Belladonna Casablanca” (Ranunculaceae). The new chromone glycoside was elucidated as 2-methyl-chromone-5,7-diol 7-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-d-glucopyranoside (1). The six known flavonol glycosides were designated as compounds 2–5, being kaempferol-type glycosides, and compounds 6 and 7, being quercetin-type glycosides. The structures of these glycosides were determined by two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D NMR) spectroscopic analysis and chemical evidence.     

兴安升麻的化学成分研究

目的：对兴安升麻（Cimicifuga dahurica根茎的化学成分进行分离、鉴定。方法：采用不同的层析技术进行分离，用IR，MS，^1HNMR,^13CNMR和2DNMR等波谱技术确定化合物的结构。结果：分离鉴定了10个化合物：升麻醇（1），24－表－7，8－去氢升麻醇3－O－β-D－吡喃木糖苷（Ⅱ），7，8－去氢升麻醇3－O－β-D－吡喃木糖苷（Ⅲ），25－O－乙酰基－7，8－去氢升麻醇3－O－β-D－吡喃木糖苷（Ⅳ），3－aradinosyl-24-O-acetylhydroshengmanol 15-glucoside (Ⅴ）；异阿魏酸（Ⅵ），（E）－3－（3‘-甲基－2‘－亚丁烯基）－2－吲哚酮（Ⅶ）、蔗糖（Ⅷ），β－谷甾醇（Ⅸ）和豆甾醇葡萄糖苷（Ⅹ）。结论：化合物Ⅱ，Ⅲ，Ⅳ和Ⅹ为首次从兴安升麻中分离得到。     

Diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum racemulosum Franch var. pengzhouense

A new diterpenoid alkaloid, racemulotine (1), was isolated from the whole plants of Aconitum racemulosum Franch var. pengzhouense, and its structure was elucidated by 1D-and 2D-NMR spectra.     

A new cycloartane saponin from Cimicifuga acerina

A new cycloartane saponin along with two known compounds, cimigenol and cimigenol 3-O-β-D-xyloside, was isolated from the rhizomes of Cimicifuga acerina (Sieb. et Zucc.) Tanaka (Ranunculaceae). The structure of the new compound was elucidated as 3'-O-acetyl cimigenol 3-O-β-D-xyloside on the basis of chemical and spectral evidence.     

Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthesis by Cimicifuga racemosa (Actaea racemosa,black cohosh) extracts in LPS‐stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages

Objectives Cimicifuga racemosa (Actaea racemosa, black cohosh) is used as an anti‐inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic remedy in traditional medicines. The present study focuses on the effects of C. racemosa root extracts on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated murine macrophages (RAW 264.7). Methods C. racemosa rhizome and phosphate‐buffered saline extracts were analysed for phenolcarboxylic acids and triterpene glycosides using an HPLC photodiode array/evaporative light‐scattering detector system. iNOS was characterised by measurement of iNOS protein (immunoblotting), iNOS mRNA (semiquantitative competitive RT‐PCR), nitric oxide production (nitrite levels) and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor‐kB (p65 subunit) protein. Key findings Incubation of lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated macrophages with aqueous C. racemosa extracts (0–6 mg/ml) inhibited nitrite accumulation in a concentration‐dependent manner. C. racemosa extracts also reduced iNOS protein expression and iNOS mRNA levels in a dose‐dependent manner. C. racemosa extracts did not significantly inhibit iNOS activity and did not affect nuclear translocation of nuclear factor‐kB (p65 subunit) protein. Incubation with the extract was associated with a concentration‐dependent reduction of interferon beta and interferon regulatory factor 1 mRNA. Among the triterpene glycosides, 23‐epi‐26‐deoxyactein was identified as an active principle in C. racemosa extracts. Conclusions Extracts from the roots of C. racemosa inhibit nitric oxide production by reducing iNOS expression without affecting activity of the enzyme. This might contribute to the anti‐inflammatory activities of C. racemosa.