Sequence of Echinochloa hoja blanca tenuivirus RNA-5

The sequence is presented of RNA-5 of Echinochloa hoja blanca tenuivirus, a second tenuivirus associated with rice cultivation in Latin America (after rice hoja blanca virus). The RNA is 1334 nucleotides long and contains in the complementary sense RNA a single long open reading frame. The deduced amino acid sequence of this open reading frame shows that it encodes a highly basic and hydrophilic 44 kD protein (pc5) with about 50% similarity to the pc5 protein of maize stripe virus (MStV). This and other features of the RNA are discussed.The GenBank accession number of the sequence reported in this paper is L47430.     

转录组学在药用植物研究中的应用

药用植物转录组学研究已经成为药用植物基因组研究中最活跃的领域之一.以转录组学的产生、发展和研究方法为基础,介绍了药用植物中转录组学的应用现状,重点介绍了转录组学当前采用的技术手段以及在西洋参、丹参、乌拉尔甘草功能基因组学中的研究进展.同时对转录组学在药用植物中的发展前景进行了讨论.     

Can we increase the speed and efficacy of antidepressant treatments? Part II. Glutamatergic and RNA interference strategies

In the second part we focus on two treatment strategies that may overcome the main limitations of current antidepressant drugs. First, we review the experimental and clinical evidence supporting the use of glutamatergic drugs as fast-acting antidepressants. Secondly, we review the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) and the use of small RNAs (e.g.., small interfering RNAs or siRNAs) to knockdown genes in monoaminergic and non-monoaminergic neurons and induce antidepressant-like responses in experimental animals.The development of glutamatergic agents is a promising venue for antidepressant drug development, given the antidepressant properties of the non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine. Its unique properties appear to result from the activation of AMPA receptors by a metabolite [(2 S,6 S;2 R,6 R)-hydroxynorketamine (HNK)] and mTOR signaling. These effects increase synaptogenesis in prefrontal cortical pyramidal neurons and enhance serotonergic neurotransmission via descending inputs to the raphe nuclei. This view is supported by the cancellation of ketamine's antidepressant-like effects by inhibition of serotonin synthesis.We also review existing evidence supporting the involvement of miRNAs in MDD and the preclinical use of RNA interference (RNAi) strategies to target genes involved in antidepressant response. Many miRNAs have been associated to MDD, some of which e.g., miR-135 targets genes involved in antidepressant actions. Likewise, SSRI-conjugated siRNA evokes faster and/or more effective antidepressant-like responses. Intranasal application of sertraline-conjugated siRNAs directed to 5-HT_1A receptors and SERT evoked much faster changes of pre- and postsynaptic antidepressant markers than those produced by fluoxetine.     

MiR-141在膀胱癌组织中的表达及与肿瘤分级的相关性研究

目的：探究微小RNA(micro RNA, MiR)-141在膀胱癌组织中的表达及与肿瘤分级的相关性。方法：选取2012年3月—2014年3月于南通大学附属医院确诊的80例膀胱癌患者的癌组织及癌旁正常组织,采用实时聚合酶链式反应(real time-polymerase chain reaction, RT-PCR)法检测膀胱癌组织及癌旁正常组织中MiR-141 mRNA相对表达量,分析MiR-141表达与膀胱癌患者临床病理特征及预后的相关性。结果：MiR-141 mRNA在膀胱癌组织相对表达量显著高于癌旁正常组织(P<0.05);不同性别、年龄的膀胱癌患者癌组织中MiR-141 mRNA相对表达量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);肿瘤的不同分级、分期、肌层有无浸润、有无远处转移等,其癌组织中MiR-141 mRNA相对表达量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);肿瘤分级、肿瘤分期、转移与否、组织中MiR-141表达量与膀胱癌患者5年生存率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);肿瘤分级、肿瘤分期、转移与否、MiR-141表达水平是影响膀胱癌患者预后的独立危险因素(P<0.05);MiR-141低表达患者总生存率(overall survival, OS)、无进展生存率(progression free survival, PFS)显著高于MiR-141高表达患者(P<0.05)。结论：MiR-141在膀胱癌组织中呈高表达;MiR-141表达水平与膀胱癌患者肿瘤分级、肿瘤分期、是否转移及预后情况具有相关性,可为膀胱癌患者早期诊疗及预后评估提供参考依据。     

微小RNA-454、微小RNA-132、液泡膜-ATP酶表达与结肠癌临床病理特征关联性分析

目的 探讨组织微小RNA(miR)-454、miR-132、液泡膜-ATP酶（V-ATPase）表达与结肠癌病人临床病理特征关联性。方法 选取2011年9月至2014年11月新乡医学院第一附属医院行手术切除的96例结肠癌组织标本、96例癌旁正常结肠组织标本、82例良性结肠病变标本为研究对象。以实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）测定标本中miR-454、miR-132、V-ATPase mRNA表达,分析miR-454、miR-132、V-ATPase mRNA表达与结肠癌病人一般资料、临床病理参数的关系,随访5年,统计miR-454、miR-132、V-ATPase高表达、低表达病人3年、5年生存率。结果 结肠癌组织标本中miR-454表达69.86±7.29与V-ATPase mRNA表达5.42±0.41高于良性结肠病变组织10.74±2.03、2.79±0.38、癌旁正常结肠组织标本1.28±0.74、1.96±0.32,miR-132水平表达1.46±0.25低于良性结肠病变组织3.68±0.73、癌旁正常结肠组织标本4.59±1.24(P<0.05);中低...     

miRNA-9过表达对Aβ损伤的PC12细胞的保护作用

目的:探讨micro RNA-9(mi R-9)过表达对β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)损伤的PC12细胞及B淋巴细胞瘤-2(Bcl-2)、Bcl-2相关x蛋白(Bax)表达的影响。方法:PC12细胞分为mi R-9过表达组(E组)、空转染对照组(NC组)、不转染的损伤细胞模型组(NT组),采用CCK-8法检测细胞增殖;采用Annexin-V-PE检测细胞凋亡;采用RT-q PCR检测Bcl-2、Bax m RNA的表达,Western-Blot检测Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达。结果:与NC组及NT组比较,E组的PC12细胞转染48 h后增殖增加,凋亡率降低,Bcl-2表达增加,Bax表达下降(P0.05)。结论:mi R-9过表达可保护Aβ损伤的PC12细胞。     

Using high throughput sequencing to explore the biodiversity in oral bacterial communities

High throughput sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicons is a cost-effective method for characterization of oral bacterial communities. However, before undertaking large-scale studies, it is necessary to understand the technique-associated limitations and intrinsic variability of the oral ecosystem. In this work we evaluated bias in species representation using an in vitro-assembled mock community of oral bacteria. We then characterized the bacterial communities in saliva and buccal mucosa of five healthy subjects to investigate the power of high throughput sequencing in revealing their diversity and biogeography patterns. Mock community analysis showed primer and DNA isolation biases and an overestimation of diversity that was reduced after eliminating singleton operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Sequencing of salivary and mucosal communities found a total of 455 OTUs (0.3% dissimilarity) with only 78 of these present in all subjects. We demonstrate that this variability was partly the result of incomplete richness coverage even at great sequencing depths, and so comparing communities by their structure was more effective than comparisons based solely on membership. With respect to oral biogeography, we found inter-subject variability in community structure was lower than site differences between salivary and mucosal communities within subjects. These differences were evident at very low sequencing depths and were mostly caused by the abundance of Streptococcus mitis and Gemella haemolysans in mucosa. In summary, we present an experimental and data analysis framework that will facilitate design and interpretation of pyrosequencing-based studies. Despite challenges associated with this technique, we demonstrate its power for evaluation of oral diversity and biogeography patterns.     

非酒精性脂肪性肝病合并2型糖尿病患者外周血miR-17、miR-20a和miR-20b变化及其临床意义*

目的 探讨非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)合并2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者外周血miR-17、miR-20a和miR-20b变化及其临床意义。方法 2018年12月～2020年6月我院收治的T2DM患者46例和NAFLD合并T2DM患者50例(轻度19例、中度17例和重度14例)。采用实时荧光定量RT-PCR法检测血清miR-17、miR-20a和miR-20b mRNA水平。采用多因素Logistic回归分析NAFLD合并T2DM发生的独立危险因素,应用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)下面积(AUC)分析各指标诊断严重NAFLD的效能。结果 NAFLD合并T2DM患者外周血miR-17、miR-20a和miR-20b mRNA水平分别为(5.6±1.3)、(3.8±0.9)和(1.8±0.5),显著高于T2DM患者【分别为(4.4±1.1)、(3.1±0.6)和(1.4±0.4),P<0.05】;重度NAFLD组血清miR-17、miR-20a和miR-20b mRNA水平分别为(6.0±1.1)、(4.0±0.8)和(1.9±0.5),显著高于中度患者【分别为(4.4±1.0)、(3.4±0.6)和(1.5±0.4),P<0.05】或轻度患者【分别为(4.1±0.6)、(2.8±0.8)和(1.2±0.3),P<0.05】;多因素Logistic回归分析显示,BMI、血清LDL-C、miR-17、miR-20a和miR-20b是NAFLD合并T2DM发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05);ROC分析结果显示,血清miR-17、miR-20a和miR-20b诊断严重NAFLD的AUC分别为0.75、0.74和0.70。结论 NAFLD合并T2DM患者外周血miR-17、miR-20a和miR-20b水平显著升高,可能参与了NAFLD的发病过程,对判断NAFLD的严重程度具有一定的意义。     

LncRNA MIAT靶向miR-206促进食管鳞状细胞癌细胞的增殖、凋亡、迁移和侵袭的作用研究

目的 探讨长链非编码RNA(LncRNA)MIAT靶向微小RNA(miR)-206促进食管鳞状细胞癌细胞的增殖、凋亡、迁移和侵袭的作用。方法 将食管鳞状细胞癌(ESCC)细胞分为ctrl组(正常培养的ESCC细胞)、si-NC组、si-MIAT组、si-MIAT+miR-NC组和si-MIAT+miR-206 inhibitor组。实时qRT-PCR检测各组细胞MIAT、miR-206表达;CCK-8法检测细胞增殖情况;划痕实验检测细胞迁移能力;流式细胞术分析细胞凋亡情况;蛋白质印迹技术检测PCNA、MMP-9蛋白表达;双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证MIAT和miR-206的关系。结果 与ctrl组、si-NC组比较,si-MIAT组ESCC细胞中miR-206表达、细胞凋亡率升高,MIAT、OD₄₅₀值(24、48、72 h)、划痕愈合率、PCNA和MMP9蛋白表达降低(P<0.05);干扰LncRNA MIAT表达能降低ESCC细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭能力,提高细胞凋亡能力,MIAT靶向调控miR-206表达。结论 干扰LncRNA MIAT表达能够阻滞ESCC...     

lncRNA HOXA11-AS对膀胱尿路上皮癌细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭的影响及其机制研究

目的:研究lncRNA HOXA11-反义RNA(HOXA11-AS)对膀胱尿路上皮癌J82细胞增殖、侵袭迁移的影响及与微小RNA-515-5p(miR-515-5p)之间的调控关系.方法:qRT-PCR检测膀胱尿路上皮癌组织、癌旁组织和J82细胞中HOXA11-AS和miR-515-5p的转录水平,MTT法和Tran...