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排序方式: 共有909条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Ragnhild B. Wijma Marloes Emous Merel van den Broek Anke Laskewitz Anneke C. Muller Kobold André P. van Beek 《Surgery for obesity and related diseases》2019,15(1):73-81
Background
Early dumping is a poorly defined and incompletely understood complication after Roux-en-Y gastric (RYGB).Objective
We performed a mixed-meal tolerance test in patients after RYGB to address the prevalence of early dumping and to gain further insight into its pathophysiology.Setting
The study was conducted in a regional hospital in the northern part of the Netherlands.Methods
From a random sample of patients who underwent primary RYGB between 2008 and 2011, 46 patients completed the mixed-meal tolerance test. The dumping severity score for early dumping was assessed every 30 minutes. A sum score at 30 or 60 minutes of ≥5 and an incremental score of ≥3 points were defined as indicating a high suspicion of early dumping. Blood samples were collected at baseline, every 10 minutes during the first half hour, and at 60 minutes after the start.Results
The prevalence of a high suspicion of early dumping was 26%. No differences were seen for absolute hematocrit value, inactive glucagon-like peptide-1, and vasoactive intestinal peptide between patients with or without early dumping. Patients at high suspicion of early dumping had higher levels of active glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY.Conclusion
The prevalence of complaints at high suspicion of early dumping in a random population of patients after RYGB is 26% in response to a mixed-meal tolerance test. Postprandial increases in both glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY are associated with symptoms of early dumping, suggesting gut L-cell overactivity in this syndrome. 相似文献4.
慢传输性便秘结肠阿片受体的病理生理改变 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
目的探讨慢传输性便秘(STC)的发病机制和病理生理改变。方法应用放射配体结合分析法,检测患者结肠mu、kappa阿片受体,观察其含量变化。结果STC患者结肠mu阿片受体的最大结合数(Bmax)和解离常数(KD)比正常对照组明显增加(Bmax400.950比96.304pmol,KD431.314比179.839pmol);kappa阿片受体含量检测亦有类似结果(Bmax:375.073比45.264pmol,KD485.407比141.016pmol)。结论STC患者阿片受体含量增加,内源性阿片肽活性增加。提示采用阿片受体拮抗剂可能是治疗STC的一个新途径。 相似文献
5.
Dan Greitz 《Child's nervous system》2007,23(5):487-489
Objective This study aims to question the generally accepted cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) bulk flow theory suggesting that the CSF is exclusively
absorbed by the arachnoid villi and that the cause of hydrocephalus is a CSF absorption deficit. In addition, this study aims
to briefly describe the new hydrodynamic concept of hydrocephalus and the rationale for endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV)
in communicating hydrocephalus.
Critique The bulk flow theory has proven incapable of explaining the pivotal mechanisms behind communicating hydrocephalus. Thus, the
theory is unable to explain why the ventricles enlarge, why the CSF pressure remains normal and why some patients improve
after ETV.
Hydrodynamic concept of hydrocephalus Communicating hydrocephalus is caused by decreased intracranial compliance increasing the systolic pressure transmission into
the brain parenchyma. The increased systolic pressure in the brain distends the brain towards the skull and simultaneously
compresses the periventricular region of the brain against the ventricles. The final result is the predominant enlargement
of the ventricles and narrowing of the subarachnoid space. The ETV reduces the increased systolic pressure in the brain simply
by venting ventricular CSF through the stoma. The patent aqueduct in communicating hydrocephalus is too narrow to vent the
CSF sufficiently. 相似文献
6.
Experimental studies demonstrated a severe cardiac load of the CO2 pneumoperitoneum caused by an accelerated after- and a decreased preload. Patients displaying cardiovascular risks are therefore
often rejected from laparoscopic surgery. Hence, the pathophysiological changes and the intraoperative risk of the CO2 pneumoperitoneum in high-risk cardiopulmonary patients (NYHA II–III, n= 15) undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy are described. The changes in cardiac after- and preload seem to be due to the
elevated intraabdominal pressure rather than transperitoneally resorbed CO2 and are reversible by desufflation. In one patient conversion to open operation had to be performed because of a severe drop
in cardiac output and right ventricle ejection fraction. Mixed oxygen saturation was predicting intraoperative worsening in
this case. The described pathophysiological changes may seem to be well tolerated even in high-risk cardiac patients. Monitoring
of hemodynamics should include an arterial catheter line and blood gas analyses. Pharmacologic interventions or pressureless
laparoscopic procedures might not be necessary as long as laparoscopic cholecystectomy is performed.
Received: 13 December 1996/Accepted: 8 January 1997 相似文献
7.
Management of abdominal sepsis 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
D. Berger K. Buttenschoen 《Langenbeck's archives of surgery / Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie》1998,383(1):35-43
Introduction: Today the management of the different forms of peritonitis is generally standardised. The classification of primary and secondary
peritonitis is well accepted. From a pathophysiological point of view, postoperative and post-traumatic peritonitis should
be considered as independent entities. The bacteriological isolates from the inflamed peritoneal cavity do not correlate with
the clinical course, and the occurrence of enterococci and bacteroides may be slightly related to ongoing infectious complications.
Classification: Valuable scoring systems mainly rely on systemic signs of the septic disease and seem to better differentiate the prognosis
of the disease than more surgically oriented scores do. Although the scoring systems did not allow any clinical decision,
they should be used to help better compare patients treated in different institutions. The observation of the minor relevance
of bacteriology and the superiority of general sepsis scores agrees with the fact that pre-existing septic organ dysfunction
and pre-existing comorbidity are the main determinants of mortality. Treatment: Surgical therapy focuses on the control of the source of infection because it has been clearly shown that, without resolving
the source of infection, the prognosis remains poor. Adjuvant surgical measures aim at the further reduction of the bacterial
load in the peritoneal cavity. Planned relaparotomy, relaparotomy on demand, and continuous closed peritoneal lavage are used.
Results: Clinical results proved these methods to be equally effective although pathophysiological considerations favour closed peritoneal
lavage. Conclusion: Summarising the available data, we need a more sophisticated understanding of the pathophysiology of the peritonitis, and
well-designed clinical studies are necessary to define the optimal surgical treatment modalities.
Received: 27 November 1997 相似文献
8.
中国病理生理杂志第6—10卷论著的引文分析与比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
林影 《中国病理生理杂志》1995,11(6):562-566
中国病理生理杂志于1985年创刊,是目前国内唯一的病理生理学科高级学术刊物。本文对该刊第6-10卷所发表的论著做出版周期和引文分析。 相似文献
9.
目的 评价病例教学联合思维导图在病理生理学教学中的应用效果,为提高病理生理学教学质量提供依据。方法 选取首都医科大学燕京医学院2017级本科生124名学生作为研究对象,分为试验组60人和对照组64人。其中,对照组采用传统教学,试验组采用课上病例教学联合课后思维导图的教学方式。课程结束后通过云班课平时成绩和试卷成绩对教学效果进行评价。采用SPSS 17.0进行Wilcoxon秩和检验和Welch’s correction t检验。结果 试验组学习的积极性得到了有效的调动(P<0.001)、知识的理解力也优于对照组(P=0.020)。试验组的平均理论成绩优于对照组(P=0.036),主要表现为客观题成绩高于对照组(P<0.001)及简答和论述题成绩高于对照组(P=0.006),名词解释成绩差异无统计学意义(P=0.302)。结论 病例教学联合思维导图可显著提高病理生理学的教学质量。 相似文献
10.
环氧合酶与胃肠道病理生理@孟德胜$第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所药剂科!重庆400042
@吕金胜$第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所药剂科!重庆400042
@汪仕良$第三军医大学西南医院烧伤研究所!重庆400038前列腺素内过氧化物合酶;;胃肠系统;;病理生理学~~ 相似文献