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1.
Toxicity resulting from off-target effects, beyond acetylcholine esterase inhibition, for the commonly used organophosphate (OP) insecticides chlorpyrifos (CPS) and malathion (MA) was investigated using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Caenorhabditis elegans model systems. Mitochondrial damage and dysfunction were observed in yeast following exposure to CPS and MA, suggesting this organelle is a major target. In the C. elegans model, the mitochondrial unfolded protein response pathway showed the most robust induction from CPS and MA treatment among stress responses examined. GABAergic neurodegeneration was observed with CPS and MA exposure. Impaired movement observed in C. elegans exposed to CPS and MA may be the result of motor neuron damage. Our analysis suggests that stress from CPS and MA results in mitochondrial dysfunction, with GABAergic neurons sensitized to these effects. These findings may aid in the understanding of toxicity from CPS and MA from high concentration exposure leading to insecticide poisoning. 相似文献
2.
《Annals of hepatology》2019,18(3):514-516
Gyromitra esculenta, also known as “false morel” is one of the most poisonous mushrooms. This species is found all over the world, growing in coniferous forest in early spring time. Common manifestation of poisoning includes gastrointestinal symptoms which include varied degrees of liver impairment.We describe three cases: acute liver injury, acute liver failure and acute-on-chronic liver failure due to G. esculenta poisoning. At admission patients presented with encephalopathy and features of liver failure. Two of them recovered completely following supportive management while the remaining patient who also had preexisting liver disease developed multiorgan failure and subsequently died.Although a rare occurrence, G. esculenta poisoning should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute liver failure. 相似文献
3.
急性一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病的临床表现和影像学特点 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的探讨急性一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病的临床表现和影像学特点及其诊断价值。方法回顾性对23例急性一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病的临床表现和影像学特点进行归纳和分析。结果23例患者中智能障碍23例(100%),言语功能障碍17例(73.9%),另有共济失调精神障碍帕金森综合症及尿失禁等。头部CT和MRI主要表现为皮层下脑白质异常信号及基底节区或苍白球区异常信号,极少累及大脑皮质脑干和小脑。结论急性一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病的诊断主要依靠病史和临床症状,MRI比CT更有诊断价值。 相似文献
4.
[目的]针对食物中毒事件追查源头的困难局面,探索1种新的食物中毒追查方法。[方法]通过分析各种常见类型食物中毒的潜伏期,结合各种实际情况,探讨存样食物保存的时间和方法。[结果]存样食物至少要保存24h。[结论]这种存样待检方法有其先进性,但仍存在不少问题,需进一步改进。 相似文献
5.
6.
目的:探讨气管切开与呼吸机机械通气抢救重度有机磷农药中毒(AOPP)致呼吸肌麻痹的疗效。方法:对6例重度AOPP致呼吸肌麻痹患者在综合治疗基础上,及时予气管切开,并使用全能呼吸机机械通气。结果:治愈5例,死亡1例。抢救成功率达83.3%。结论:对重度AOPP患者及时行气管切开,并使用全能呼吸机机械通气,抢救效果良好。 相似文献
7.
G. Lallement Didier Clarençon Catherine Masqueliez Dominique Baubichon Monique Galonnier Marie-France Burckhart Michel Peoc’h Jean Claude Mestries 《Archives of toxicology》1997,72(2):84-92
Organophosphorus nerve agents are still in use today in warfare and as terrorism compounds. Classical emergency treatment
of organophosphate poisoning includes the combined administration of a cholinesterase reactivator (an oxime), a muscarinic
cholinergic receptor antagonist (atropine) and a benzodiazepine anticonvulsant (diazepam). However, recent experiments with
primates have demonstrated that such treatment, even when administered immediately after organophosphate exposure, does not
rapidly restore normal electroencephalographic (EEG) activity and fails to totally prevent neuronal brain damage. The objective
of this study was to evaluate, in a realistic setting, the therapeutic benefit of administration of GK-11 (gacyclidine), an
antiglutamatergic compound, as a complement to the available emergency therapy against organophosphate poisoning. GK-11 was
injected at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg (i.v) after a 45-min latency period to heavily intoxicated (8 LD50) primates. Just after intoxication, man-equivalent doses of one autoinjector containing atropine/pralidoxime/diazepam were
administered. The effects of GK-11 were examined on survival, EEG activity, signs of toxicity, recovery after challenge and
central nervous system histology. The present data demonstrate that treatment with GK-11 prevents the mortality observed after
early administration of classical emergency medication alone. EEG recordings and clinical observations also revealed that
GK-11 prevented soman-induced seizures and motor convulsions. EEG analysis within the classical frequency bands (beta, theta,
alpha, delta) demonstrated that central activity was totally restored to normal after GK-11 treatment, but remained profoundly
altered in animals receiving atropine/pralidoxime/diazepam alone. GK-11 also markedly accelerated clinical recovery of soman-challenged
primates. Lastly, this drug totally prevented the neuropathology observed 3 weeks after soman exposure in animals treated
with classical emergency treatment alone. GK-11 represents a promising adjuvant therapy to the currently available emergency
polymedication to ensure optimal management of organophosphate poisoning in man. This drug is presently being evaluated in
a human clinical trial for a different neuroprotective indication.
Received: 16 June 1997 / Accepted: 23 September 1997 相似文献
8.
铅性肾病的流行病学分析 总被引:20,自引:11,他引:9
我们检查了铅接触人员1023名,发现铅性肾病84例,患病率8.2%。女性34例(7.2%),男性50例(9%),男女铅性肾病患病率无显著性差异。印刷厂空气铅浓度平均0.0069mg/m3,蓄电池厂为0.1005mg/m3,铅矿为0.5mg/m3。铅性肾病患病率分别为4.73%,8.3%和28.57%(P<0.005)。分析铅性肾病患病率与年龄和铅接触年限的关系。年龄小于30岁,~40岁,~50岁和大于50岁者,铅性肾病患病率分别为5.5%,8.6%,12.1%,和15.6%(P<0.05)。铅接触年限小于10年,~20年和大于20年者,铅性肾病患病率分别为6.6%,9.9%和13.1%(P<0.05)。 相似文献
9.
一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病的临床预防 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目的 探讨临床治疗措施对一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病的预防。方法 将 130例一氧化碳中毒患者随机分为A、B、C 3组 ,A组采用纳络酮、低分子肝素、高压氧治疗 ;B组采用胞二磷胆碱、醒脑注射液、高压氧治疗 ;C组采用胞二磷胆碱、醒脑注射液治疗。结果 A组昏迷时间与B、C组对比 ,B组与C组对比 ,明显缩短 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ;本组 130例患者中 ,共发生迟发性脑病15例 ,发生率为 11.5 % ,迟发性脑病发生率A组与B、C组对比 ,B组与C组对比 ,明显降低 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1)。结论 选择有效的药物 ,及早应用高压氧和充足的疗程是迟发性脑病临床预防的关键。 相似文献
10.
目的 对长期慢性接触苯及同系物患者进行职业病诊断.方法 依据卫生部《职业健康监护管理办法》中的《职业健康检查项目及周期》中的要求,对患者进行职业健康检查,依据GBZ68-2002《职业性苯中毒诊断标准》的有关规定对患者进行复查.结果 该患者在3个月内每1~2周复查1次全血,白细胞计数持续低于4×109/L并常有头晕、头痛、乏力、失眠、记忆力减退等症状,依据GBZ68-2002《职业性苯中毒诊断标准》诊断为职业性慢性轻度苯中毒.结论 长期慢性接触苯可引起造血系统损害. 相似文献