昆明滇紫草质量标准初步研究

较为系统的研究了昆明滇紫草的质量标准,并对药材名称、植物来源、药材性状、显微鉴别、检查及浸出物等质量标准项目进行了全面研究和归纳,为昆明滇紫草的质量标准研究提供参考依据。     

A petrol ether extract of the roots of Onosma paniculatum induces cell death in a caspase dependent manner

Aim of the study

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has become very popular in Western countries during the last years. Zicao, a remedy of TCM, has been traditionally used to treat cancer, and, its main constituents, naphthoquinones, have been reported to possess antitumor activity (4 and 20). Here, we prepared extracts of different polarities of Onosma paniculatum Bur. & Franch., a plant which is amongst others used as Zicao, but, much less investigated. The extracts were analyzed concerning their growth inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing activity in various tumor cells.

Materials and methods

Cell viability was measured by XTT viability and a growth inhibition assay. Effects on the cell cycle and caspase-3 were determined by flow cytometry.

Results

From three different extracts, a petrol ether extract showed significant growth inhibitory effect, cell cycle influence and caspase-3 dependent induction of apoptosis which was time and dose dependent.

Conclusion

To further determine the activity and mechanism of action of the petrol ether extract, we would like to isolate and identify the active principle and investigate the effects in more detail.     

多指标成分定量结合指纹图谱分析评价不同来源藏紫草的质量

高效液相色谱法-二极管阵列检测器(HPLC-DAD)同时测定藏紫草中紫草素、乙酰紫草素、β,β'-二甲基丙烯酰紫草素的含量,结合藏紫草的HPLC指纹图谱研究,对西藏地区不同来源的藏紫草药材的质量进行初步比较和评价。采用Agilent ZORBAX SB-C₁₈ (4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以乙腈-水为流动相梯度洗脱,流速0.8 mL·min^-1,柱温30℃,检测波长516 nm。利用化学计量法对色谱数据进行相似度比较和聚类分析。测定了7批不同来源藏紫草药材,发现7批药材中3种萘醌类成分的含量差异巨大。指纹图谱相似度比较显示5,6,7号样品间相似度大于0.99,2,3号样品间相似度大于0.97,3,4号样品相似度大于0.90,其余相似度均不超过0.8,7批样品可分为4类,与3种萘醌类成分的含量测定结果基本一致。说明市场上藏紫草药材来源混杂,质量参差不齐。该方法重复性好,可以为不同来源藏紫草药材的质量控制和评价提供依据。     

几种国产药用紫草中萘醌色素的分析

从新疆软紫草石油醚提取物中分离出六个化合物。根据其理化常数、光谱数据(MS,IR,¹HNMR)鉴定为去氧紫草素(deoxyshikonin),β,β-二甲基丙烯酰阿卡宁(β,β-dimethylacryalkannin),乙酰紫草素(acetylshikonin),β-乙酰氧基异戊酰阿卡宁(β-acetoxyisovalerylalkannin),紫草素(shikonin),β-羟基异戊酰阿卡宁(β-hydroxyisovalerylalkannin)。用高效薄层层析扫描方法,分析了我国不同种类、不同产地的紫草根,均含萘醌类色素,但种间含量差异甚大。     

HPLC测定滇紫草及其两个近缘种中乙酰紫草素的含量

目的建立滇紫草、密花滇紫草和昆明滇紫草中乙酰紫草素的含量测定方法。方法采用HPLC法测定滇紫草、密花滇紫草和昆明滇紫草中乙酰紫草素的含量。结果乙酰紫草素在0.0952~1.9030μg范围内呈良好的线性关系。精密度、稳定性、重复性和加样回收率均达到要求。结论该方法简便、准确、重现性好,可用于滇紫草及其两个近缘种中乙酰紫草素含量的测定。     

Cytotoxicity in vitro of naphthazarin derivatives from Onosma arenaria

The cytotoxicity of naphthazarin derivatives isolated from the roots of Onosma arenaria on human cervix adenocarcinoma cells (HeLa) and leukaemia K562 cells, as well on non-malignant peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was studied. The results show that beta-hydroxyisovalerylalkannin, acetylalkannin and the pigment fraction exhibited high cytotoxicity in vitro against the tested cell lines, as well the healthy PBMC before or after activation with phytohaemagglutinin.     

Shikonin Derivatives from Onsoma visianii Decrease Expression of Phosphorylated STAT3 in Leukemia Cells and Exert Antitumor Activity

Antitumor effects of shikonins on chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (B-PLL) are mostly unexplored. The antitumor activity of shikonins, isolated from Onosma visianii Clem (Boraginaceae), in BCL1, mouse CLL cells and JVM-13, human B-PLL cells was explored in this study. The cytotoxicity of shikonin derivatives was measured by an MTT test. Cell death, proliferation, cell cycle, and expression of molecules that control these processes were analyzed by flow cytometry. Expression of STAT3-regulated genes was analyzed by real-time q-RT-PCR (Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction). The antitumor effects of shikonin derivatives in vivo were analyzed, using flow cytometry, by detection of leukemia cells in the peripheral blood and spleens of mice intravenously injected with BCL1 cells. The two most potent derivatives, isobutyrylshikonin (IBS) and α-methylbutyrylshikonin (MBS), induced cell cycle disturbances and apoptosis, inhibited proliferation, and decreased expression of phospho-STAT3 and downstream-regulated molecules in BCL1 and JVM-13 cells. IBS and MBS decreased the percentage of leukemia cells in vivo. The link between the decrease in phosphorylated STAT3 by MBS and IBS and BCL1 cell death was confirmed by detection of enhanced cell death after addition of AG490, an inhibitor of Jak2 kinase. It seems that IBS and MBS, by decreasing STAT3 phosphorylation, trigger apoptosis, inhibit cell proliferation, and attenuate leukemia cell stemness.     

昆明滇紫草的生药学研究

目的研究昆明滇紫草的生药鉴定特征。方法应用来源、性状、显微及理化鉴别方法。结果昆明滇紫草为紫草科滇紫草属植物昆明滇紫草的干燥根,详细描述了其生药鉴别特征;薄层鉴别表明昆明滇紫草含有β,β′-二甲基丙烯酰阿卡宁和乙酰紫草素。结论研究结果为该药的鉴别、开发利用及质量标准的制订提供了实验依据。     

药用紫草的研究进展

对药用紫草的研究状况，包括自然资源状况、有效成分的分离和提纯、紫草素及其衍生物的生物合成途径、药理研究现状以及植物细胞工程运用于紫草的研究进展进行综述，并对药用紫草今后研究发展的方向作了展望。     

2种藏紫草体外抗氧化及抗菌活性比较

目的 比较长花滇紫草和团花滇紫草75%乙醇提取物的体外抗氧化及抗菌活性。方法 采用ABTS法、FRAP法、邻苯三酚自氧化法测定体外抗氧化能力，并采用肉汤连续稀释法初步考察了2种藏紫草体提取物体外对15种不同菌株的抗菌作用。结果 不同浓度藏紫草的75%乙醇提取物对ABTS自由基和超氧阴离子都有较强的清除能力，与BHT阳性药相当或略高于BHT；总还原力随取物浓度增加而增强；2种藏紫草的提取物对革兰阳性菌有一定的抗菌活性，但对肠杆菌科菌株及铜绿假单胞菌均未见抗菌作用。结论 2种来源的藏紫草均具有一定的体外抗氧化和抗菌作用。