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1.
96名镍作业工人测定结果:非特异酯酶阳性细胞百分率(ANAE+%)为76.8%±8.0%,T细胞亚群CD2、CD4、CD8阳性细胞百分率(CD+2%、CD+4%、CD+8%)及CD+4/CD+8比值分别为65.6%±10.5%、56.3%±12.1%、34.3%±8.2%和1.76±0.6;酵母多糖刺激的外周血多形核白细胞化学发光(PMN-CL)本底和峰值分别为48±23和3073±684CPS/106PMN;血清硒和丙二醛含量分别为1.22±0.23和4.76±0.88μmol/L。与非镍作业的地区对照组比较,T细胞CD+8%增高,CD+4/CD+8比值下降,化学发光的本底值降低,峰值增加,血清Se含量下降,丙二醛含量升高。分析镍作业工人工龄与后三项指标变化的关系,工龄大于20年与小于10年有统计学上明显差别。这些观察指标为镍作业人员医学观察增加新的监护指标提供依据。 相似文献
2.
Seishiro Hirano Takako Asami Naomi Kodama Kazuo T. Suzuki 《Archives of toxicology》1994,68(7):444-449
In a preceding study, we reported that the numbers of macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) were increased in
bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) following the intratracheal instillation of nickel sulfate (NiSO4) in rats. In the present study, BALF chemotactic activities for both macrophages and PMN were measured to investigate if
the increases of these inflammatory cells in BALF depend on increases in chemotactic activities in epithelial lining fluid
(ELF) of the lung. Both the number of PMN and the PMN chemotactic activity peaked at 2 days post-instillation and they were
significantly correlated. However, the PMN chemotactic activity was inversely correlated with concentration of leukotriene
B4 (LTB4), a well-known chemotaxin. Although PMN were not observed in control BALF, LTB4 concentration in the control ELF (ca. 5×10–7 M) was estimated to have a potential to attract PMN chemotactically through a membrane in in vitro migration assay. These
results suggest that the presence of LTB4 in ELF itself does not trigger transpulmonary PMN infiltration. The rat BALF were fractionated by high performance liquid
chromatography (HPLC), and PMN chemotactic activity of each fraction was measured. The elution profiles of PMN chemotactic
activity showed that there were at least two different chemotaxins in BALF obtained from the NiSO4-exposed rats. Macrophage chemotactic activity in BALF also peaked at 2 days post-instillation. However, the number of macrophages
was not significantly correlated with the chemotactic activity for macrophage in BALF. The HPLC study showed that the macrophage
chemotactic substance in the BALF obtained from NiSO4-exposed rats was different from complement fragment (C5a) and its MW was estimated to be 10 – 12 kD.
Received: 1 December 1993/Accepted: 16 March 1994 相似文献
3.
Yoshitomo Kashiwagi Chikara Kikuchi Jun-ichi Anzai 《Journal of electroanalytical chemistry (Lausanne, Switzerland)》2002,518(1):51-55
Electrocatalytic dehalogenation of organohalides was studied using a nickel(II) tetraazamacrocyclic complex-modified graphite felt electrode. The nickel(II) tetraazamacrocyclic complex-modified graphite felt electrode was prepared by attaching nickel(II) (6-(2′-hydroxyethyl)-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane)perchlorate chemically to the carboxyl groups of a thin poly(acrylic acid) layer coated on the graphite felt. The modified electrode gave a reversible electron transfer for the nickel(II)/nickel(I) redox couple in cyclic voltammetry at ?0.95 V versus Ag/AgCl. A preparative electrocatalytic dehalogenation of organohalides was successfully achieved on the modified electrode with an adequate current efficiency (55.6–94.8%), conversion (34.2–100%) and turnover number of the Ni catalyst (667–3333). 相似文献
4.
J. Angerer G. Lehnert 《International archives of occupational and environmental health》1990,61(8):7-10
Summary Stainless steel welders (n = 103) were examined. To estimate external exposure, personal air sampling was used. Internal exposure was quantified by
the determination of nickel levels in erythrocytes, plasma and urine. Men and women (n = 123) were examined for control purposes. In the plasma and erythrocytes of the controls the nickel concentration was below
the level of detection (< 1.81 μg/l). The element concentrations in urine were between < 0.1 and 13.3 μg/l. Of the controls
95% showed nickel levels in urine below 2.2 μg/l (reference value). The average concentration of nickel in the air was 93
± 81 μg/m3. The average concentration of nickel in the plasma samples was 4.9 ± 4.0 μg/l (95th percentile 12.8 μg/L). In erythrocytes
nickel could not be detected. The nickel concentrations in the urine of the welders were 18.5 ± 28.5 μg/l on average (95th
percentile 52.5 μg/l). Only a weak correlation between the nickel levels of plasma and urine could be detected (Curine = 2.07 + 8.45 Cplasma; r = 0.294; p < 0.01). Based on our results and on the reported literature a future limit value for the nickel concentration in urine should
lay between 30 and 50 μg/l. This value corresponds to an external exposure of 500 μg nickel per cubic metre. 相似文献
5.
J. Bácskai K. Martinusz E. Czirók G. Inzelt P.J. Kulesza M.A. Malik 《Journal of electroanalytical chemistry (Lausanne, Switzerland)》1995,385(2):241-248
An electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) was employed to monitor directly the growth of nickel(II) hexacyanoferrate(III) (NiHCNFe) films on gold substrates during electrodeposition as well as a result of sol-gel aggregation in colloidal nickel ferricyanide solutions used for modification. Frequency changes due to mass changes of the gold/crystal working electrode were correlated with cyclic voltammetric (CV) data. Evidence is also provided for the sorption of counter-cations (Li+, Na+ and K+), and associated water molecules, during redox reactions of the film. There is a strict relationship between the amount of alkali metal ions incorporated into the film during reduction, or excluded from the film during oxidation, and the frequency changes during EQCM measurements. The amount of solvent (H2O) transferred and sorbed in the NiHCNFe film reflects the degree of hydration of the investigated counter-ions. Anions also seem to participate in NiHCNFe electrochemistry, but their role is much less pronounced. 相似文献
6.
I. Andersen K. B. Svenes 《International archives of occupational and environmental health》1989,61(4):289-295
Summary Lung specimens from 39 nickel refinery workers autopsied during the period from 1978 to 1984 were analyzed for nickel. Fifteen of the workers were employed in the Roasting and Smelting Department, where exposure to nickel was predominantly in the form of nickel-copper oxides, Ni3S2 and metallic dust. The remaining 24 men worked in the Electrolysis Department. Exposure in this group was considered to be mostly to the water-soluble compounds, NiSO4 and NiCl2, but also to a lesser degree to water-insoluble nickel compounds such as nickel-copper oxides and sulphides. The arithmetic mean ± SD for nickel concentration in lung tissues expressed in gg–1 dry wt for the 39 workers was 150 ± 280. In the workers employed in the Roasting and Smelting Department, the average nickel concentration was 330 ± 380; for those who worked in the Electrolysis Department it was 34 ± 48. Lung tissue from 16 autopsied persons not connected with the refinery had an average nickel concentration of 0.76 ± 0.39. Statistical analysis based on log-normal distributions of the measured nickel concentrations allowed three major conclusions to be formulated: (1) nickel refinery workers exhibit elevated nickel levels in lung tissues at autopsy; (2) workers of the Electrolysis Department and the Roasting Smelting Department constitute distinct groups with respect to the accumulation of nickel in lung tissue; (3) workers who were diagnosed to have lung cancer had the same lung nickel concentrations at autopsy as those who died of other causes. 相似文献
7.
Objective and Design: Whilst the anti-microbial properties of tea tree oil (TTO) are established, the anti-inflammatory effects of TTO in human skin remain largely anecdotal and require evaluation. This study examined the effect of topically applied TTO on nickel-induced contact hypersensitivity reactions in human dorsal skin.Treatment: TTO (100%), a 5% TTO lotion, a placebo lotion (no TTO), or 100% macadamia oil were applied at days 3 and 5 after nickel exposure.Methods: The flare area and erythema index were measured on days 3, 5 and 7. The regulatory effects of TTO were also investigated on the proliferative response to nickel or polyclonal mitogens by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from nickel-sensitive and control subjects.Results: TTO (100%) significantly reduced the flare area and erythema index when compared to the nickel-only sites. With respect to the erythema index, the anti-inflammatory effects were predominantly, but not exclusively, seen in a subgroup of nickel-sensitive subjects with a prolonged development phase of nickel-induced contact hypersensitivity response. The 5% TTO lotion, the placebo lotion and the 100% macadamia oil were all without significant effect. TTO significantly inhibited proliferation to nickel but not to non-specific polyclonal mitogens by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from nickel-sensitive subjects.Conclusions: Topical application of 100% TTO may have therapeutic benefit in nickel-induced contact hypersensitivity in human skin. The mode of action of TTO requires further investigation, but may be an effect on the antigen presenting cells or the antigen presenting process in nickel-induced contact hypersensitivity, as well as vascular changes associated with this response.Received 14 February 2004; returned for revision 30 June 2004; accepted by J. S. Skotnicki 13 September 2004 相似文献
8.
9.
Prasanth Sadasivan Nair Joseph Swaminadan Jaya Andrea Comella Julian Anderson Smith Richard Harper Prashant Prakash Joshi 《Indian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery》2021,37(3):299
There is a deficit of literature regarding the association between nickel allergy–induced symptoms and implanted devices. This report describes a case of nickel allergy causing debilitating migraine-like symptoms, failing to resolve with medical therapy, requiring surgical removal of the device and repair of the defect. 相似文献
10.
J. Ø. Odland V. P. Tchachtchine V. Bykov P. E. Fiskebeck E. Lund Y. Thomassen E. Nieboer 《International archives of occupational and environmental health》1999,72(3):151-160
Background: The feasibility study described herein was prompted by a report in 1992 of possible reproductive and developmental health
concerns among female workers in a Russian nickel refinery. Objective: The primary goal was to ascertain whether medical, statistical, and occupational data bases could be accessed for information
about the pregnancy histories, occupational histories, and life-style factors of the women affected. Methods: The project was facilitated by construction of a registry of all births in three towns with a nickel refinery and verification
of its contents against patients' records obtained from hospital delivery and gynecology departments and community polyclinics.
Municipal Registration Board, Regional Health Statistics Board, and nickel company records were also reviewed. Results: Reproductive/developmental outcome information and workplace histories were acceptable. Sample-size calculations indicated
that a cohort or cross-sectional study would be amenable and suitable for the detection of an excess risk for spontaneous
abortion with adequate statistical significance and power. Such investigations would need to be supplemented by workplace
environmental/biological monitoring assessments for evaluation of exposure to occupational hazardous factors and a worker's
questionnaire to obtain information about life-style factors. A case-control design is recommended for the study of congenital
defects. Conclusions: A well-designed, comprehensive epidemiology study is technically feasible because of the availability of a favorable pool
of study subjects, reproductive/developmental outcome data, information to control for major confounders, and suitable occupational
records.
Received: 13 July 1998 / Accepted: 7 February 1999 相似文献