评教评学模式在肿瘤外科护理带教中的应用评价

目的探讨评教评学模式在肿瘤外科护理带教中的应用效果。方法选择2017年6月—2019年2月于该院肿瘤外科实习的88名护生作为该次研究对象,随机将护生分为对照组与观察组,两组分别有护生44名,对照组给予传统带教方法,观察组给予评教评学模式带教,比较两组护生的护理带教结果。结果观察组护生对带教老师综合能力评价优良率是92.0%,对照组评价优良率是76.0%,组间对比差异有统计学意义(χ^2=4.192,P=0.041<0.05)。观察组带教老师对护生综合能力评价优良率是90.9%,对照组评价优良率是72.7%,组间对比差异有统计学意义(χ^2=4.889,P=0.027<0.05)。观察组护生的理论知识与实操技能考核成绩均要显著比对照组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论评教评学模式在肿瘤外科护理带教中具有显著应用价值,可充分激发师生的教学积极性,改善护理教学质量。     

Attitudes of the 1984 medical graduates of Sri Lanka to anaesthesia

A total of 196 intern medical officers who had graduated from the four medical schools in Sri Lanka in 1984 indicated their attitudes towards anaesthesia as a medical specialty in response to a postal questionnaire. Eighty per cent of the graduates considered anaesthesia to be an established specialty in Sri Lanka, while 17% felt that the specialty had limited clinical application. A total of 62% of the graduates were not aware, prior to their entry to medical school, that anaesthesia was related to medical practice. All the graduates indicated that the intra-operative role of the anaesthetist was on a par with that of the surgeon, but 40% felt that the pre- and post-operative roles were of a secondary nature. Overall, 42% considered that an anaesthetist acts as an assistant to the surgeon. The graduates were of the opinion that only 35% of the patients undergoing surgery were appreciative of the services rendered by an anaesthetist. Fifty per cent of the graduates considered exposure to the specialty in the undergraduate curriculum as inadequate. Anaesthesia was chosen as the first career preference by 1.5%. The dominant reasons for not selecting anaesthesia as a career specialty were: minimal patient contact and patient recognition (62%), and lack of recognition of the specialty by society (54%). Anaesthetists in Sri Lanka are challenged to alter the perceptions associated with the specialty, which are probably a result of chronic staff shortages restricting practice to the confines of operating theatres.     

实习期医学生心理健康状况、应对方式及压力状况的调查

目的探讨实习期医学生心理健康状况、应对方式及压力状况。方法将进入临床实习期的364名临床医学生作为研究组,而选取379名非实习期的临床医学生作为对照组,问卷评定采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、应对方式问卷及心理身体紧张松弛测试表。结果研究组SCL-90的人际关系敏感、强迫、抑郁、焦虑、敌对因子得分显著高于对照组(t=2.25~5.17,P<0.05);与对照组相比,研究组的应对方式中解决问题因子分有显著性降低,自责、退避因子分则有显著性增高(t=-1.97~2.89,P<0.05);研究组的心理压力状况明显差于对照组,且差异具有显著性意义(χ2=56.03,P<0.05)。结论实习期的临床医学生存在不同程度的心理问题,应予以足够重视。     

本科男护生实习后期思想现状调查及分析

目的调查男性护理本科生实习后期思想现状,探讨男护生实习培养存在问题及解决方向。方法采用自制调查问卷,对进入临床实习后期45名本科男护生进行调查。结果男护生实习前后对护理工作思想认识、择业态度有较大差异,实习后仍愿从事护理人数比例由实习前56.25%下降到43.75%。结论实习后期男护生思想认识、择业态度比实习前有较大差异,部分学生思想动摇,考虑改行,教育工作者应考虑男护生培养存在问题,思考应对方法。     

The Turkish Version of the Auditory Consonant Trigram Test as a Measure of Working Memory: A Normative Study

The following study was conducted to adapt the Auditory Consonant Trigram Test (ACT) to Turkish, acquire a new and larger set of normative data, and finally investigate the reliability and validity of the adapted version. The data were collected from a sample of 236 healthy individuals. To test the validity of the Turkish version of ACT, the normative results of ACT were first compared with those obtained from the Digit Span Test (DST) backwards section. Secondly, the ACT performance of 53 schizophrenic patients was compared with that of a matched group selected from the normative sample. Age and education variables influenced performance, whereas gender did not in the normal sample. The ACT and DST backwards scores were positively correlated. As expected, the ACT performance was worse in schizophrenic patients compared to controls. The internal consistency of the adapted version of ACT was found to be at a reliable level (a=0.8535). The Turkish version of ACT can be considered to be a reliable and valid measure of working memory.     

Movimiento de alumnos ayudantes: experiencia de una institución cubana

The teaching-support student movement arose out of the necessity to cover the lack of teachers caused by the massive exodus of professionals at the beginning of the Cuban Revolution. Five decades later it is still alive and continuously perfects and adjusts itself according to the dynamic social requirements of the country. This article intends to describe the experience acquired at the University Hospital “Arnaldo Milián Castro” based on the work of teaching-support students in the period from 2011 to 2016, emphasising its achievements and challenges in the fulfilment of its main objectives in Cuban higher medical education such as: to support the development of the instructional and educational process, to address the professional orientation towards specialities deficient in professionals and to quickly acquire skills for teaching, research, and those related to specialities.     

A Korean Survey on Qualities and Definition of a Good Psychiatrist

The definition of a "good" psychiatrist has varied over the past decades due to changing roles of psychiatrists. Studies on the qualities of "good" psychiatrists have been completed in many countries. However, no such study has been undertaken in Korea. In Korea, recent growing interest in psychiatry demands the identification of qualities for a good psychiatrist. The purpose of this study was to define the qualities of a good psychiatrist in Korea, subsequently facilitating the improvement of psychiatric training programs. The questionnaire was based on a Singaporean survey with the permission from the original authors. Respondents were divided into patient group and psychiatrist group. The 40-item questionnaire contained items grouped into four themes: Professional, Personal Values, Academic Executive and Relationship. Of the four themes, both patient and psychiatrist groups considered Professional as the most important, whereas Academic Executive as the least important. The mean scores for all items of each theme in the patient group were higher than those in the psychiatrist group, reflecting higher expectations for good psychiatrist in the patient group. Patients emphasized Relationship more than psychiatrists did. It is concluded that a good psychiatrist in Korea can be defined as "a good communicator and listener with a professional manner, who respects confidentiality and has good doctor-patient relationships."

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The relationship of sleep quality among internship nurses with clinical learning environment and mental stress: a cross-sectional survey

BackgroundPrevious evidence has supported an association between sleep quality and psychological stress. However, the association between internship nurses' sleep status and its relevant factors is poorly understood.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate sleep quality and its related factors in clinical learning environment and mental stress.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted by three instruments: Clinical Learning Environment, Supervision, and Nurse Teacher Evaluation Scale (CLES + T), Stress Rating Scale for practicing nurses (SRS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).ResultsA total of 508 (91.86%) of 553 students experienced poor sleep quality. The structural equation model showed a correlation of the PSQI with the CLES + T (r = −0.21, p < 0.001), a correlation of the PSQI with the SRS (r = 0.32, p < 0.001), and a correlation of the SRS with the CLES + T (r = −0.22, p < 0.001). Linear regression analysis showed that education (B = −0.56, p < 0.001), willingness to engage in nursing after graduation (B = −0.75, p < 0.001), pedagogical atmosphere in the ward (B = −0.05, p < 0.001) measured by the CLES + T, workload (B = 0.11, p = 0.01), interpersonal relationships (B = −0.12, p = 0.03), and conflicts between study and work (B = 0.12, p < 0.001) on the SRS were significant factors influencing the PSQI.ConclusionsPoor sleep quality is common among internship nurses and it's affected by clinical environment and mental stress. It's necessary to apply more tailored education programs to promote nursing development.     

Nivel de resiliencia y síntomas depresivos en el internado médico en el Perú

IntroductionThe medical intern is susceptible to multiple factors that can lead to depressive symptoms. Resilience is a mechanism that allows them to overcome and counteract this problem. There is limited information about the scope and relationship between these 2 aspects in the population described.ObjectiveTo determine the relationship between the level of resilience and the presence of depressive symptoms during the medical internship in Lima, Peru.Materials and methodsA cross-sectional study was carried out on a representative sample of interns from four hospitals in Lima, Peru. The level of resilience was measured with the Wagnild and Young Abbreviated Resilience Questionnaire, and the presence of depressive symptoms with the abbreviated Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale. A logistic regression model was used to determine statistical relationship.ResultsA total of 202 interns were surveyed (83.5% of the total number of interns). The mean level of resilience was 78.01 ± 11.59, with a high resilience prevalence of 87.1% (n = 176), with the mean prevalence of depressive symptoms being 42.6% (n = 86). An inverse relationship was found between a high level of resilience and the absence of depressive symptoms (OR 13.75; 95% CI 3.9-47.6; P < .05).ConclusionThose with a higher level of resilience had fewer depressive symptoms. Contact with friends, and conformity with the hospital and with staff were associated with a high level of resilience.