Shared allergenic and antigenic determinants in Alternaria and Stemphylium extracts

To develop a model for mold allergen extract standardization, we studied eight commercial Alternaria extracts from various suppliers by a variety of immunochemical and physicochemical techniques, including measurement of Alt-I, a purified allergenic fraction of Alternaria. Wide variations were noted in the allergenic and antigenic potencies of these extracts. Estimates of Alt-I content measured by Alt-I RAST inhibition and by radioimmunoassay correlated significantly (p < 0.05), but Alt-I activity by either method could not be correlated with allergenic potency as measured by RAST inhibition using solid-phase Alternaria. Each test extract produced unique and differing patterns of Coomassie blue-stained bands in isoelectrofocusing gels and in crossed immunoelectrophoresis gels using rabbit antibodies to Alternaria. The optimal method for mold allergen standardization involves a combination of RAST inhibition, isoelectrofocusing, and crossed immunoelectrophoresis techniques, and, if possible, quantitation of individual allergens.     

甲胎蛋白异质体在儿科肿瘤诊断的应用

目的 探讨甲胎蛋白（ＡＦＰ）慢质体的检测在儿科肿瘤诊断听临床应用价值。方法 根据刀豆素Ａ对ＡＦＰ亲和力的不同,采用亲和交叉免疫电泳自显影术检测ＡＦＰ异质体结果 恶性胚芽细胞肿瘤出现双波图像,且非结合型波（ＮＲ波）〉３０％;恶性肝脏疾病也出现双波图像,但ＮＲ波〈１５％;良性胚细胞肿瘤可呈单波或双波图像,但ＮＲ波极小;衣性肝脏疾病仅出现单波图像。结论 ＡＦＰ异质体的检测能为儿童良、恶性肝脏疾病及良、恶     

免疫固定电泳法的应用--检测本-周氏蛋白

目的 通过免疫固定电泳法实验检验非浓缩尿中本-周氏蛋白,并与传统检测方法-热沉淀反应法比较。方法 对116例临床申请本-周氏蛋白检测的尿标本分别以免疫固定法和热沉淀反应法检测尿中本-周氏蛋白,并对20例免疫固定法检出本-周氏蛋白呈阳性的病人的尿液做尿蛋白分型定性。结果 116例标本用免疫固定电泳法测定,20例（17.24%)呈本-周氏蛋白阳性,其中8例属于κ型、12例属于λ型;用加热法测定全为阴性。20例免疫固定电泳法中本-周氏蛋白阳性的病人尿液蛋白定性呈-～ 之间。结论 利用免疫固定电泳法测定尿中本-周氏蛋白,具有特异性和高灵敏度,其技术作为筛选和确认本-周氏蛋白方法而受到推荐。热沉淀反应法则因检测过程中的影响因素太多,而应被取代。     

A further study on the mechanism of deposition of plasma protein in psoriasis scale

Summary To clarify the mechanism underlying the deposition of plasma protein in the psoriatic horny layer, extracts of psoriasis scale treated with fibrinolysin and acid citrate buffer were examined using electrophoresis and immunoelectrophoresis. Each extract showed electrophoretic and immunoelec-trophoretic pattern similar to that of normal human serum, although the albumin-globulin ratio was lower than that of normal human serum. Extract after fibrinolysin treatment showed larger amount of substances than that after acid citrate buffer treatment. In each extract, high concentrations of fibrindegrated products were found; fibrinogen was absent. These findings suggest that in the main mechanism of the deposition of plasma protein non-immunological processes are involved, as revealed by our previous study with an immunohistochemical method, and that some fibrinolytic process occurs in psoriatic lesions.This research was supported by the grant No. 367201 from the Ministry of Education of Japan     

人C-反应蛋白分离纯化及其测定技术的改进

伴随感染、创伤、烧伤或各种炎症,人血液中C-反应蛋白含量迅速显著地增加。本文为分离纯化C-反应蛋白介绍了一种新的方法,报告了对火箭电泳法所做的一些改进,已用于临床。最小可测出量为8000μg/L。应用此法在室温条件下仅需4h即可完成。     

用杂交瘤细胞免疫电泳法检测肺癌患者血清PA_3抗原的初步研究

本文报告一种新的杂交瘤细胞免疫电泳法及其在检测肺癌患者血清PA_3抗原中的应用。本法共检肺癌22例,其他癌30例,正常对照50例。以细胞电泳减慢率≥35％为分界标准,PA_3阳性率分别为肺癌77.27％,其他癌20.0％,正常人6.0％。4例阳性肺癌血清经PA_3杂交瘤细胞培养上清预反应后,其减慢率均受抑制,提示PA_3抗原在肺癌中的表达具有限定性。本文结果表明用杂交瘤细胞免疫电泳法进行PA_3抗原的检测对肺癌的血清学诊断可能具有一定价值。     

小鼠和沙鼠泡球蚴抗原ELISA诊断人泡球蚴病比较研究

通过 ELISA 法,比较研究了小鼠和沙鼠泡球蚴抗原(MAH&GAH抗原)计52例泡球蚴(AH)患者、59例非 AH 病患者和57名建康人的诊断价值。结果表明,MAH&-GAH 抗原的阳性率各为98.1%和100.0%,经统计学处理,两种抗原之间无显著差异;假阳性率两者相同,均为2.58%。但是,GAH 抗原在0.70以上高消光值中占96.15%,非常显著地高于MAH 抗原者(51.92%);抗体滴度在1:1600以上时,GAH 抗原占69.23%,也非常地高于MAH 抗原(占30.11%),按几何均数计,GAH 抗原为 MAH 抗原的2.87倍,说明诊断 AH 病宜用 GAH 抗原。以 SDS-PAGE 分离的蛋白质带带数,GAH 者为36条,MAH 者仅15条。     

Antithrombin III Toyama: a hereditary abnormal antithrombin III of a patient with recurrent thrombophlebitis

A familial abnormal antithrombin III (AT-III) is reported. The characteristic of the abnormality in this family is low heparin cofactor activity with normal progressive antithrombin activity and normal or rather increased level of AT-III antigen. The patient is a 23-year-old female who had suffered from recurrent thrombophlebitis involving her lower extremities. Her plasma AT-III antigen concentration was 54 mg/dl and progressive antithrombin and factor Xa inhibitory activities were of normal level. However, the heparin cofactor activity of her plasma was as low as 26% of normal control. On crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) containing heparin in the first dimension agarose, patient's AT-III showed no increase in electrophoretic mobility compared to that in the absence of heparin, suggesting that the patient's AT-III has no affinity for heparin. From CIE pattern in the presence of heparin, the patient was found to be a homozygote, and parents and one of her younger sisters were heterozygotes. Thus, the mode of inheritance is proposed to be autosomal dominant.     

Announcements

The leukocyte migration inhibition test (LMIT) was studied in 20 patients with farmer's lung (FL) and in 24 asymptomatic farmers. In the first group, the test proved to be 95% positive ($\text{19}\text{20}$), whereas it was positive in only 44% ($\text{11}\text{25}$) of the control group; this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.005). The LMIT was also studied in eight patients with FL who had not been in contact with the antigen during the year prior to testing and was found to be 87% positive ($\text{7}\text{8}$). The test therefore proved to be more effective in the diagnosis of FL compared with tests for specific antibodies, even when subjects had not been in contact with the antigen for 1 yr.     

酶免疫转移印渍试验(EITB)分析斯氏狸殖吸虫成虫抗原

本文应用十二烷基硫酸钠—聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS—PAGE)分离斯氏狸殖吸虫成虫抗原,并通过转移电泳至硝酸纤维薄膜(NC)上,然后用酶联免疫试验观察成虫抗原蛋白与感染斯氏狸殖吸虫的病人、犬及大鼠血清的反应,检测和识别特异性虫体抗原蛋白。实验结果呈示;虫体抗原经SDS-PAGE分离、染色后可显示20余条蛋白区带;分子量分别为22、24、26KD的抗原蛋白对人体和动物的斯氏狸殖吸虫感染具有诊断价值。