免疫磁珠分离技术纯化和检测泰泽氏病原体的研究

目的建立泰泽氏病原体(Ty)纯化方法,获得纯的菌体供抗原研究,为ELISA诊断抗原的制备提供依据;并尝试建立Ty隐性感染血清学抗原检查方法。方法选择特异性抗体包被磁珠,从感染大鼠肝脏中富集和纯化Ty;用SDS-PAGE和Western blot技术考察纯化Ty的蛋白和抗原图谱;同时用免疫磁珠分离技术(IMS)直接检查隐性感染大鼠肠道上皮细胞内的Ty。结果用辛酸-硫酸铵纯化的Ty单克隆抗体M5以0·5μg/107beads以上浓度包被抗IgG抗体预结合的磁珠4h,可最大效率地富集Ty;分离反应进行1h,敏感性达到103菌体/mL;吖啶黄染色镜检法可以直接、快速地观察到结合于磁珠上的细菌;抗原分析表明,IMS较好地去除了肝组织和真核细胞成分,纯化的Ty RJ株具有3个免疫优势的抗原成分,相对分子质量(Mr)分别为160×103、116×103、55×103;此外,IMS法可直接从隐性感染大鼠盲肠上皮细胞中检测到少量寄生的Ty。结论用IMS技术可有效地富集和纯化Ty,并可以作为Ty隐性感染血清学抗原检查的候选方法。     

Evaluation of monoclonal anti-D reagents using D variant cells

Monoclonal anti-D antibodies submitted to the Third Monoclonal International Workshop were evaluated against a number of D variant cells using standard serological techniques. The monoclonal antibodies were able to discriminate between the cells of Categories Va, VI and DFR but not Category III cells. Cells within each category did not give any aberrant results. The Rh:33 cells behaved as normal Rh(D) positive cells.     

Urine test strips: reliability of semi-quantitative findings under tropical conditions

Semi-quantitative urinalysis with urine reagent strips (URS) for erythrocyturia (EU), leucocyturia (LU) and proteinuria (PU) was performed in Congolese and Sudanese school children withSchistosoma haematobium and/orS.mansoni infection. Quantitative urinalysis was performed on the same specimen using microscopy and a Neubauer counting chamber for EU and LU and the Coomassie blue dye-binding assay for PU. Microscopically detectable EU of more than 10 cells/l was found in 63% of all samples and LU of more than 20 cells/l was found in 60% of all samples. With the Coomassie blue method, PU of more than 150 mg/l was detected in 51% of all samples. URS gave positive results of grade 1–3 for EU in 69% of all samples, for LU in 63% of all samples and for PU in 66% of all samples. The sensitivity and specificity of URS compared with standard reference methods were as follows: EU 95% and 75%, LU 81% and 81% and PU 90% and 56%. When the results of all three test were combined, URS differentiated abnormal from normal urine specimens with a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 70%. Median quantitative results showed a good correlation with semiquantitative URS readings for all parameters, but there was a wide range of URS scores.We concluded that URS sensitively detect urinary abnormalities and thus may be used as a general screening method under field conditions when more specific methods cannot be performed. In the hospital laboratory,urine microscopy with a counting chamber would be preferred to URS as a sole method for EU and LU detection; URS is useful for the detection of PU in the tropical hospital laboratory where an appropriate quantitative method with a better specificity may not be available.     

Vilsmeir法合成头孢曲松钠的工艺研究

目的　探讨头孢曲松钠的Vilsmeir法合成工艺。方法　用二氯硫酰代替二氯亚硫酰来制备得到改进的Vilsmeir试剂 ,用vilsmeir试剂活化的氨噻肟乙酸同 7-ACT缩合反应制备头孢曲松钠。结果与讨论　Vilsmeir法合成工艺简单、便宜、收率达 85 %。     

特异性鲎试剂分析甘露聚糖肽氯化钠注射液的细菌内毒素

目的　考察甘露聚糖肽氯化钠注射液进行细菌内毒素检查的可行性。方法　应用普通鲎试剂及特异性鲎试剂对样品进行内毒素的定性及定量检查。结果　甘露聚糖肽氯化钠注射液经 6倍稀释后对普通鲎试剂的细菌内毒素检查有明显的干扰作用 ,而对特异性鲎试剂无干扰作用 ;以特异性鲎试剂检查 6批样品其细菌内毒素含量均小于 15 0 0EU·L-1,凝胶法和动态浊度法鲎试验均证实了这一点。结论　必须应用特异性鲎试剂检查甘露聚糖肽氯化钠注射液中的细菌内毒素以排除其干扰作用     

Facile synthesis of Nα‐protected‐l‐α,γ‐diaminobutyric acids mediated by polymer‐supported hypervalent iodine reagent in water

Abstract: Hofmann rearrangement of N^α‐Boc‐l ‐Gln‐OH mediated by a polymer‐supported hypervalent iodine reagent poly[(4‐diacetoxyiodo)styrene] (PSDIB) in water afforded N^α‐Boc‐l ‐α,γ‐diaminobutyric acid (Boc‐Dab‐OH, 1 ) in 87% yield. N^α‐Z‐derivative (Z‐Dab‐OH, 2 ) was prepared with PSDIB in 83% yield. Since the reaction of N^α‐Fmoc‐Gln‐OH by this procedure did not proceed because of the insolubility of Fmoc‐Gln‐OH in aqueous media, we synthesized Fmoc‐Dab(Boc)‐OH ( 5 ) from 2 in 54% yield. Polymyxin B heptapeptide (PMBH) which contains four Dab residues was successfully synthesized in a solution‐phase synthesis.     

NOVA16急诊生化分析仪试剂包中A、R、H液的研制与应用

目的 研制ＮＯＶＡ１６全自动急诊生化分析仪试剂包中Ａ,Ｒ,Ｈ液。方法 根据电极法测定血浆（或全血）中Ｎａ＾＋、Ｋ＾＋、Ｃｌ＾－、ＴＣＯ２、Ｇｌｕ、Ｕｒｅａ、Ｃｒ等物质浓度（活度）和红细胞压积（Ｈｅｍａｔｏｃｒｉｔ,Ｈｃｔ）的原理及标准液配制的有关要求,配制类似血浆水的Ａ液、ＣＯ２释放液Ｈ及参比液Ｒ。结果 自配Ａ,Ｒ,Ｈ液与原装试剂的主要理化指标：ｐＨ、渗透压、电极斜率、线性范围及试剂的稳定性等方面     

国内外结核菌聚合酶链反应试剂盒的临床检测结果比较

目的用相同标本比较国内外结核菌聚合酶链反应诊断试剂盒的临床检测效果,并初步探讨结核菌聚合酶链反应荧光诊断试剂盒在临床应用中定量检测结核菌数量的可行性。方法用聚合酶链反应技术,荧光探针杂交技术、酶联免疫反应技术以及常规细菌学方法检测并经双盲编号的84份临床痰标本和8份含痰结核菌标准品。结果在59例结核病患者痰标本中,国产PCR-酶联免疫检测试剂盒与PCR荧光试剂盒分别检出26例阳性和24例阳性,国外试剂盒检出24例阳性;在25例非结核病患者痰标本中,国产PCR-酶联免疫检测试剂盒与PCR荧光试剂盒分别检出21例真阴性和24例真阴性,国外试剂盒检出23例真阴性;细菌学各级别检查结果与PCR荧光检测CT值不呈递减关系。结论国内外结核菌聚合酶链反应诊断试剂盒对临床标本的检测结果无显著性差异;结核菌聚合酶链反应荧光诊断试剂盒尚不能定量检测痰标本中的结核菌数量,有待更多的临床数据加以证实。     

银镜反应实验条件的探讨

经过反复实验比较 ,并结合理论分析 ,对银镜反应实验条件进行了探讨和改进 ,基本上掌握了银镜反应实验的最佳条件 ,达到了理想的实验效果     

出入境体检常用血清学ELISA试剂内部对照的有效性与结果判定

文章分析了传染病监测体检项目常用血清学ELISA试剂内部对照的有效性与实验结果判定之间的关系,尤其是阳性对照、阴性对照及空白对照与实验结果之间的关系,提高了血清学检测的质量。