Bismuth Ⅳ型肝门部胆管癌的外科治疗

目的探讨BismuthⅣ型肝门部胆管癌的外科治疗方法。方法对近5年来经手术和病理确诊的22例BismuthⅣ型肝门部胆管癌患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果22例患者中,男13例,女9例,男女之比1.4∶1。常规手术方法治疗16例(常规手术治疗组),包括手术切除5例(31.3%),其中根治性切除2例,姑息切除3例;内或外引流术11例。经典式原位肝移植术6例(肝移植组)。常规手术方法治疗组1,2年累积生存率分别为32.1%,0;肝移植组除1例术后11个月死于慢性排异反应外,余均健康存活,现已分别存活28,19,17,12个月和9个月,未见肿瘤复发和转移,术后1,2年累积生存率分别为80.0%(4/5),50.0%(1/2)。两组生存率比较差异有显著性(P=0.041)。结论BismuthⅣ型肝门部胆管癌应行积极的外科治疗,其中根治性切除术是提高患者存活率的关健;常规手术无法根治切除者是原位肝移植的适应证,术后疗效满意。     

Pulmonary and mediastinal "sarcoidosis" following surgical resection of cancer

Previous reports indicate that enlarged hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes caused by sarcoid-like reactions may develop after curative resection of cancer, and their presence does not necessarily denote neoplastic recurrence. Reports further suggest that coexisting pulmonary infiltrates in this setting may be related to sarcoidosis. In this study, we describe two patients who had resected lung and gastric cancer and who later developed pulmonary interstitial infiltrate, concurrent with progressive mediastinal lymphadenopathy initially thought to be caused by intrathoracic dissemination of their cancer. These changes were shown by open lung biopsy to be a benign, granulomatous reaction interpreted as sarcoidosis. Thus, it is important to recognize this clinical pattern when pulmonary infiltrates develop after complete treatment of cancer in an otherwise relapse-free patient and to encourage lung or lymph node biopsy in these particular settings in order to confirm a sarcoid-like reaction, thereby avoiding unnecessary chemotherapy for presumed tumor recurrence.     

胆道外科中肝尾状叶病变的处理

目的：探讨肝门胆管部和尾状叶肝结石术中对尾状叶的处理。方法：对２１例肝尾状叶因以上疾病经外科治疗的患者进行随访总结。结果与结论：肝尾状病变处理棘手;肝门部胆管癌常侵及尾状叶,其根治范围应包括肝尾状叶的切除;尾状叶肝管结石应切开左右肝管,力争术中取尽结石。     

左半肝切除在肝门部胆管癌手术治疗中的应用

目的探讨左半肝切除在肝门部胆管癌治疗中的可行性。方法回顾分析12例该手术方法的应用及治疗效果。结果Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型(ⅢA、ⅢB)肝门胆管癌均可通过左半肝切除，右肝管(Ⅰ级或Ⅱ级)、空肠Roue-Y吻合来达到根治的目的。本组切除率为52％。结论左半肝切除治疗肝门部胆管癌，简化了手术程序，减小了手术的创伤，提高了手术的切除率。     

雌激素孕激素及受体在肝门部胆管癌中的表达

目的探讨雌、孕激素(ER、PR)及其受体在肝门部胆管癌的发生中的作用。方法应用放射免疫法测定42例肝门部胆管癌患者血中的雌、孕激素水平；应用免疫组织化学法，检测其组织中ER及PR表达水平。结果42例肝门部胆管癌患者中，雌、孕激素高于正常者分别占73．8％和69．0％，ER及PR阳性表达率分别为66．7％、和64．3％。与对照组相比，雌、孕激素水平及受体表达具有明显差异。结论肝门部胆管癌患者中，多数雌、孕激素水平高，ER及PR表达率高。雌、孕激素及受体可能在肝门部胆管癌发生和发展过程中起重要作用。     

Overexpression of Prdx1 in hilar cholangiocarcinoma: a predictor for recurrence and prognosis

Prdx1 is an important member of peroxiredoxins (Prdxs) regulating various cellular signaling and differentiation. Prdx1 confers an aggressive survival phenotype of cancer cells and drug-resistance, yet its role in hilar cholangiocarcinoma is not fully investigated. In present study, we detected the expression profile of Prdx1 in 88 hilar cholangiocarcinoma by tissue arrays and immunohistochemistry. Prdx1 level was down-regulated by specific Prdx1-shRNA in vitro and the possible mechanism was investigated. Overexpression of Prdx1 was observed in 53 of 88 cases (60.2%). Prdx1 expression was significantly associated with tumor invasion, nodal metastasis, advanced disease stage. Down-regulation of Prdx1 inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation of QBC939 cells and reduced the level of SNAT1 expression. Patients with Prdx1 overexpression had a shorter disease-free survival and overall survival than those without Prdx1 expression. Multivariate analysis showed that Prdx1 was an independent prognostic factor for patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma. The data indicate that Prdx1 may contribute to the development and progression of hilar cholangiocarcinoma, partially through regulating SNAT1 expression, and may be used as a biomarker in predicting the outcome of patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma.     

Silencing of CXCR4 Inhibits Tumor Cell Proliferation and Neural Invasion in Human Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma

Background/Aims

To evaluate the expression of CXC motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) in the tissues of patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma (hilar-CCA) and to investigate the cell proliferation and frequency of neural invasion (NI) influenced by RNAi-mediated CXCR4 silencing.

Methods

An immunohistochemical technique was used to detect the expression of CXCR4 in 41 clinical tissues, including hilar-CCA, cholangitis, and normal bile duct tissues. The effects of small interference RNA (siRNA)-mediated CXCR4 silencing were detected in the hilar-CCA cell line QBC939. Cell proliferation was determined by MTT. Expression of CXCR4 was monitored by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. The NI ability of hilar-CCA cells was evaluated using a perineural cell and hilar-CCA cell coculture migration assay.

Results

The expression of CXCR4 was significantly induced in clinical hilar-CCA tissue. There was a positive correlation between the expression of CXCR4 and lymph node metastasis/NI in hilar-CCA patients (p<0.05). Silencing of CXCR4 in tumor cell lines by siRNA led to significantly decreased NI (p<0.05) and slightly decreased cell proliferation.

Conclusions

CXCR4 is likely correlated with clinical recurrence of hilar-CCA. CXCR4 is involved in the invasion and proliferation of human hilar-CCA cell line QBC939, indicating that CXCR4 could be a promising therapeutic target for hilar-CCA.     

肝门胆管癌的术前评估策略

目前,国内外学者一致认为肝门胆管癌根治性切除（即R0切除）是肝门胆管癌患者获得长期生存甚至是治愈的希望。术前运用恰当全面的评估策略,能够对肝门胆管癌的可切除性和手术切除安全性进行准确的判断,以此提高根治性切除率和手术的安全性。本文就当今对肝门胆管癌术前评估的现状认识作一综述。     

保留下腔静脉的离体低温右肝扩大切除治疗不可切除IV型肝门部胆管癌

目的:探讨保留下腔静脉的离体低温肝切除治疗不可切除Ⅳ型肝门部胆管癌的效果.方法:回顾性分析2例Ⅳ型肝门部胆管癌患者临床资料,其中1例行保留下腔静脉的原位低温灌注扩大右肝切除术,另1例采用保留下腔静脉的全离体扩大右肝切除治疗.结果:原位低温灌注扩大右肝切除术历时14h,术中输血3 000 mL,然而,患者术后第1天死于多器官功能衰竭.全离体扩大右肝切除术历时15h,术中输血2 000 mL,热缺血时间20 min,冷缺血时间195 min,术后30d出院,无肝衰和其他重大并发症发生,随访11个月,患者仍然存活且无血管、胆管并发症及肿瘤复发和转移.结论:在有复杂肝切除经验和活体肝移植经验的前体下,保留下腔静脉的离体低温肝切除是安全的,且可能是治疗精选的不可切除Ⅳ型肝门部胆管癌的有效选择.