高效液相色谱法测定岩舒注射液中苦参碱的含量

目的：建立岩舒注射液中苦参碱的反相高效液相色谱法。方法：采用C18柱，流动相为甲醇－水－氨水（195：60：2．25），检测波长为220nm。结果：苦参碱在0．052－1．04μg范围内线性关系良好（r=0.9985)，日内和日间精密度RSD均小于2．0％，方法的平均回收率为99．5％。结论：本法简便、快捷，结果准确。     

氟罗沙星原料药中的杂质检查

目的　采用反相高效液相色谱法进行氟罗沙星原料药的杂质限量检查。方法　以乙腈-三乙胺及磷酸混合液 (15∶85)为流动相 ,Phenomenex C₈柱 (2.50mm×4.6mm ,5 μm)为固定相 ,流速为1.0ml·min^-1,检测波长为 286nm。结果　通过自身对照法用面积归一化法计算的氟罗沙星原料药中杂质含量均未超过 1%。结论　方法简单、灵敏度高 ,可用于氟罗沙星原料药的杂质含量测定。     

氟罗沙星原料药中的杂质检查

目的　采用反相高效液相色谱法进行氟罗沙星原料药的杂质限量检查。方法　以乙腈 三乙胺及磷酸混合液 (15∶85 )为流动相 ,PhenomenexC8柱 (2. 5 0mm× 4 . 6mm ,5 μm)为固定相 ,流速为 1 .0ml·min 1,检测波长为 286nm。结果　通过自身对照法用面积归一化法计算的氟罗沙星原料药中杂质含量均未超过 1%。结论　方法简单、灵敏度高 ,可用于氟罗沙星原料药的杂质含量测定。     

Development of photo-amino acid derivative reactivity assay: a novel in chemico alternative method for predicting photoallergy

Photoallergy test of cosmetics and several types of pharmaceutical substances is often necessary for obtaining approval from authorities. However, there are no official test guidelines for photoallergy evaluation. Therefore, we tried to establish a photoallergy test by utilizing an in chemico alternative sensitization method, amino acid derivative reactivity assay (ADRA). To determine the criteria for judging the photoallergy potential, photo-ADRA with or without photoirradiation was performed using 60 photoallergenic chemicals, and cysteine and lysine derivatives were detected using high-performance liquid chromatography either by absorbance or fluorescence measurement. The accuracy of prediction was 81.4% (48 of 59) and 80.0% (48 of 60) using the absorbance and fluorescence methods, respectively. However, as chemicals can breakdown into multiple chemicals during photoirradiation, the absorbance method often cannot perform accurate detection due to co-elution, whereas the fluorescence method can do this due to lack of co-elution. Moreover, all eight chemicals that were found to be negative or false-positive for photoirritation in the 3T3 neutral red uptake phototoxicity test were confirmed as positive for photoallergy using this method. Furthermore, we prepared three types of pseudo-mixtures where we added one photoallergen along with five nonphotoallergens and performed the photo-ADRA by the ultraviolet and fluorescence methods. The result of the fluorescence method was almost the same as that obtained with the use of a single photoallergen and hence the outcome was not affected by the mixture. Thus, this study not only showed a method of evaluating the photoallergy potential of a single chemical but also a mixture, making it useful as an in chemico photoallergy alternative test.     

淫羊藿次苷Ⅰ在大鼠体内的药动学和组织分布研究

 目的研究淫羊藿次苷Ⅰ在血液和各组织中的HPLC检测方法及在大鼠体内的药动学和组织分布。方法采用Dikma-C₁₈色谱柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),流动相甲醇-0.2%磷酸(73:27),流速1.0mL·min^-1,检测波长270nm,柱温20℃。大鼠按淫羊藿次苷Ⅰ单剂量10mg·kg^-1尾静脉注射后,采用高效液相色谱法测定给药后不同时间的淫羊藿次苷Ⅰ血药浓度和各组织浓度,用3P97程序计算药动学参数。结果淫羊藿次苷Ⅰ的血药浓度-时间曲线符合二室模型,并在心脏和肌肉组织有一定程度的蓄积。结论此方法简便、准确、稳定,可用于淫羊藿次苷Ⅰ的药动学和组织分布研究。     

Variability and uncertainty assessment of patulin exposure for preschool children in Flanders.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the patulin exposure of children consuming organic, handcrafted or conventional apple juice through a probabilistic approach and to evaluate the effectiveness of several risk management options aiming to reduce the risk for children due to patulin exposure. However, a large part of the data on patulin contamination of apple juice fell under the limit of detection (LOD). Different methods were tested to deal with these so-called left censored data and a uniform distribution with uncertain bounds was selected to handle this censorship. Variability and uncertainty assessment of patulin exposure showed that 0.9% [90% confidence interval (CI): 0.3-1.8%] of the children consuming only organic apple juice exceed the tolerable daily intake (TDI). For consumers of conventional and handcrafted apple juice this was respectively 0.1% [90% CI: 0-0.3%] and 0% [90% CI: 0-0.2%]. Reduction of the patulin contamination in apple juice to concentrations below 25 microg/kg reduced the percentage of the children exceeding the TDI to 0% [90%CI: 0-0.2%] for organic apple juice. Reduction of the apple juice consumption was less effective than a reduction of the patulin concentration in apple juice and is only useful when the patulin concentration of apple juice is below 25 microg/kg.     

注射用氟氯西林钠的药动学

目的：建立人血浆中氟氯西林钠质量浓度的高效液相色谱（HPLC）测定法，研究氟氯西林钠在人体的药动学。方法：采用单剂量单周期给药方案试验设计，测定了12名健康受试者滴注注射用氟氯西林钠后不同时间内的血药质量浓度。结果：受试者单剂量滴注1．0g氟氯西林钠后药动学参数tmax和Cmax分别为（0.75±0．11）h和（138．4±17．8）mg·L^-1，AUC0-10为（260．0±48．7）mg·h·L^-1，AUC0-∞。为（271．6±49．6）mg·h·L^-1，估算的t1/2α。为（0．42±0．37）h，t1/2β为（1．7±1．2）h，清除率（CL）为（3．8±0．9）L·h^-1其中6名男性健康受试者的tmax和Cmax分别为（0．79±0．1）h和（129．0±17．7）mg·L^-1，AUC0-10．为（238．6±54．1）mg·h·L^-1，AUC0-∞为（248．1±53．6）mg·h·L^-1，估算的t1/2α为（0．35±0．42）h，t/2β为（1．2±0.4）h，清除率（CL）为（4．2±0．4）L·L^-1。6名女性健康受试者的tmax和Cmax，分别为（0．71±0．1）h和（147．9±12．4）mg·L^-1，AUG0-10为（281．4±34．6）mg·h·L^-1，AUG0-∞为（295．1±5．0）mg·h·L^-1，估算的t1/2α。为（2．1±1．5）h，t1/2β为（2．1±1．5）h，清除率（CL）为（3．4±0．5）L·h^-1。结论：经双单侧t检验分析显示氟氯西林钠注射液在男性和女性健康受试者的tmax、Cmax、AUC0-10 、AUC0-∞和t1.2，tmax相近（P＞0．05），无性别差异。     

HPLC-UV测定五更清肠溶片中补骨脂素的含量

目的建立五更清肠溶片中补骨脂素的含量测定方法。方法HypersilODS C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-水(45∶55),检测波长为246 nm。结果补骨脂素在12.5~125μg.m l-1范围内,浓度与峰面积值呈良好线性关系,r=0.9996,平均加样回收率为98.12%,RSD=1.8%。结论本方法简便,重复性好,可用于五更清肠溶片的质量控制。     

丹参及丹参注射液指纹图谱的HPLC-MS研究

目的 采用HPLC－UV－MS法对丹参药材、丹参注射液中间体及丹参注射液进行指纹图谱的研究。方法 采用Alltima C18分析柱，甲醇－水－冰醋酸梯度洗脱系统，流速：1mL/min，检测波长：281nm，MS册时记录总离子流（TIC）色谱图。结果 得到分离度较好的丹参药材、中间体及注射液的HPLC－UV及HPLC－MS指纹图谱。结论为丹参药材、中间体及注射液的质量控制提供全面、可靠的依据。     

羟苯磺酸钙颗粒剂在健康人体的药代动力学和生物等效性

目的研究羟苯磺酸钙(改善微循环、抗血栓药)颗粒剂和胶囊在健康人体的药代动力学及生物等效性。方法20名健康志愿者随机双交叉、单剂量口服受试制剂和参比制剂0.5 g,剂间间隔为1周,用高效液相色谱-紫外检测法测定血浆中羟苯磺酸钙浓度,用DAs ver 2.0药代动力学程序进行有关药代动力学参数、相对生物利用度计算,并评价2种制剂生物等效性。结果受试与参比制剂的药代动力学参数如下:t_(max)分别为(4.33±0.92)和(4.50±0.83)h,t_(1/2)分别为(4.05±1.37)和(4.06±1.53)h,C_(max)分别为(10.77±2.96)和(11.77±3.26)mg·L~(-1),AUC_(0-t)分别为(85.22±18.76)和(86.75±18.67)mg·h·L~(-1),AUC_(0-∞)分别为(88.69±21.14)和(89.71±19.88)mg.h·L~(-1),羟苯磺酸钙颗粒剂的相对生物利用度为(98.90±12.11)%。结论2种制剂具有生物等效性。