银杏叶聚戊烯醇抗癌作用的初步研究

目的 :研究银杏叶 (FoliumGinkgo)提取物—聚戊烯醇 (PolyprenolsGP 1 )的抗肿瘤作用。方法 :采用动物抗移植性肿瘤实验方法。结果 :1 0 0mg/kg的聚戊烯醇对移植性肝癌Heps和肉瘤S1 80 的实验抑制率分别为 49 1 3 %和 46 53% ,40 0mg/kg的聚戊烯醇对艾氏癌EC抑制率为 49 65 % (P <0 0 1 )。银杏叶聚戊烯醇对艾氏腹水癌EAC小鼠无明显延长寿命作用。结论 :银杏叶聚戊烯醇有良好的抗肿瘤作用 ,应进行深入研究     

大刺猴头（88）多糖对小鼠体液和细胞免疫功能的影响

目的：研究大刺猴头（88）多糖（HEPS）对小鼠体液和细胞免疫功能的影响。方法：以HEPS 100mg/kg,200mg/kg,400mg/kg经口给与小鼠，同时设猪苓多糖100mg/kg作为阳性对照组，用比色法测定小鼠体内溶血素的含量，用碳粒表法检测对小鼠网状内皮系统的廓清能力的影响。结果：HEPS 3个剂量组都有增强溶血素抗体生成的作用。HC50值分别为119．51，144．81，120．49与阴性对照组70．03相比，差异有显性（P＜0．01），都可以增强小习网状系统对碳粒的表能力，其K值分别为0．063，0．076，0．063，与对照组0．035相比，差异有显性（P＜0．01），结论：大刺猴头（88）多糖HEPS可以增强小鼠的体液和细胞免疫功能，其中200mg/kg组作用最佳，增大剂理其免疫增强作用并未见增加。     

Effects of vinyltoluene alone and after pretreatment with polychlorinated biphenyls on hepatocellular morphology and enzyme activities in liver and kidneys in rats

Male Wistar rats were exposed by inhalation to vinyltoluene (300 ppm, 6 h daily, 5 days/week, for 1 or 2 weeks). An intraperitoneal dose of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) (500 mg/kg) was injected 5 days before the inhalation exposure began. Hepatocytes were significantly increased in size after treatment with PCBs alone; this increase in size was caused by the proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and the dilatation of interreticular space. After treatment with vinyltoluene, the cell size decreased significantly. This decrease was counterbalanced by pretreatment with PCBs. Both with and without pretreatment with PCBs, the mitochondria were enlarged after exposure to vinyltoluene. Vinyltoluene affected the activity of NADPH-cytochrome c reductase and the content of cytochrome P-450 in the liver or the kidneys only moderately if at all. The activity of hepatic or renal O-deethylases (7-ethoxycoumarin and 7-ethoxyresorufin) and UDPglucuronosyltransferase increased 1,4-fold or more. The activity of epoxide hydrolase in the liver was increased 1.4-fold in 1 week by the inhalation of vinyltluene. A mixture of PCBs was a potent inducer of drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. A single i.p. injection of PCBs increased the activity of 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase in the liver by more than 150 times. Exposure to both PCBs and vinyltoluene caused no additive effects on measured activities with the exception of hepatic epoxide hydrolase. The decrease in non-protein sulhydryl concentrations of the liver after exposure to vinyltoluene was accompanied by an increase in the excretion of urinary thioethers. In rats pretreated with PCBs, the effect of vinyltoluene on both of these parameters was less than that caused by the inhalaton of vinyltoluene alone. Our results indicate that the biotransformation of vinyltoluene in rats leads to glutathione conjugates accompanied by concomitant depletion of hepatic glutathione and increased excretion of urinary thioethers. Treatment with PCBs modifies the biotranformation of vinyltoluene in the direction of diol-formation via enhanced activity of epoxide hydrolase.     

三氧化二砷对小鼠免疫系统的影响

目的　探讨三氧化二砷对小鼠免疫系统及硒和多糖对上述影响的拮抗作用。方法　昆明种小鼠随机分成 6组。对照组每只小鼠以生理盐水 0 .2 ml灌胃 ;低砷、中砷、高砷组分别以三氧化二砷 1.15 ,2 .3,4.6 m g/kg灌胃 ;硒拮抗组以康强硒 0 .1mg/kg及三氧化二砷 2 .3m g/kg灌胃 ;硒多糖拮抗组以康强硒 0 .1mg/kg、猴头多糖10 0 mg/kg及三氧化二砷 2 .3m g/kg灌胃 ,每日 1次。给药后第 7天 ,以比色法测定小鼠体内溶血素的含量 ;给药后第 10天 ,以碳粒廓清法检测砷对小鼠网状内皮系统的廓清能力的影响。结果　 3个砷剂量组都可明显降低溶血素抗体的生成 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;都可以降低小鼠网状内皮系统对碳粒的廓清能力 (P <0 .0 5 )。 0 .1mg/kg的康强硒及硒多糖可以拮抗砷对免疫系统的抑制作用。结论　硒可以降低小鼠的免疫功能 ,一定剂量的硒及多糖可以拮抗此作用     

流式细胞术分析HIV-1高暴露持续血清阴性人群淋巴细胞亚群

目的了解经性传播途径高暴露不易感人群淋巴细胞亚群的差异,分析其与艾滋病病毒Ⅰ型（HIV-1）不易感的关系,探讨经性途径高暴露HIV不易感的免疫基础。方法收集37例经性传播途径高暴露HIV-1持续血清阴性者（Highly exposed and persistently remain seronegative,简称HEPS人群）、65例HIV-1感染者（简称HIV阳性人群）及128例健康对照人群（简称HC人群）的抗凝全血,用流式细胞仪检测相关淋巴细胞亚群,并分析其相关性。结果HEPS人群与HC人群外周血淋巴细胞亚群差异没有统计学意义;HIV阳性人群外周血CD4^＋T淋巴细胞数量、CD4/CD8比值显著低于HEPS和HC两组人群（P〈0.001）,CD8^＋T淋巴细胞数量则显著高于该两组人群（P〈0.001）;HIV阳性人群外周血CD19^＋B淋巴细胞、CD16^＋CD56^＋NK细胞数量显著低于HEPS人群和HC人群。HEPS人群的CD19^＋B淋巴细胞数量与CD4^＋、CD8^＋T淋巴细胞数量呈显著正相关,而CD16^＋CD56^＋NK细胞数量与其CD4^＋、CD8^＋T淋巴细胞数量无相关性。结论经性途径高暴露HIV-1持续血清阴性人群的淋巴细胞亚群,和健康对照人群比较无显著性差异,HIV感染可明显降低CD4^＋T淋巴细胞、CD19^＋B淋巴细胞和CD16^＋CD56^＋NK细胞数量。     

银杏叶聚戊烯醇抗癌作用的初步研究

目的:研究银杏叶(Folium Ginkgo)提取物—聚戊烯醇(Polyprenols GP-1)的抗肿瘤作用。方法:采用动物抗移植性肿瘤实验方法。结果:10.0mg/kg的聚戊烯醇对移植性肝癌Heps和肉瘤S₁₈₀的实验抑制率分别为49.13%和46.53%,40.0mg/kg的聚戊烯醇对艾氏癌EC抑制率为49.65%(P<0.01)。银杏叶聚戊烯醇对艾氏腹水癌EAC小鼠无明显延长寿命作用。结论:银杏叶聚戊烯醇有良好的抗肿瘤作用,应进行深入研究。