枇杷花总黄酮提取工艺的研究

目的:优化枇杷花总黄酮提取工艺。方法:以总黄酮为考察指标,通过单因素及L9(34)正交试验优选枇杷花总黄酮的提取工艺。结果:确定以1∶10的料液比在60℃提取3次,每次1h为最佳提取条件。结论:本实验采用的方法和指标适合于枇杷花总黄酮的提取,为将其开发成为现代中药成方制剂提供了科学依据。     

正交实验法优选枇杷叶药渣中乌索酸提取工艺

目的确定枇杷叶药渣中乌索酸的最佳超声提取工艺条件。方法采用正交设计L9(34)方法,考察乙醇浓度、料液比、超声时间和提取次数对乌索酸提取率的影响,用高效液相色谱法测定含量,并与常规提取法进行了对比。结果所考察的因素对枇杷叶药渣中乌索酸提取的影响程度为:乙醇浓度>提取次数>料液比>超声时间;超声提取的最佳条件为:A3B1C1D2。结论与常规的提取方法相比,超声提取具有提取时间短、操作简单、提取率高、无需加热等优点。     

Tissue factor inhibitory sesquiterpene glycoside from<Emphasis Type="Italic">Eriobotrya japonica</Emphasis>

Tissue factor (TF, tissue thromboplastin) is a membrane bound glycoprotein, which accelerates the blood clotting, activating both the intrinsic and the extrinsic pathways to serve as a cofactor for activated factor VII (Vlla). The TF-factor Vlla complex (TF/Vlla) proteolytically activates factors IX and X, which leads to the generation of thrombin and fibrin clots. In order to isolate TF inhibitors, by means of a bioassay-directed chromatographic separation technique, from the leaves ofEriobotrya japonica Lindley (Rosaceae), a known sesquiterpene glycoside (2) and ferulic acid (3) were isolated as inhibitors that were evaluated using a single-clotting assay method for determining TF activity. Another sesquiterpene glycoside (1) was also isolated but was inactive in the assay system. Compound3 was yielded by alkaline hydrolysis of compound2. The structures of compounds1, 2, and3 were identified by means of spectral analysis as 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl nerolidol (1), 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyr-anosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-(4-trans-feruloyl)-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl nerolidol (2) and ferulic acid (3), respectively. Compounds2 and3 inhibited 50% of the TF activity at concentrations of 2 and 369 μM/TF units, respectively.     

枇杷叶中熊果酸及其衍生物的研究进展

目的了解枇杷叶中熊果酸及其衍生物的药理活性、提取分离以及检测方法,为进一步的研究及开发利用提供依据。方法以近10年国内外相关文献为依据,从熊果酸及其衍生物的提取分离、药理活性以及检测方法等方面进行综述。结果与结论枇杷叶中熊果酸及其衍生物具有降血糖、抗病毒、抗肿瘤以及抗炎抑菌等药理活性,具有较高的研究开发价值和广阔的应用前景。     

枇杷花的研究进展及其药效评价思路的探讨

枇杷花具有重要的药用价值和开发潜力。近年来国内外相关研究主要集中在枇杷花的化学成分、提取和精制工艺、药理效应和应用开发等方面,但存在有效性评价方法不系统和有效剂量不明确等问题。在综述枇杷花化学成分、提取和精制工艺、药理作用的基础上,提出如下研究思路：基于传统用药经验,应用经典、快速的动物模型确定有效剂量范围,整合多致病因素、多模型动物和多药理效应的药效学评价体系,引入模式识别分析等统计学方法,综合评价枇杷花的镇咳有效性并研究其作用机制,以期为枇杷花的开发提供科学依据。     

Effects of Standardized Eriobotrya japonica Extract in LP-BM5 Murine Leukemia Viruses-Induced Murine Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Folk medicine has long employed leaves from Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. (Rosaceae) (LEJ) as relieving many diseases including chronic bronchitis and high fever. In this study, we investigated the immunomodulatory effects of leaves from LEJ water extracts (LEJE) in LP-BM5 murine leukemia viruses (MuLV)-induced immune-deficient animal model. Dietary supplementation of LEJE (100, 300, 500 mg/kg) began on the day of LP-BM5 MuLV infection and continued for 12 weeks. Dietary supplementation of LEJE inhibited LP-BM5 MuLV-induced splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy. Moreover, LEJE attenuated reductions of T- and B-cell proliferation and Th1/Th2 cytokine imbalance in LP-BM5. We found that dietary supplements of LEJE suppressed the hypergammaglobulinemia by ameliorating LP-BM5 MuLV infection-induced B-cell dysfunction and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. We suggest that Eriobotrya japonica may have beneficial immunomodulatory effects, improving the balance of Th1/Th2 cytokines and anti-inflammatory effects.     

枇杷叶总黄酮大孔树脂纯化工艺优化

目的:优选大孔树脂吸附法富集枇杷叶总黄酮的工艺条件.方法:以芦丁为对照品,硝酸铝显色法检测枇杷叶总黄酮的含量.以静态吸附容量、静态解吸率为考察指标,比较6种大孔树脂对枇杷叶总黄酮的吸附和解吸效果,筛选最佳大孔树脂型号,并对其吸附和解吸条件进行探讨.结果:HPD100型大孔树脂最适合于枇杷叶总黄酮的纯化,其纯化工艺为上样液质量浓度3 g·L-1,上样速率2 BV·h-1,上样液体积2.5 BV,2 BV去离子水冲洗,5 BV 70％乙醇以1 BV·h-1流速洗脱,收集洗脱液.在此工艺条件下,总黄酮得率78.7％,总黄酮纯度47.3％.结论:HPD100型大孔树脂对枇杷叶总黄酮具有良好的纯化效果,优选工艺合理、稳定可行.     

HPLC法快速测定8种中药中齐墩果酸和熊果酸

目的建立一种快速分析方法,同时测定中药材马鞭草Verbena officinalis、女贞子Ligustrum lucidum、夏枯草Prunella vulgaris、白花蛇舌草Hedyotis diffusa、败酱草Patrinia scabiosaefolia、枇杷叶Eriobotrya japonica、山楂Crataegus pinnatifida、木瓜Chaenomeles Fructus papaya中齐墩果酸和熊果酸的量。方法使用快速溶剂萃取法,采用甲醇作为提取溶剂,静态萃取时间6 min,制备样品溶液,液相色谱分析采用Acclaim C_(30)色谱柱,以乙腈-0.2%醋酸(85∶15)为流动相,体积流量为0.3 mL/min,紫外检测波长为205 nm。结果样品提取时间为10 min,待测物齐墩果酸和熊果酸达到基线分离,且无样品基质干扰,r大于0.999,平均回收率在95.8%～102.7%,本法测定结果与《中国药典》2015年版方法的平均质量分数差异不显著。结论本方法简便、快速,且一法多用,可用于8种中药中齐墩果酸和熊果酸的测定。     

枇杷叶水提物祛痰止咳及抗炎作用研究

目的：研究并探讨枇杷叶水提物（Aqueous of Eriobotrya japonica Leaves,AEEJL）的祛痰、止咳及抗炎作用。方法：分别采用酚红排泌法、浓氨水喷雾引咳法和二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀法考察AEEJL的祛痰、止咳及抗炎活性。结果：与空白组相比,AEEJL中剂量（P〈0.05）和高剂量组（P〈0.01）能显著增加小鼠的酚红排泌量;AEEJL中剂量和高剂量组能明显延长浓氨水所致的小鼠咳嗽潜伏期并减少小鼠3 min内的咳嗽次数（P〈0.05）;AEEJL中剂量（P〈0.05）和高剂量组（P〈0.01）能明显抑制二甲苯引起的小鼠耳肿胀。结论：AEEJL具有一定的祛痰、止咳及抗炎活性。