Maculopatía fótica: revisión de la literatura (ii)

The human retina, as transducer of light energy, is especially exposed to light toxicity. Solar maculopathy has been the only form of photic maculopathy for millennia, often secondary to the observation of an eclipse. During the last century, technological advances have led to the appearance of new forms of photic maculopathy, related to the exposure to new forms of artificial light, such as welding devices and lasers. In recent years the general use of laser pointers has led to an upturn in interest in this pathology. The aim of this review is to offer an integrated view of the different types of photic maculopathy. Due to the extension of the topic, the review is presented divided into 2 parts. In this second part, atomic bomb maculopathy, laser maculopathy, iatrogenic forms of photic maculopathy, and foveomacular retinitis are presented.     

Pacific Eclipse exercise: Value to US Indo-Pacific Command Surgeon’s Office

The United States Indo-Pacific Command Surgeon Office had the opportunity to participate in the Pacific Eclipse workshop in December 2019. This paper discusses the value of the exercise in pandemic and disaster planning for the US Indo-Pacific Command.     

Flexural properties of a light-cure and a self-cure denture base materials compared to conventional alternatives

PURPOSE

A new light curing urethane dimethacrylate and a cold curing resin with simpler and faster laboratory procedures may have even improved flexural properties. This study investigated the 3-point flexural strengths and flexural moduli of two alternate base materials.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A cold curing resin (Weropress) and a light curing urethane dimethacrylate base material (Eclipse). Along with Eclipse and Weropress, a high impact resin (Lucitone199) and three conventional base materials (QC 20, Meliodent and Paladent 20) were tested. A 3-point bending test was used to determine the flexural strengths and flexural moduli. The mean displacement, maximum load, flexural modulus and flexural strength values and standard deviations for each group were analyzed by means of one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (with mean difference significant at the 0.05 level). Post hoc analyses (Scheffe test) were carried out to determine the differences between the groups at a confidence level of 95%.

RESULTS

Flexural strength, displacement and force maximum load values of Eclipse were significantly different from other base materials. Displacement values of QC 20 were significantly different from Lucitone 199 and Weropress.

CONCLUSION

The flexural properties and simpler processing technique of Eclipse system presents an advantageous alternative to conventional base resins and Weropress offers another simple laboratory technique.     

Concentration dependent effects of tobacco particulates from different types of cigarettes on expression of drug metabolizing proteins, and benzo(a)pyrene metabolism in primary normal human oral epithelial cells

The ability of tobacco smoke (TS) to modulate phase I and II enzymes and affect metabolism of tobacco carcinogens is likely an important factor in its carcinogenicity. For the first time several types of TS particulates (TSP) were compared in different primary cultured human oral epithelial cells (NOE) for their abilities to affect metabolism of the tobacco carcinogen, (BaP) to genotoxic products, and expression of drug metabolizing enzymes. TSP from, reference filtered (2RF4), mentholated (MS), reference unfiltered, (IR3), ultra low tar (UL), and cigarettes that primarily heat tobacco (ECL) were tested. Cells pretreated with TSP concentrations of 0.2-10 μg/ml generally showed increased rates of BaP metabolism; those treated with TSP concentrations above 10 μg/ml showed decreased rates. Effects of TSPs were similar when expressed on a weight basis. Weights of TSP/cigarette varied in the order: MS ≈ IR3 > 2RF4 > ECL > UL. All TSPs induced the phase I proteins, cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) and 1B1 (CYP1B1), phase II proteins, NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1 (NQO1), and microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 (MGST1), and additionally, hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 2 (HSD17B2), as assessed by qRT-PCR. The pattern of gene induction at probable physiological levels favored activation over detoxification.     

Eclipse应用程序接口联合RapidPlan临床实践的自动计划设计方法北大核心CSCD

目的基于Eclipse应用程序接口(ESAPI)实现Eclipse15.6版计划系统放疗计划全自动设计程序SmartPlan,并对其临床应用进行评估。方法在临床计划中选择鼻咽癌及直肠癌各20例,使用SmartPlan联合RapidPlan进行自动计划设计并与手动计划进行剂量学参数比较。采用Wilcoxon符号秩检验行两组间差异比较。结果自动计划和手动计划结果在剂量学上均能满足临床需求。鼻咽癌计划中靶区覆盖方面两组相近(P>0.05),且自动计划在危及器官保护方面多数优于手动计划(P<0.05)。直肠癌计划中自动计划除靶区均匀性和小肠最大剂量略差于手动计划外,其余剂量学参数均优于手动计划(P<0.05)。结论相比手动计划,自动计划具有同等或相似的靶区覆盖,相似或更优的危及器官保护能力,且执行方式更加简单。基于ESAPI开发的SmartPlan自动计划程序具有临床可行性和有效性。     

Morphological demonstration of the first phase of polyomavirus replication in oligodendroglia cells of human brain in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)

Summary Ultrastructural characteristics of adsorption, penetration and intracellular transport of polyomavirus is demonstrated in oligodendrocytes in PML. The findings are compared with those obtained by virological examinations of polyomavirus infections described in cell cultures. The morphology of the eclipse phase and the site of the beginning of virus assembly are also described. The vacuolization of the cytoplasm is considered to be the consequence of the production of viral protein and nucleic acid. The cytoplasmic virions surrounded by membrane in the early and late phases of replication are considered to be infective virions, while those in the cytoplasm in a free state, aligned along membrane fragments or arranged in crystals are classified as virus progenies.The first demonstration of polyoma virions between the separated lamellae of the myelin sheath of a viable axon is presented; their presence, however, is not considered to play a direct pathogenetic role in demyelination.     

In vitro comparison of two different materials for the repair of urethan dimethacrylate denture bases

PURPOSE

The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the flexural properties of a recently introduced urethane dimethacrylate denture base material (Eclipse) after being repaired with two different materials.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Two repair groups and a control group consisting of 10 specimens each were generated. The ES group was repaired with auto-polymerizing polymer. The EE group was repaired with the Eclipse. The E group was left intact as a control group. A 3-point bending test device which was set to travel at a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min was used. Specimens were loaded until fracture occurred and the mean displacement, maximum load, flexural modulus and flexural strength values and standard deviations were calculated for each group and the data were statistically analyzed. The results were assessed at a significance level of P<.05.

RESULTS

The mean "displacement", "maximum load before fracture", "flexural strength" and "flexural modulus" rates of Group E were statistically significant higher than those of Groups ES and EE, but no significant difference (P>.05) was found between the mean values of Group ES and EE. There was a statistically significant positive relation (P<.01) between the displacement and maximum load of Group ES (99.5%), Group EE (94.3%) and Group E (84.4%).

CONCLUSION

The more economic and commonly used self-curing acrylic resin can be recommended as an alternative repair material for Eclipse denture bases.