功能性消化不良患者胃排空障碍与胃肠激素的关系

目的 探讨功能性消化不良(FD)患者胃排空障碍与胃肠激素间的关系。方法 对54例四患者进行胃排空检查，根据结果将其分为胃排空延缓的FD组(FDD组)和胃排空正常的四组(FDN组)，另以17名正常人作为对照组。用放免法测定受试者血浆(空脂和餐后)、胃窦十二指肠粘膜组织的神经降压素(NT)和胃动宗(MTL)含量。结果 FDD组空脂和餐后血浆、胃窦和十二指肠粘膜组织的NT含量均明显高于对照组及FDN组。各组试餐前后血浆NT增幅差异无显著性。FDD组空脂和餐后血浆、胃窦和十二指肠粘膜组织的MIL含量均明显低于对照组及FDN组。各组十二指肠粘膜组织MTL含量均明显高于胃窦粘膜。结论 FD患者胃排空障碍与NT、MIL密切相关。NT、MIL在FD的发病机制中可能具有一定作用。     

针刺加中药治疗功能性消化不良120例疗效观察

目的　观察针刺加中药治疗功能性消化不良的临床疗效。方法　 1 80例功能性消化不良患者随机分为 2组。治疗组 1 2 0例采用针刺加中药治疗 ,对照组 6 0例单用西药对症治疗 ,2组均治疗 2周后观察疗效。结果　治疗组总有效率为 95 .8% ,对照组为 83.4 % ,2组比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1 )。结论　针刺加中药治疗功能性消化不良具有显著疗效     

功能性消化不良患者胃膨胀感知的改变

目的研究功能性消化不良（ＦＤ）患者胃膨胀感知的改变。方法应用灌注导管测压仪研究了７例ＦＤ患者、５例ＦＤ并心理异常患者及５例正常人胃对容量刺激的感觉。结果发现ＦＤ患者胃对容量刺激的最低敏感性阈值、不适阈值及疼痛阈值分别为（１９５．７±６５．３）,（３０４．３±５８．６）,（４６４．３±４７．２）ｍｌ,ＦＤ并心理异常患者为（１２３．０±４０．３）,（２５４．０±４９．８）,（４６６．０±７６．４）ｍｌ,均明显低于正常人的（３２７．０±４４．７）,（５３２．４ ±１０７．４）,（６７８．０±１１７．４）ｍｌ（Ｐ＜０．０１）;三者的胃顺应性无明显改变。结论胃对容量刺激的感知过度敏感是ＦＤ发病的机制之一。     

心理干预对大学生功能性消化不良的治疗作用

目的探讨心理因素对大学生功能性消化不良(FD)的影响及心理干预对FD的治疗作用,为采取相应的干预措施提供依据。方法对诊断为FD的蚌埠医学院在校大学生62例,分为心理干预组和对照组。心理干预组在药物治疗的同时进行4周的心理干预,其方法包括:支持性心理治疗、认知疗法和行为疗法;对照组仅应用药物治疗。治疗4周后对2组患者进行SCL-90测试。结果心理干预组躯体化、强迫、人际关系敏感、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执等症状因子分值均比对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),心理干预组治疗总有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论心理因素在大学生FD发病中有重要作用,心理干预对治疗大学生FD有效。     

Clinical observation on acupuncture treatment of functional dyspepsia

目的:观察针刺治疗功能性消化不良的临床疗效.方法:根据中医经络理论选择以足三里等穴位,用平补平泻手法,辅以电针治疗功能性消化不良,并以常用西药多潘立酮作为对照进行临床观察.结果与结论:针刺组总有效率93.8%,显效率为63.3%,药物组分别为82.3%和43.1%,针刺组治疗非特异型功能性消化不良疗效好于药物组(P＜0.05);治疗动力障碍型者,两者无明显差异(P＞0.05),疗效均较突出.     

莫沙必利改善夜间消化不良症状的随机、双盲、安慰剂平行对照研究

功能性消化不良（FD）的发病机制尚未完全明了。夜间上腹部症状是影响FD患者生活质量的重要因素。促动力药对夜间FD症状的治疗作用和机制不详。目的：探讨莫沙必利对FD患者夜间消化不良症状的治疗作用。方法：采用随机、双盲、安慰剂平行对照的前瞻性设计，连续选取主诉有夜间FD症状（上腹部疼痛、饱胀、嗳气）的患者，经一周安慰剂治疗筛选，无安慰剂治疗反应者分别给予莫沙必利（5mgtid）和安慰剂治疗。治疗前后分别行夜间症状评估以及夜间胃内DH值和胆红素联合检测。结果：共纳入43例有夜间FD症状的患者，28例对安慰剂治疗无反应。治疗后，莫沙必利组夜间上腹部疼痛、饱胀、暖气的症状积分均明显降低（R0．05），夜间胃内pH值和胆红素吸收值〉0．14的时间百分比均明显降低（P〈O．05）；而安慰剂组上述指标无明显差异（P〉O．05）。莫沙必利组夜间症状积分改善程度与夜间胃内pH值和胆红素吸收值〉O．14的时间百分比降低程度有明显相关性（P〈O．05）。结论：莫沙必利能显著改善夜间FD症状．其机制可能与减轻夜间胃十二指肠胆汁反流有关。     

Enfermedades relacionadas con la infección por Helicobacter pylori

This article summarizes the main conclusions drawn from the presentations on Helicobacter pylori at Digestive Disease Week 2013. Knowledge of this infection among the general population continues to be extremely limited. H. pylori is the main cause of “aging” of the human stomach. In developed countries, the prevalence of H. pylori infection has decreased but continues to be considerable. In most countries, clarithromycin and metronidazole resistance rates are markedly high. H. pylori eradication improves the symptoms of functional dyspepsia, but only in a minority of patients. The frequency of idiopathic peptic ulcers seems to be rising and their prognosis is worse. Most patients with gastric cancer have, or have had, prior H. pylori infection. The risk of developing preneoplastic lesions depends on the type (strain) of the microorganism. To prevent the development of gastric cancer, eradication therapy should be administered early (before the development of intestinal metaplasia). Among H. pylori-infected patients, those who receive long-term treatment with proton pump inhibitors more frequently develop preneoplastic lesions. In patients who undergo endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer, H. pylori eradication reduces the incidence of metachronous tumors. Eradication therapy induces regression of MALT lymphoma in most patients and tumoral recurrence in the long term is exceptional; eradication is a reasonable option even when H. pylori infection has not been identified in patients with MALT lymphoma. Several diagnostic innovations were presented, such as some polymerase chain reaction techniques for use in gastric biopsy specimens or gastric juice. The efficacy of triple standard therapy is clearly inadequate. The superiority of “sequential” therapy over standard triple therapy has not been definitively established. “Concomitant” therapy is more effective and is simpler than “sequential” therapy. After failure of standard triple therapy, second-line levofloxacin–based schemes for 10 days are effective and are also simpler and better tolerated than bismuth-based quadruple therapy. Levofloxacin-based triple therapy is also a promising alternative after failure of “sequential” and “concomitant” therapies. New-generation quinolones, such as moxifloxacin, could be useful as eradication therapy, especially as rescue therapy. After failure of clarithromycin-based triple therapy, followed by that of levofloxacin-based triple therapy, a bismuth-based quadruple scheme is an acceptable alternative. Even after the failure of 3 eradication therapies, a fourth empirical rescue therapy (with rifabutin) can be effective.     

Dyspepsia in General Practice: History and Symptoms in Relation to Helicobacter pylori Serum Antibodies

Hovelius B, Andersson SI, Hagander B, Mölstad S, Reimers P, Sperlich E, Wadström T. Dyspepsia in general practice: history and symptoms in relation to Helicobacter pylori serum antibodies. Scand J Gastroenterol 1994;29:506-510.

Background: This study was designed to explore the relationships between serologic Helicobacter pylori positivity and demographic, behavioural, and symptomatologic factors in patients consulting foi dyspeptic symptoms in general practice.

Methods: H. pylori enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results and checklist data were collected by general practitioners at three community health centres in southern Sweden from consecutive patients aged 18-65 years with upper abdominal pain or discomfort (dyspepsia).

Results: Of the 130 available patients with dyspepsia, 127 agreed to participate, 45 (mean age, 41.2 years) being classified as H. pylori-positive and 82 (mean age, 33.5 years) as H. pylori-negative. Manual workers were diagnosed as H. pylori-positive significantly more often than were non-manual workers (p < 0.05). Of those patients examined earlier by gastroscopy or roentgenography, H. pylori-positives reported stomach or duodenal ulcer significantly more often than did H. pylori-negatives (p < 0.01). H. pv/on-positives reported stomach/duodenal ulcer in their parents/siblings to a significantly greater extent than did H. pylori-negatives (45.2% versus 10.1%, p< 0.001). H. pylori-negatives reported stress-generated symptoms significantly more often than did H. pylori-positXves (82.9% versus 61.5%, p <0.01). Hierarchical regression analyses showed that, when age and sex were controlled for, the ability of each of these measures to predict the serologic results remained significant.

Conclusions: Higher levels of H. pylori antibodies in dyspeptic patients appear to be associated with a relatively low self-perception of stress, with manual work, with being older, and with the occurrence, both in the patients themselves and in their close relatives, of stomach/duodenal ulcer.     

伊托必利治疗功能性消化不良的Meta分析

目的 根据现有的临床研究评价伊托必利治疗功能性消化不良(FD)的疗效与安全性.方法 检索Cochrane图书馆、EMBASE、PubMed、Elsevier、科学引文索引数据库、中国知网、维普、万方等数据库中有关伊托必利治疗FD的随机对照试验(RCT)文献,并提取纳入研究的特征信息,计数资料采用相对危险度(RR)值,计量资料采用加权均数差(WMD),根据异质性检验结果选择相应的效应模型,绘制漏斗图评定有无发表偏倚.结果 共有9项RCT符合纳入研究标准,2620例FD中有1372例接受伊托必利治疗,1248例接受安慰剂或其他药物对照治疗.伊托必利对FD患者的总体症状疗效、餐后饱胀疗效、早饱疗效的RR值分别为1.11(95％CI为1.01～1.21,P=0.02)、1.18(95％CI为1.04～1.33,P＜0.01)、1.24(95％CI为1.01～1.53,P=0.04),均优于对照组,但在上腹不适疗效方面差异无统计学意义.Leeds消化不良问卷(LDQ)积分疗效的WMD值为-1.38(95％CI为-1.75～-1.01,P＜0.01)伊托必利伏于对照组.在安全性方面,伊托必利与对照组不良反应发生率相似.各观察指标的漏斗图均基本呈现下宽上窄左右对称的图形,提示无发表偏倚.结论 伊托必利对于FD患者的总体症状、餐后饱胀、早饱、LDQ积分有较好的疗效,且不良反应发生率较低.     

Intolerance to Cereals Is Not Specific for Coeliac Disease

Background: While dyspeptic patients in primary care often receive empirical treatment with antisecretory drugs, a substantial number suffer from motility disturbances which may be associated with their complaints. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of treatment with antisecretory treatment with a prokinetic agent in uninvestigated dyspepsia. Methods: 563 patients presenting dyspeptic complaints to the general practitioner with a low likelihood of organic (ulcer, reflux or malignant) disease, i.e. absence of alarm symptoms or a history of peptic ulcer disease or gastro-oesophageal reflux disease were included. They entered a randomized, double-blind trial of 4 weeks of ranitidine 150 mg bid compared with 4 weeks of cisapride 10 mg bid, with 3 months follow-up. Treatment failure was defined as no response to treatment or a relapse of symptoms within the follow-up period. Also studied were the effect on dyspepsia severity, response to treatment after 4 weeks, and time to relapse. Results: For all randomized patients, the incidence of overall treatment success after 3 months follow-up with antisecretory treatment was 107/271 (39.5%) and with a prokinetic agent 122/282 (43.3%); the risk difference was 3.8% (95% CI-4.4% to 12.0%); the difference in symptom severity score after 4 weeks of treatment was 0.3; 95% CI-0.4% to 1.0%. For patients responding to 4 weeks of treatment, relapsefree time was 86 days in the prokinetic group and 79 days in the acid suppression group (P = 0.005). Conclusions: Antisecretory and prokinetic therapies are equally effective in primary care patients with uninvestigated dyspeptic complaints, though relapse rates are lower in patients treated with prokinetic treatment.