Parts‐based representations of perceived face movements in the superior temporal sulcus

Facial motion is a primary source of social information about other humans. Prior fMRI studies have identified regions of the superior temporal sulcus (STS) that respond specifically to perceived face movements (termed fSTS), but little is known about the nature of motion representations in these regions. Here we use fMRI and multivoxel pattern analysis to characterize the representational content of the fSTS. Participants viewed a set of specific eye and mouth movements, as well as combined eye and mouth movements. Our results demonstrate that fSTS response patterns contain information about face movements, including subtle distinctions between types of eye and mouth movements. These representations generalize across the actor performing the movement, and across small differences in visual position. Critically, patterns of response to combined movements could be well predicted by linear combinations of responses to individual eye and mouth movements, pointing to a parts‐based representation of complex face movements. These results indicate that the fSTS plays an intermediate role in the process of inferring social content from visually perceived face movements, containing a representation that is sufficiently abstract to generalize across low‐level visual details, but still tied to the kinematics of face part movements.     

耒阳市1093例不同年龄人群缺锌状况的调查分析

[目的]探讨人体内锌缺乏与年龄是否相关。[方法]采集头发用强酸消化后，利用北京振教科贸有限公司产WL-3微量元素分析仪进行检测。[结果]我们发现儿童的缺锌率高于青少年和成人人群，具有显著的统计学意义（P〈0．05），其中3～5岁时的儿童的缺锌率达到了79．1％。而青少年与成人之间的缺锌率并无差异（P〉0．05），分别为20．5％和18．4％。[结论]因膳食结构不当引起锌缺乏在儿童中常见，由此我们应当根据不同年龄阶段特点进行不同的补锌措施。     

不同海拔高度健康藏汉族青年脉象图研究

本文通过对不同海拔高度藏汉族健康青青年的４００幅脉图分析后认为，健康藏汉族青年的脉象以滑、平、弦、缓为多。结古和西宁的藏汉族青年脉力图的主要生理参数中不同海拔高度上有一定差异，表现为结古青年弦脉较多，而西宁教地区滑脉较多，究其形成原因，主要与高海拔缺氧、寒冷环境有密切关系；在民族间也存在一定差异，表现为汉族弦脉多，藏族滑脉多，它们的形成与移居高原后心血管的反庆和代偿机制有关，在性别间有明星的差异。     

不同方法治疗特殊部位白癜风疗效的比较

目的通过不同方法治疗特殊部位白癜风的疗效观察,以便筛选出对不同部位白癜风的最佳治疗方法.方法随机将l 22例(375区白斑)特殊部位白癜风患者分为5组,移植微型毛胚组42例,磨削去除白斑组52例,毛囊刮取物注射组35例,液氮冷冻起疱去除白斑组30例,外用药物治疗组45例.观察其疗效,对各组病例统一疗效标准判断,统计学处理.结果移植微型毛胚组总有效率97.1 %,磨削去除白斑组总有效率94.7 %,毛囊刮取物注射组总有效率59.7 %,液氮冷冻起疱去除白斑组总有效率57.1%,外用药物治疗组总有效率45.5 %.经统计学处理,各组之间比较,差异有非常显著性意义(χ^2＝111.77,P＜0.005).结论特殊部位白癜风的治疗,目前仍是一个棘手的问题,上述所介绍的方法无疑是在实践中切实可行的方法,各有特色,可以根据不同部位,酌情选择最佳方法,也可以联合应用,相互补充,提高疗效.     

甘草地上部分活性部位的急性毒性和长期毒性实验研究

[目的] 探索甘草地上部分活性部位对小鼠的急性毒性及大鼠的长期毒性,评价其安全性,为合理开发利用甘草地上部分资源以及临床应用提供可靠的理论依据。[方法] 甘草地上部分活性部位33.2 g/kg灌胃给予昆明种小鼠,24 h内两次（间隔5 h）经口灌胃给予受试物,持续观察14 d内小鼠的急性毒性反应;SD大鼠随机分为对照组和甘草地上部分低、中、高剂量组,按8.3、16.6、33.2 g/kg剂量连续灌胃甘草地上部分活性部位90 d,观察大鼠的一般状况,并分别于给药后45、90 d进行血液学指标检测与血清生化指标检测,给药后90 d进行大体解剖及病理学检查,观察甘草地上部分活性部位的长期毒性反应。[结果] 急性毒性实验中小鼠的一般状态、饮食、分泌物、排便未见异常,无小鼠死亡,肉眼尸检心、肝、脾等主要脏器组织未见明显异常;长期毒性实验中,各组大鼠与对照组比较,一般状况、血液学及血清生化指标未见明显差异;病理检查未见主要脏器组织形态学改变。[结论] 甘草地上部分活性部位无急性毒性和长期毒性,在治疗剂量范围内用药安全性高。     

Different thermal conditions of the extremities affect thermoregulation in clothed man

The effects of different types of clothing on human deep body temperature were studied with six healthy male subjects in a supine posture. Two clothing ensembles were employed for the present study: A covered the whole body area with garments except the face (1.97 clo) and B covered only the trunk and the upper half of the extremities with garments (1.53 clo). The experiment was carried out in a climatic chamber at 55% ± 5% relative humidity under cooling and warming temperatures: the temperature was changed from 22°C to 10°C (cooling) and returned to 22°C again (warming). The major findings were: rectal temperature (T _re) continued to decrease gradually in A throughout the experiment, whereas in B it increased during cooling, and returned to previous levels during warming. As a result, Tre and chest skin temperature were maintained at a higher level in B than in A. Internal tissue conductances were greater in A than in B both during cooling and during warming. Thermal comfort appeared to have been influenced more by the rate of skin temperature change than by the level of skin temperature per se. It was concluded that peripheral vasoconstriction in B induced less heat flow from core to shell, and, thus, the core temperature was maintained at a higher level in B than in A.     

Malignant Melanoma of Soft Parts Involving the Head and Neck Region: Review of Literature and Case Report

Malignant melanoma of soft parts (MMSP) was originally described as a distinct entity by Enzinger in 1965 and was termed “clear cell sarcoma of tendons and aponeuroses” because of its association with tenosynovial structures. It has been shown immunophenotypically and ultrastructurally that this tumor is derived from neuroectoderm and shares a number of features with cutaneous melanoma. Over 95% of MMSPs present in the extremities, with the head and neck region (1.9%) being an unusual site. This study presents an additional case of MMSP of the head and neck region involving the posterior cervical region in a 15-year-old Hispanic male and reviews the literature on MMSP. Ultrastructural examination showed rudimentary cell attachments, smooth cell membranes, discontinuous basal lamina, scanty glycogen, and occasional premelanosomes in some tumor cells. Cytogenetic analysis showed a reciprocal translocation between the long arms of chromosomes 12 and 22 [t(12:22)(q13;q12.2)], characteristic for MMSP and not seen in cutaneous melanoma. Survival in MMSP has been correlated with tumor size, tumor necrosis, and ploidy status. Overall reported clinical outcome for this tumor is as follows: died of disease, 45%; alive with disease, 23%; no evidence of disease, 30%; and died of other causes, 2%. MMSP represents a distinct entity with a characteristic ultrastructural appearance and a tumor defining cytogenetic translocation.     

中国不同地区中老年人门诊服务利用及影响因素研究

目的 分析中国不同地区中老年居民门诊服务利用现状及其影响因素。方法 基于2018年CHARLS第四次调查,将中国28个省份划分为东中西部三个地区,依据安德森模型对19 136例中老年居民门诊服务利用的影响因素采用二分类多水平Logistic回归模型进行探讨。结果 我国中老年居民慢性病患病率为44.7%,其中,西部地区慢性病患病率最高(47.3%),四周就诊率最高(18.2%); 不同地区中老年居民门诊服务利用的影响因素有所不同,东部地区,女性(男性OR=0.782,95%CI:0.675～0.905)、文化水平较高(OR=1.853,95%CI:1.197～2.869)、丧偶者(OR=1.317,95%CI:1.081～1.605)四周就诊的可能性增加; 在中部地区,参加城镇职工医保(OR=2.094,95%CI:1.123～3.903)或新农合(OR=1.952,95%CI:1.069～3.563)、轻度失能(OR=1.440,95%CI:1.099～1.885)的居民四周就诊的可能性增加; 在西部地区,女性四周就诊的可能性高于男性(OR=0.718,95%CI:0.628～0.821); 三个地区均显示自评健康状况越差、慢性病患者四周就诊的可能性更高(P＜0.05)。结论 我国不同地区中老年居民门诊服务利用的影响因素有所不同,自评健康状况和慢性病是三个地区四周就诊率相同的影响因素因此,在配置门诊医疗资源时,应针对不同地区的中老年人群特点进行合理倾斜。     

不同带教模式在神经内科护理教学中的应用效果评价

目的研究不同带教模式在神经内科护理教学中的应用效果。方法选取2018年6月—2019年7月期间在该院实习的62名护士为研究对象,随机均分为两组,对照组采用传统教学,观察组采用PBL教学,观察两组的教学效果。结果实施后观察组护理实习生的理论知识分数(93.72±1.13)分与对照组护理实习生的理论知识分数(85.92±2.75)分相比较高,差异有统计学意义(t=14.607,P<0.001),观察组护理实习生的实践操作分数(95.25±2.43)分与对照组护理实习生的实践操作分数(84.36±4.64)分相比较高,差异有统计学意义(t=11.576,P<0.001),护生对教学的评价教学评价差评率0.00%与对照组19.35%相比较低,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.613,P=0.032)。结论不同带教模式应用在神经内科护理教学中效果不同,PBL教学与传统教学相比较好,能够有效地提高护理实习生的理论和实践能力,受到了护理实习生的一致认可,值得在临床中应用。