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排序方式: 共有164条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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《Heart rhythm》2019,16(8):e66-e93
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《Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola》2014,65(6):346-354
ObjectiveDabigatran is a new non-vitamin K antagonist (VKA) anticoagulant with anti-thrombin action, with supposedly fewer haemorrhagic complications. However, there are actually no established agents to reverse its effect, nor specific coagulation time tests for monitoring it.Materials and methodsAn observational prospective study was developed, noting epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic features among subjects with epistaxis treated with dabigatran. Results were compared with a group of epistaxis cases of individuals under anticoagulant therapy with VKA (acenocoumarol) and a control group without anticoagulation.ResultsSince its inclusion in our health system almost 3 years ago, 19 patients with epistaxis and concomitant use of dabigatran have been attended at the Emergency Unit in our hospital, as against 59 under VKA therapy and 144 without anticoagulation, with a mean admittance rate of 26%, 28% and 14%, respectively. In 3 out of 5 individuals admitted due to dabigatran treatment, previously unobserved renal failure was detected. Blood transfusion was needed in 80% of patients using dabigatran, 58% using VKA and 23% without anticoagulation. Invasive procedures to control nosebleed were required in 80%, 35% and 21%, respectively. Although haemorrhagic risk was lower in dabigatran cases, they showed the longest stay in the hospital when compared to the other groups.ConclusionsWith dabigatran, there are fewer cases of severe epistaxis than with acenocoumarol, but controlling them is more difficult. 相似文献
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Carlos Escobar Julio Martí-Almor Alejandro Pérez Cabeza M. José Martínez-Zapata 《Revista espa?ola de cardiología》2019,72(4):305-316
Introduction and objectives
To assess the effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants vs vitamin K antagonists in real-life patients with atrial fibrillation.Methods
A systematic review was performed according to Cochrane methodological standards. The results were reported according to the PRISMA statement. The ROBINS-I tool was used to assess risk of bias.Results
A total of 27 different studies publishing data in 30 publications were included. In the studies with a follow-up up to 1 year, apixaban (HR, 0.93; 95%CI, 0.71-1.20) and dabigatran (HR, 0.95; 95%CI, 0.80-1.13) did not significantly reduce the risk of ischemic stroke vs warfarin, whereas rivaroxaban significantly reduced this risk (HR, 0.83; 95%CI, 0.73-0.94). Apixaban (HR, 0.66; 95%CI, 0.55-0.80) and dabigatran (HR, 0.83; 95%CI, 0.70-0.97) significantly reduced the major bleeding risk vs warfarin, but not rivaroxaban (HR, 1.02; 95%CI, 0.95-1.10), although with a high statistical heterogeneity among studies. Apixaban (HR, 0.56; 95%CI, 0.42-0.73), dabigatran (HR, 0.45; 95%CI, 0.39-0.51), and rivaroxaban (HR, 0.66; 95%CI, 0.49-0.88) significantly reduced the risk of intracranial bleeding vs warfarin. Reduced doses of direct oral anticoagulants were associated with a slightly better safety profile, but with a marked reduction in stroke prevention effectiveness.Conclusions
Data from this meta-analysis suggest that, vs warfarin, the stroke prevention effectiveness and bleeding risk of direct oral anticoagulants may differ in real-life patients with atrial fibrillation. 相似文献6.
Mark M. Brodie Jill C. Newman Tyler Smith Don C. Rockey 《The American journal of medicine》2018,131(5):573.e9-573.e15
Background
Direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs), which have gained approval for stroke prevention in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and treatment of venous thromboembolism, have become increasingly preferred over warfarin given their predictable pharmacodynamics, lack of required monitoring, and superior outcomes. Direct-acting oral anticoagulants have been shown to be associated with an increased frequency of gastrointestinal bleeding compared with warfarin, but the severity and characteristics of gastrointestinal bleeding in these patients is poorly understood.Methods
We retrospectively evaluated electronic medical records of patients with gastrointestinal bleeding (n = 8496) from 2010-2016. We identified 61 patients with gastrointestinal bleeding episodes while treated with DOACs (rivaroxaban, dabigatran, or apixaban) and 123 patients with gastrointestinal bleeding while taking warfarin. We randomly selected a control group of 296 patients with gastrointestinal bleeding who were not receiving anticoagulation treatment from the same sample. Outcomes included the need for hospitalization, blood transfusion, endoscopic or surgical intervention, and 30-day mortality.Results
The DOAC and warfarin groups were similar in terms of age and underlying comorbidity (assessed using the Charlson Comorbidity Index), but the DOAC group had greater concomitant aspirin use. Gastrointestinal bleeding was classified as upper (n = 186), lower (n = 88), anorectal (n = 183), small bowel (n = 9), and indeterminate (n = 14). After adjusting for differences in baseline variables, the DOAC group had fewer hospitalizations and required fewer transfusions than the warfarin group. The DOAC and control groups were not statistically different for all outcomes. There were no significant mortality differences among groups.Conclusion
Although prior studies have shown a higher frequency of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients treated with DOACs compared with warfarin, our data suggest that gastrointestinal bleeding in patients taking DOACs may be less severe. These differences occurred despite significantly greater concomitant aspirin use in the DOAC group compared with warfarin users. 相似文献7.
目的比较达比加群酯与华法林治疗脑静脉血栓形成(cerebral venous thrombosis,CVT)安全性和有效性。方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2018年12月在河南省人民医院神经内科住院治疗的CVT患者的病历资料,根据用药情况分为达比加群酯组和华法林组。主要转归指标为治疗后6个月时的功能转归良好,定义为改良Rankin量表评分0~2分。次要转归指标包括受累静脉窦再通率以及出血发生率。结果共纳入152例CVT患者,其中达比加群酯组34例,华法林组118例。两组人口统计学和基线资料比较均差异无统计学意义。治疗6个月时,达比加群酯组和华法林组功能转归良好率(94.1%对93.2%;χ^2=0.043,P=0.836)以及受累静脉窦再通率(94.1%对93.2%;χ^2=0.043,P=0.836)均差异无统计学意义。达比加群酯组出血发生率显著低于华法林组(8.8%对27.1%;χ^2=4.985,P=0.026),两组轻微出血发生率差异无统计学意义(8.8%对16.1%;χ^2=0.618,P=0.432),但达比加群酯组严重出血发生率有显著低于华法林组的趋势(0%对11.0%;Fisher精确检验P=0.074)。达比加群酯组无死亡病例,华法林组死亡2例,其中1例妊娠期女性患者在治疗4个月时死于CVT复发,1例男性患者在治疗2个月时死于急性心肌梗死。两组病死率差异无统计学意义(0%对1.7%;Fisher精确检验P=1.000)。结论达比加群酯治疗CVT的有效性不逊于华法林,且出血并发症风险更低。 相似文献
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Torben Bjerregaard Larsen Lars Hvilsted Rasmussen Anders Gorst-Rasmussen Flemming Skjøth Deirdre A. Lane Gregory Y.H. Lip 《The American journal of medicine》2014,127(12):1172-1178
Background
This register-based observational study compares dabigatran to warfarin for secondary stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation patients among both “new starters” on dabigatran and “switchers” to dabigatran from warfarin.Methods
We identified, in nationwide Danish registries, 2398 patients with atrial fibrillation and a history of stroke/transient ischemic attack, making a first-time purchase of dabigatran 110 mg twice a day (bid; D110) and 150 mg bid (D150). Patients were categorized as either vitamin K antagonist (VKA) naive or experienced. Warfarin controls were identified using a complete (for VKA-naive dabigatran patients) or matched sampling approach (for VKA-experienced dabigatran patients). Subjects were followed for an average of 12.6 months for stroke and transient ischemic attacks. Confounder-adjusted Cox regression models were used to compare event rates between treatments.Results
Among patients with a history of stroke/transient ischemic attack and prior VKA experience, switching to dabigatran was associated with an increased stroke/transient ischemic attack rate for both dabigatran doses compared with continuing on warfarin (D110 hazard ratio [HR] 1.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.42-2.78; D150 HR 2.34; 95% CI, 1.60-3.41). Among prior stroke/transient ischemic attack patients who were new starters on dabigatran or warfarin, the rate of stroke/transient ischemic attack for both doses of dabigatran was similar to or lower than warfarin (D110 HR 0.64; 95% CI, 0.50-0.80; D150 HR 0.92l; 95% CI, 0.73-1.15).Conclusions
In this register-based study, VKA-experienced patients with a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack who switched to dabigatran therapy had an increased rate of stroke compared with patients persisting with warfarin therapy. 相似文献10.
Mika Skeppholm Paul Hjemdahl Jovan P. Antovic Josephine Muhrbeck Jaak Eintrei Yuko Rönquist-Nii Anton Pohanka Olof Beck Rickard E. Malmström 《Thrombosis research》2014